Biology:Homoscleromorpha
| Homoscleromorpha | |
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| Oscarella lobularis | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | Porifera
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| Class: | Homoscleromorpha
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| Order: | Homosclerophorida Dendy, 1905[1]
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| Families | |
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Homoscleromorpha is a class of marine sponges composed of two families: Plakinidae and Oscarellidae.
Taxonomy
The Homoscleromorpha is phylogenetically well separated from the Demospongiae.[4] Therefore, they have recently been recognized as the fourth class of sponges.[5][6]
On the basis of molecular and morphological evidence, the two families Plakinidae and Oscarellidae have been reinstated.[5]
There are 117 species in this group divided into 9 genera.[6]
The spiculate genera in this group are Aspiculophora, Corticium, Placinolopha, Plakina, Plakinasterella, Plakortis and Tetralophophora.
The aspiculate species are the genera Oscarella and Pseudocorticium.
Description
These sponges are massive or encrusting in form and have a very simple structure with very little variation in spicule form (all spicules tend to be very small). Reproduction is viviparous and the larva is an oval form known as an amphiblastula. This form is usual in calcareous sponges but is less common in other sponges.
References
- ↑ van Soest, R. (2014). "Homosclerophorida". World Porifera database. World Register of Marine Species. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=131601.
- ↑ van Soest, R. (2014). "Plakinidae Schulze, 1880". World Porifera database. World Register of Marine Species. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=131661.
- ↑ van Soest, R. (2014). "Oscarellidae Lendenfeld, 1887". World Porifera database. World Register of Marine Species. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=150263.
- ↑ Kober, K. M.; Nichols, S. A. (December 2007). "On the phylogenetic relationships of hadromerid and poecilosclerid sponges". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK 87 (6). doi:10.1017/S0025315407058237.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Gazave, Eve; Lapébie, Pascal; Renard, Emmanuelle; Vacelet, Jean; Rocher, Caroline; Ereskovsky, Alexander V.; Lavrov, Dennis V.; Borchiellini, Carole (14 December 2010). "Molecular phylogeny restores the supra-generic subdivision of homoscleromorph sponges (porifera, homoscleromorpha)". PLOS ONE 5 (12): e14290. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014290. PMID 21179486.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Gazave, Eve; Lapébie, Pascal; Ereskovsky, Alexander V.; Vacelet, Jean; Renard, Emmanuelle; Cárdenas, Paco; Borchiellini, Carole (May 2012). "No longer Demospongiae: Homoscleromorpha formal nomination as a fourth class of Porifera". Hydrobiologia 687 (1): 3–10. doi:10.1007/s10750-011-0842-x.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q139079 entry
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