Biology:Outline of psychiatry

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Short description: Overview of and topical guide to psychiatry

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to psychiatry:

Psychiatry – medical specialty devoted to the study and treatment of mental disorders. These mental disorders include various affective, behavioural, cognitive, and perceptual abnormalities.


What type of thing is psychiatry?

  • Academic discipline – field of study with academic departments, curricula and degrees; national and international societies; and specialized journals.
  • Scientific field (a branch of science) – widely recognized category of specialized expertise within science, and typically embodies its own terminology and nomenclature. Such a field will usually be represented by one or more scientific journals, where peer-reviewed research is published.
    • A natural science – field that seeks to elucidate the rules that govern the natural world using empirical and scientific methods.
    • A biological science – a branch of biology, which is concerned with the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.[1]
    • A behavioural science – a branch of psychology, which is concerned with the study of the emotional and cognitive functions of the mind and brain and of the person in the context of society.
  • A medical specialty – branch of clinical practice, practised by physicians, psychologists, nurses, social workers, etc.

Branches of psychiatry

Subspecialties of psychiatry

  • Addiction psychiatry – focuses on evaluation and treatment of individuals with alcohol, drug, or other substance-related disorders, and of individuals with dual diagnosis of substance-related and other psychiatric disorders.
  • Child and adolescent psychiatry – branch of psychiatry that specialises in work with children, teenagers, and their families.
  • Cross-cultural psychiatry – branch of psychiatry concerned with the cultural and ethnic context of mental disorder and psychiatric services.
  • Emergency psychiatry – clinical application of psychiatry in emergency settings.
  • Forensic psychiatry – interface between law and psychiatry.
  • Geriatric psychiatry – branch of psychiatry dealing with the study, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders in humans with old age.
  • Liaison psychiatry – branch of psychiatry that specializes in the interface between other medical specialties and psychiatry.
  • Military psychiatry – covers special aspects of psychiatry and mental disorders within the military context.
  • Neuropsychiatry – branch of medicine dealing with mental disorders attributable to diseases of the nervous system.
  • Social psychiatry – branch of psychiatry that focuses on the interpersonal and cultural context of mental disorder and mental wellbeing.

Approaches of psychiatry

  • Biological psychiatry – approach to psychiatry that aims to understand mental disorders in terms of the biological function of the nervous system.
  • Community psychiatry – approach that reflects an inclusive public health perspective and is practiced in community mental health services.[2]
  • Global Mental Health – area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving mental health and achieving equity in mental health for all people worldwide.[3]

History of psychiatry

  • History of psychiatry

General psychiatry concepts

Psychiatric practice and standards

Doctor-patient relationship

Nosological system

  • Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
  • International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems

Psychiatric diagnoses

Instruments

Diagnostic practices

Psychiatric treatment

Chemical treatment

Physical treatment

Electroconvulsive therapy

Insulin coma therapy

Psychosurgery

Fever therapy

Psychological treatment

Legal frameworks of psychiatric treatment

Australia

  • Justices examination order
  • Mental Health Review Tribunal of New South Wales

Ireland

  • 1814-1922
    • Criminal Lunatics (Ireland) Act 1838
  • From 1922–present
    • Mental Health Act 2001

Italy

  • Basaglia Law
  • Law 180

U.K.

  • Care in the Community
  • Criminal Lunatics Act 1800
  • Idiots Act 1886
  • Fixated Threat Assessment Centre
  • Lunacy Act 1845
  • Lunacy (Vacating of Seats) Act 1886
  • Madhouses Act 1774
  • Place of safety
England and Wales
Scotland

U.S.A.

Politics of psychiatry

Political movements

Anti-psychiatry movement

  • Anti-psychiatry
People in the anti-psychiatry movement
Anti-psychiatry publications
  • Against Therapy
  • Anti-Oedipus
  • Liberation by Oppression: A Comparative Study of Slavery and Psychiatry
  • Madness and Civilization
Anti-psychiatry organisations
  • American Association for the Abolition of Involuntary Mental Hospitalization

Psychiatric Institutions

General

  • Asylums (book)
  • Psychiatric hospital
    • History of psychiatric institutions
  • Deinstitutionalization
  • Psychiatric reform in Italy
  • Titicut Follies

Australian psychiatric institutions

  • List of Australian psychiatric institutions

Psychiatric organizations

  • American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology
  • American Psychiatric Association
  • American Neuropsychiatric Association
  • Brazilian Association of Psychiatry
  • Canadian Psychiatric Association
  • Chinese Society of Psychiatry
  • Democratic Psychiatry
  • German Society of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Neurology
  • Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists
  • Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia
  • Indian Psychiatric Society
  • Irish College of Psychiatrists
  • Israeli Psychiatric Association
  • Italian Psychiatric Society
  • Japanese Society of Psychiatry & Neurology
  • Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
  • Maryland Psychiatric Society
  • National Institute of Mental Health
  • Pakistan Psychiatric Society
  • Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
  • Royal College of Psychiatrists
  • Singapore Psychiatric Association
  • South African Society of Psychiatrists
  • World Psychiatric Association

Psychiatry publications

Persons influential in psychiatry

Psychiatrists

  • List of psychiatrists

Academic psychiatrists by country

  • Ireland
    • Patricia Casey
    • Anthony Clare

See also

Lists

References

  1. ↑ Based on definition from Aquarena Wetlands Project glossary of terms.
  2. ↑ American Association of Community Psychiatrists About AACP Retrieved on Aug-05-2008
  3. ↑ Patel V., Prince M. (2010). "Global mental health - a new global health field comes of age". JAMA 303 (19): 1976–1977. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.616. PMID 20483977. 

External links



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