Chemistry:Ethylene thiourea
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Imidazolidine-2-thione | |
| Other names
1,3-Ethylene-2-thiourea, N,N-Ethylenethiourea
| |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
|
|
| ChemSpider | |
PubChem CID
|
|
| UNII | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C3H6N2S | |
| Molar mass | 102.16 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Faint, amine-like |
| Melting point | 203 °C (397 °F; 476 K) |
| Boiling point | 347.18 °C (656.92 °F; 620.33 K) |
| 2% (30 °C)[1] | |
| Vapor pressure | 16 mmHg (20 °C)[1] |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | combustible[1] |
| Flash point | 252.2 °C (486.0 °F; 525.3 K) |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose)
|
1832 mg/kg (oral, rat)[2] |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible)
|
none[1] |
REL (Recommended)
|
Ca Use encapsulated form.[1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger)
|
Ca [N.D.][1] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Ethylene thiourea (ETU) is an organosulfur compound with the formula C
3H
6N
2S. It is an example of an N,N-disubstituted thiourea. It is a white solid. It is synthesized by treating ethylenediamine with carbon disulfide.[3]
Ethylene thioureas are an excellent accelerant of vulcanization of neoprene rubbers. In commercial use is the N,N'-diphenylethylenethiourea. Due to reproductive toxicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity, alternatives are being sought to the ethylenethioureas. One candidate replacement is N-methyl-2-thiazolidinethione.[4]
Ethylene thiourea can be used as a biomarker of exposure to ethylenebisdithiocarbamates (EBDTCs), which are frequently employed as fungicides in agriculture, mainly on fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants.[5]
EPA classification
EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) has classified ethylene thiourea as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen.[6] Ethylene thiourea has been shown to be a potent teratogen (causes birth defects) in rats orally or dermally exposed.
See also
- Mercaptobenzothiazole - a cyclic dithiocarbamate also used as a vulcanization accelerant
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0276". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0276.html.
- ↑ https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/96-45-7 [|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
- ↑ C. F. H. Allen; C. O. Edens; James VanAllan. "Ethylene Thiourea". Organic Syntheses. http://www.orgsyn.org/demo.aspx?prep=cv3p0394.; Collective Volume, 3, pp. 394
- ↑ Rüdiger Schubart (2000). Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a09_001. ISBN 3527306730.
- ↑ Martínez Vidal, José L.; Frenich, Antonia Garrido (2005). Pesticide Protocols. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 79. ISBN 9781592599295. https://archive.org/details/truespeed00tony. "ethylene thiourea."
- ↑ "Ethylene Thiourea". January 2000. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/ethylene-thiourea.pdf.
 |  |
