Biology:Phintella pygmaea

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Short description: Species of spider

Phintella pygmaea
Phintella.versicolor.male.png
The related male Phintella versicolor
Scientific classification edit
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Salticidae
Subfamily: Salticinae
Genus: Phintella
Species:
P. pygmaea
Binomial name
Phintella pygmaea
Wesołowska, 1981

Phintella pygmaea is an endemic species of jumping spider in the genus Phintella that lives in China. It was first described in 1981 by Wanda Wesołowska from a holotype discovered in Guangdong. Only the female has been identified. The spider is small, with a brown cephalothorax and yellow abdomen. It has distinctive half-crescent markings on the cephalothorax and a ridge marked by two depressions on the small epigyne.

Taxonomy

Euophrys pygmaea is a species of jumping spider that was first described in 1981 by Wanda Wesołowska.[1] It was one of over 500 species identified by the Polish arahcnologist during her career.[2] The species name is derived from the Latin word for dwarf. The genus, Euophrys was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1834.[3] The name derives from two Greek words, meaning good and eyelids.[4]

In 2000, the species was moved to the genus Phintella by Dmitri V. Logunov and Yu M. Marusik based the appearance of the female holotype.[5] This genus had been raised in 1906 by Embrik Strand and W. Bösenberg. The genus name derives from the genus Phintia, which it resembles.[6] The genus Phintia was itself renamed Phintodes, which was subsequently absorbed into Tylogonus.[7] There are similarities between spiders within genus Phintella and those in Chira, Chrysilla, Euophrys, Icius, Jotus and Telamonia.[8] Genetic analysis confirms that it is related to the genera Helvetia and Menemerus and is classified in the tribe Chrysillini.[9][10] There is some uncertainty about the exact taxonomy of the species as only one example has been identified.[11]

Description

Only the female has yet been identified.[1] The spider was initially described based on a holotype specimen found in 1965. The spider is small, with a brown oval cephalothorax that measures 1.69 mm (0.067 in) in length. It has two distinctive lighter markings behind the eye field that are shaped like half crescents.[12] The eye field itself is black. The abdomen is pale yellow, although slight traces of brown belts may be seen, and is 1.75 mm (0.069 in) long. The spider has a very small epigyne which has a ridge lined by two depressions.[13][14]

Distribution

Phintella pygmaea was first found in the Guangdong in China.[12] The species is endemic to the country.[1]

References

Citations

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 World Spider Catalog (2017). "Phintella pygmaea (Wesolowska, 1981)". Natural History Museum. http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/species/31941. Retrieved 23 April 2017. 
  2. Wiśniewski 2020, p. 6.
  3. Zha, Jin & Zhang 2014, p. 368.
  4. Fernández-Rubio 2013, p. 127.
  5. Logunov & Marusik 2000, p. 268.
  6. Bösenberg & Strand 1906, p. 333.
  7. Cameron & Wijesinghe 1993, p. 16.
  8. Prószyński 1983, p. 43.
  9. Maddison & Hedin 2003, p. 541.
  10. Maddison 2015, p. 231.
  11. Logunov & Marusik 2000, p. 269.
  12. 12.0 12.1 Wesołowska 1981, p. 49.
  13. Wesołowska 1981, p. 50.
  14. Peng 2020, p. 306.

Bibliography

  • Bösenberg, W.; Strand, Embrik (1906). "Japanische Spinnen". Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 30: 93–422. 
  • Cameron, H. D.; Wijesinghe, D. P. (1993). "Simon's Keys to the Salticid Groups". Peckhamia 3 (1): 1–26. 
  • Fernández-Rubio, Fidel (2013). "La etimología de los nombres de las arañas (Araneae)" (in ES). Revista ibérica de Aracnología (22): 125–130. ISSN 1576-9518. 
  • Logunov, Dmitri V.; Marusik, Yu M. (2000). "Miscellaneous notes on Palaearctic Salticidae (Arachnidaa: Aranei)". Arthropoda Selecta 8 (4): 263–292. 
  • Maddison, Wayne P.; Hedin, Marshal C. (2003). "Jumping spider phylogeny (Araneae: Salticidae)". Invertebrate Systematics 17 (4): 529–549. 
  • Maddison, Wayne P. (2015). "A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)". The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231–292. doi:10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292. 
  • Peng, Xianjin (2020) (in ZH). 中固功物志: 元香椎劫物第五十三卷: 蛛形鋼 蜘蛛目 跳蛛科. Beijing: Science Press. ISBN 978-7-03063-853-3. 
  • Prószyński, Jerzy (1983). "Position of genus Phintella (Araneae: Salticidae)". Acta Arachnologica 31 (2): 43–48. 
  • Wesołowska, W. (1981). "Salticidae (Aranei) from North Korea, China and Mongolia". Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 36: 45–83. 
  • Wiśniewski, Konrad (2020). "Over 40 years with jumping spiders: on the 70th birthday of Wanda Wesołowska". Zootaxa 4899 (1): 5–14. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4899.1.3. 
  • Zha, Shanjie; Jin, Chi; Zhang, Feng (2014). "The first description of the male Euophrys atrata and E. bulbus from southern China (Araneae: Salticidae)". Zootaxa 3779 (3): 368–374. 

Wikidata ☰ Q2162915 entry