Biology:Notocupes

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Short description: Extinct genus of beetles

Notocupes
Temporal range: Ladinian–Turonian
Notocupes habitus.jpg
Various specimens of Notocupes from the Middle Jurassic of China and mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber
Scientific classification e
Missing taxonomy template (fix): Incertae sedis/Archostemata
Genus: †Notocupes
Ponomarenko, 1964
Synonyms
  • Sinocupes Lin, 1976
  • Chengdecupes Hong, 1983
  • ?Conexicoxa Lin, 1986
  • Echinocups Kirejtshuk and Jarzembowski, 2020
  • Amblomma Tan et al., 2005
  • Ovatocupes Tan and Ren, 2006

Notocupes is an extinct genus of medium-sized archostematan beetles from the Mesozoic Era of Eurasia, including over 50 described species. Historically, the genus was classified as a member of the family Ommatidae, but the presence of characters such as the horizontal mandibular cutting edge, separated procoxae and overlapping abdominal sternites indicate that the genus may have a closer affinity with the family Cupedidae.[1] Notocupes is considered to be a junior synonym of Zygadenia by Kirejtshuk (2020),[2] but other researchers suggest to reserve the genus Zygadenia as a form taxon for isolated elytra that probably belong to the genus Notocupes, while retaining Notocupes as a valid genus for complete body fossils.[3][4][5] Most species of Notocupes were described from compression fossils. An additional three species were described from Cenomanian-aged Burmese amber, which were treated as a separate genus, Echinocups, by Kirejtshuk (2020), but Li et al. (2023) consider Echinocups to be a junior synonym of Notocupes.[6] Notocupes has a flattened body, which may suggest that it occupied narrow habitats, such as living under bark. Some species had serrated/spined margins of the carapace, which may have served as a defense against predators, or served as camouflage to resemble bark.[1]

Strelnikova & Yan (2023) advise splitting up the genus Notocupes into four genera: Notocupes, Rhabdocupes, Conexicoxa and the new genus Brachilatus. [7]

Triassic species

Ladinian (242 Ma to ~237 Ma)

Tongchuan Formation, China
  • N. shiluoensis (Hong, 1984) = Chengdecupes shiluoensis

Carnian (237 Ma to 227 Ma)

Koldzat Formation, Kazakhstan
  • N. oxypygus Ponomarenko, 1969
Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan
  • N. laticella Ponomarenko, 1969
  • N. rostratus Ponomarenko, 1969
  • N. tenuis Ponomarenko, 1969

Jurassic species

Hettangian (201.3 Ma to 199.3 Ma)

Dzhil Formation, Kyrgyzstan
  • N. cellulosus Ponomarenko, 1969
  • N. issykkulensis Ponomarenko, 1969
  • N. kirghizicus Ponomarenko, 1969
  • N. latus Ponomarenko, 1969
  • N. sogutensis Ponomarenko, 1969
Guanyintan Formation, China
  • N. homorus (Lin, 1986) = Conexicoxa homora

Toarcian (182.7 Ma to 174.1 Ma)

Guanyintan Formation, China
  • N. lini Ponomarenko et al., 2012
Sulyukta Formation, Kyrgyzstan
  • N. crassus Ponomarenko, 1969

Bajocian (170.3 Ma to 168.3 Ma)

Bakhar Formation, Mongolia
  • N. brachycephalus Ponomarenko, 1994
  • N. exiguus Ponomarenko, 1994
  • N. longicollis Ponomarenko, 1994

Callovian (166.1 Ma to 163.5 Ma)

Haifanggou Formation, China
  • N. daohugouensis Li and Cai in Lin et al., 2023
  • N. dischides Zhang, 1986
  • N. jurassicus (Hong, 1983) = Chengdecupes jurassicus
  • N. pingi Ponomarenko and Ren, 2010
  • N. robustus Li and Cai in Lin et al., 2023
  • N. spinosus Li and Cai in Lin et al., 2023
Tyumen Formation, Russia
  • N. patulus Ponomarenko, 1985

Oxfordian (163.5 Ma to 157.3 Ma)

Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan
  • N. foersteri Ponomarenko, 1971
  • N. lapidarius Ponomarenko, 1968
  • N. nigromonticola Ponomarenko, 1968
  • N. picturatus Ponomarenko, 1964
  • N. pulcher Ponomarenko, 1968

Tithonian (152.1 Ma To 145.0 Ma)

Shar Teeg, Mongolia
  • N. brachycephalus Ponomarenko, 1994
  • N. exiguus Ponomarenko, 1994
Solnhofen, Germany
  • N. reticulatus (Oppenheim, 1888) = Procarabus reticulatus
  • N. tripartitus (Oppenheim, 1888) = Procarabus tripartitus

Cretaceous species

Hauterivian (132.9 Ma to 129.4 Ma)

Dabeigou Formation, China
  • N. lentus (Ren, 1995) = Tetraphalerus lentus

Barremian (129.4 Ma to 125.0 Ma)

Jianshangou Formation, China
  • N. laetus (Lin, 1976)
La Huérguina Formation, Las Hoyas, Spain
  • N. diazromerali (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006) = Zygadenia diazromerali
  • N. longicoxa (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006) = Zygadenia longicoxa
  • N. siniestri (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006) = Zygadenia siniestri
  • N. viridis (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006) = Zygadenia viridis
La Pedrera de Rúbies Formation, Las Hoyas, Spain
  • N. martinclosas (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006) = Zygadenia martinclosas
  • N. oculatus (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006) = Zygadenia oculata
Ulan-Argalant Formation, Mongolia
  • N. mongolicus Ponomarenko, 1994

Aptian (125.0 to ~113.0 Ma)

Argun Formation, Russia
  • N. semen (Ponomarenko, 2000) = Zygadenia semen
  • N. sibiricus (Ponomarenko, 2000) = Zygadenia sibirica
Baojiatun Formation, China
  • N. baojiatunensis (Hong, 1992) = Chengdecupes baojiatunensis
Dzun-Bain Formation, Mongolia
  • N. dundulaensis Ponomarenko, 1994
  • N. elegans Ponomarenko, 1994
Jehol Group, China
  • N. validus (Lin, 1976) = Sinocupes validus
Khasurty Formation, Russia
  • N. khasurtyiensis Strelnikova, 2019
Laiyang Formation, China
  • N. laiyangensis (Hong, 1990) = Forticupes laiyangensis
  • N. ludongensis Wang and Liu, 1996
  • N. tuanwangensis (Hong, 1990) = Picticupes tuanwangensis
Shahai Formation, China
  • N. kezuoensis (Hong, 1987) = Chengdecupes kezuoensis
Yixian Formation, China
  • N. alienus (Tan and Ren, 2006) = Ovatocupes alienus
  • N. cyclodontus (Tan et al., 2006) = Amblomma cyclodonta
  • N. epicharis (Tan et al., 2005) = Amblomma epicharis
  • N. eumeurus (Tan et al., 2006) = Amblomma eumeura
  • N. minisculus (Tan et al., 2006) = Amblomma miniscula
  • N. porrectus (Tan et al., 2006) = Amblomma porrecta
  • N. protensus (Tan et al., 2006) = Amblomma protensa
  • N. psilatus (Tan et al., 2005) = Amblomma psilata
  • N. rudis (Tan et al., 2006) = Amblomma rudis
  • N. stabilis (Tan et al., 2006) = Amblomma stabilis
Zaza Formation, Russia
  • N. caudatus Ponomarenko, 1966
  • N. excellens Ponomarenko, 1966
  • N. vitimensis Ponomarenko, 1966

Albian (~113.0 to 100.5 Ma)

Jinju Formation, South Korea
  • N. premeris Lee et al., 2022

Cenomanian (100.5 to 93.9 Ma)

Burmese amber, Myanmar
  • N. denticollis Jiang et al., 2020 (sometimes placed in separate genus Echinocups)
  • N. neli Tihelka et al., 2019 (sometimes placed in separate genus Echinocups)
  • N. ohmkuhnlei Jarzembowski et al., 2019 (sometimes placed in separate genus Echinocups)

Turonian (93.9 to 89.8 Ma)

Emanra Formation, Russia
  • N. khetanensis Ponomarenko in Cromov et al., 1993
Kzyl-Zhar Locality, Kazakhstan
  • N. caducus Ponomarenko, 1969

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Li, Yan-Da; Tihelka, Erik; Yamamoto, Shûhei; Newton, Alfred F.; Xia, Fang-Yuan; Liu, Ye; Huang, Di-Ying; Cai, Chen-Yang (2023-08-22). "Mesozoic Notocupes revealed as the sister group of Cupedidae (Coleoptera: Archostemata)". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 11. doi:10.3389/fevo.2023.1015627. ISSN 2296-701X. 
  2. ↑ Kirejtshuk, Alexander G. (2020). "Taxonomic Review of Fossil Coleopterous Families (Insecta, Coleoptera). Suborder Archostemata: Superfamilies Coleopseoidea and Cupedoidea". Geosciences 10 (2): 73. doi:10.3390/geosciences10020073. ISSN 2076-3263. Bibcode: 2020Geosc..10...73K. 
  3. ↑ Strelnikova, O.D.; Yan, E.V. (2021). "Redescriptions of beetles of the Notocupes generic complex (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Ommatidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Buryatia". Palaeoentomology 4 (5): 499–514. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.5.15. http://treatment.plazi.org/GgServer/summary/CB3FFFAC9132FFE2183F0445FF8DFF92. 
  4. ↑ Strelnikova, O.D.; Yan, E.V. (2023). "Redescriptions of the Triassic Notocupes beetles (Archostemata: Ommatidae) from Kyrgyzstan and South Kazakhstan". Palaeoentomology 6 (2): 174–190. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.9. https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/summary/4F27FFD5FFA0FFE11A50FF98FFDD191C. 
  5. ↑ Soo Bin Lee; Gi Soo Nam; Yan-Da Li (2022). "A new species of Notocupes (Coleoptera: Archostemata) from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Jinju Formation in South Korea". Cretaceous Research 140: 105357. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105357. Bibcode: 2022CrRes.14005357L. 
  6. ↑ Li, Y.-D.; Tihelka, E.; Newton, A. F.; Huang, D.-Y.; Cai, C.-Y. (2023). "New species of Notocupes (Coleoptera: Archostemata) from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou beds, with discussion on the generic circumscription". Palaeoentomology 6 (4): 398–415. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.4.11. 
  7. ↑ Strelnikova, O.D.; Yan, E.V. (2023). "On splitting of the genus Notocupes (Coleoptera: Archostemata): new data on morphology and taxonomy". Far Eastern Entomologist 488: 1–28. doi:10.25221/fee.488.1. 

Wikidata ☰ Q21215398 entry




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