Biology:NCDN

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Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens


A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example

Neurochondrin (also known as its murine homologue, Norbin) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCDN gene.[1][2]

This gene encodes a leucine-rich cytoplasmic protein, which is highly similar to a mouse protein norbin that negatively regulates Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylation and may be essential for spatial learning processes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described.[2]

Norbin can modulate signaling activity and expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5; modulating mice with targeted deletion of NCDN in the brain have phenotypic traits usually found in the rodent models of schizophrenia, including disruptions in prepulse inhibition.[3] Furthermore, norbin protein expression is altered in the schizophrenia brain.[4]

Neurochondrin proteins induce hydroxyapatite resorptive activity in bone marrow cells resistant to bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of macrophage- and osteoclast-mediated resorption. Expression of the gene is localised to chondrocyte, osteoblast, and osteocyte in the bone and to the hippocampus and Purkinje cell layer of cerebellum in the brain.[5]

References

  1. "Expression of neurochondrin in the developing and adult mouse brain". Development Genes and Evolution 214 (4): 206–9. Apr 2004. doi:10.1007/s00427-004-0396-2. PMID 15007648. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: NCDN neurochondrin". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=23154. 
  3. "Norbin is an endogenous regulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 signaling". Science 326 (5959): 1554–7. Dec 2009. doi:10.1126/science.1178496. PMID 20007903. Bibcode2009Sci...326.1554W. 
  4. "Alterations of mGluR5 and its endogenous regulators Norbin, Tamalin and Preso1 in schizophrenia: towards a model of mGluR5 dysregulation". Acta Neuropathologica 130 (1): 119–29. Jul 2015. doi:10.1007/s00401-015-1411-6. PMID 25778620. http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1538&context=ihmri. 
  5. "Induction of hydroxyapatite resorptive activity in bone marrow cell populations resistant to bafilomycin A1 by a factor with restricted expression to bone and brain, neurochondrin". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1450 (1): 92–98. 1999. doi:10.1016/s0167-4889(99)00039-7. PMID 10231559. 

Further reading