Biology:Panaeolus semiovatus var. semiovatus

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Panaeolus semiovatus var. semiovatus
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Bolbitiaceae
Genus: Panaeolus
Species:
P. semiovatus
Variety:
P. s. var. semiovatus
Trinomial name
Panaeolus semiovatus var. semiovatus
Fr. (Lundell)
Synonyms
  • Agaricus ciliaris
  • Agaricus semiovatus
  • Agaricus separatus
  • Anellaria semiovata
  • Anellaria separata
  • Panaeolus semiovatus
  • Panaeolus separatus
Panaeolus semiovatus var. semiovatus
View the Mycomorphbox template that generates the following list
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Mycological characteristics
gills on hymenium
cap is convex
hymenium is adnexed
stipe has a ring
spore print is black
ecology is saprotrophic
edibility: inedible

Panaeolus semiovatus var. semiovatus, also known as P. semiovatus and Anellaria separata, and commonly known as the ringed panaeolus,[1][lower-alpha 1] is a medium-sized buff-colored mushroom with black spores that grows on dung.

Description

The cap is up to 9 centimetres (3 1⁄2 in) across, light tan then buff to whitish. It is oval then conical or parabolic.[1] It is sticky when wet and often wrinkles when dry. The stem is up to 18 cm (7 in) long and 12 mm thick,[1] solid and smooth, with an annulus (ring) that is white, but often blackened by falling spores. The gills are adnexed, being wider in the middle, and narrowing at both ends; they are brown to black. The flesh is white, or straw-colored.[2][3] The spore print is black.[1]

  • Wild Panaeolus semiovatus var. semiovatus
    Wild Panaeolus semiovatus var. semiovatus
  • P. semiovatus var. semiovatus on horse manure
    P. semiovatus var. semiovatus on horse manure
  • Close up of cap and gills with black spores
    Close up of cap and gills with black spores

Similar species

The very similar P. semiovatus var. phalaenarum (Fr.) Ew. Gerhardt. 1996 syn. P. phalaenarum (Bull.) Quel. is more slender (cap 2–4 cm) and lacks the ring.[4]

Habitat and distribution

The species grows on horse dung.[1] It is widely distributed and is present in many temperate zones of the world.

Edibility

Though nonpoisonous,[5] it is generally regarded as inedible and possessing a rather abysmal taste.[6] It has been unreliably rumored to contain the indole alkaloid psilocybin.[1] Some people experience gastric upset after consumption.

See also

References

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Other common names include shiny mottlegill, common fungus of the feces variety, and egghead mottlegill.[citation needed]

Citations

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Arora, David (1986). Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press. pp. 355. ISBN 978-0-89815-170-1. https://archive.org/details/arora-david-mushrooms-demystified-a-comprehensive-guide-to-the-fleshy-fungi-ten-speed-press-1986/page/355/mode/2up. 
  2. ↑ Roger Phillips (2006). Mushrooms. Pan MacMillan. ISBN 0-330-44237-6. 
  3. ↑ Thomas Laessoe (1998). Mushrooms (flexi bound). Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 0-7513-1070-0. 
  4. ↑ Marcel Bon (1987). The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North Western Europe. Hodder and Stoughton. ISBN 0-340-39935-X. 
  5. ↑ Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi. Guilford, CN: FalconGuide. pp. 234. ISBN 978-0-7627-3109-1. 
  6. ↑ Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 236. ISBN 978-1-55407-651-2. 

Further reading

  • Stamets, Paul (1996). Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World. Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. ISBN 0-9610798-0-0. 

Wikidata ☰ Q1314991 entry



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