Engineering:INS Arisudan

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Short description: Arihant-class nuclear submarine

A conceptual drawing representing the Arihant Stretch design
History
India
NameINS Arisudan
BuilderShipbuilding Centre (SBC), Visakhapatnam, India[1]
Laid down2018[2]
Launched16 October 2024[3]
StatusSea trials underway
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General characteristics
Class & typeArihant-class submarine
TypeNuclear ballistic missile submarine
Displacement7,000 tonnes
Length130 m
Beam11 m
Draft9.5 m
Installed power1 x CLWR-B1 Compact Light-water reactor,[4][5] 83 MW[6]
Propulsion1 × propeller shaft, nuclear propulsion
SpeedSurfaced: 12–15 knots (22–28 km/h) Submerged: 24 knots (44 km/h)
RangeUnlimited except by food supplies
EnduranceUnlimited except by food supply and maintenance
Test depthBetween 300 m (980 ft) to 400 m (1,300 ft)
Sensors &
processing systems
  • USHUS sonar
  • Panchendriya unified submarine sonar, control system and underwater communication system[7]
Armament
  • 6 × 21" (533 mm) torpedo tubes – est 30 charges (torpedoes, cruise missiles or mines)[8]
  • 8 VLS cells for either
    • 24 K-15 Sagarika SLBM
    • 8 K-4 SLBM
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INS Arisudan (SSBN 83) (lit. Slayer of foes) is a nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, and the fourth and final Arihant-class submarine of the Indian Navy. It is designated S4* Strategic Strike Nuclear Submarine. The 7,000-tonne vessel was built under the Advanced Technology Vessel (ATV) project at the Ship Building Centre in the port city of Visakhapatnam. It is an upgraded variant of the Arihant-class submarine.[9][10]

Description

The boat will have one seven-blade propeller powered by a Compact Light Water Reactor (CLWR). It can achieve a maximum speed of 12–15 knots (22–28 km/h) when on surface and 24 knots (44 km/h) when submerged.[11][12][13] The CLWR is an upgraded form of the one that powers INS Arihant. The CLWR has exceptionally lower acoustic signature than the previous generation making it harder to detect by enemy vessels along with longer endurance.[14]

The submarine has eight VLS tubes in its hump, as compared to four on her predecessors— She can carry up to 24 K-15 Sagarika missiles (each with a range of 750 km or 470 mi), eight K-4 missiles (with a range of 3,500 km or 2,200 mi) or K-5 missiles (with range of 6,000 km or 3,700 mi).[6][15][16]

Construction

Around 2012, the S5 submarine project to succeed and supplement the first three Arihant class submarines remained in the developmental stage. Hence, another Arihant-class submarine was cleared for production as a stopgap measure[17] to avoid idling of the production line.

The newly designated S4* submarine will be fourth and final submarine of the class, with an indigenous content of over 80%[17] and equipped with K4 missiles, was thereafter launched on 16 October 2024.[18] By December 2025, the submarine entered sea trials. During the fourth week of the month, the vessel sailed out from her berth at the Shipbuilding Centre.[17][19]

Naming

The submarine was designated as S4*, as it was an follow on order to the previous class and will be built before the tentative S5 class submarines.[20][21] The new unit designated as S4* would feature the stretched configuration of the third submarine of the class, INS Aridhaman.[22] S4* could be commisioned in late 2027 and would enable Countinnues at-sea deterrance. The submarine may also take upp the pennent number S76. The submarine will be initially homeported in Visakapatnam before moving to INS Varsha.[23]

It was also reported in January 2026, that the final submarine, so far referred to as S4*, will be named INS Arisudan upon entry into service. The name has been proposed by the ship-naming committee of the Indian Navy and is yet to be receive clearance by the defence ministry and eventually, the President of India, who is also the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces.[24][25][26]

See also

  • Future of the Indian Navy
  • K Missile family

References

  1. ↑ S. Anandan (14 January 2012). "Second nuclear submarine headed for year-end launch". The Hindu. http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/second-nuclear-submarine-headed-for-yearend-launch/article2798864.ece. 
  2. ↑ "A bigger nuclear submarine is coming". The Hindu. 2017. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/a-bigger-nuclear-submarine-is-coming/article19862549.ece. 
  3. ↑ https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/indias-fourth-nuclear-submarine-launched-into-water/article68783731.ece
  4. ↑ "Founder's Day Speech, Director, BARC". Bhabha Atomic Research Centre. 30 October 2018. http://www.barc.gov.in/presentations/fddir18.pdf. 
  5. ↑ "DAE Excellence in Science, Engineering & Technology Awards 2010". BARC Newsletter (322): 33. September–October 2011. http://www.barc.gov.in/publications/nl/2011/2011091009.pdf. Retrieved 21 March 2021. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "A peek into India's top secret and costliest defence project, nuclear submarines". India Today. 7 December 2017. https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/the-big-story/story/20171218-india-ballistic-missile-submarine-k-6-submarine-launched-drdo-1102085-2017-12-10. 
  7. ↑ "Retrieved on 2016-10-21.". http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/arihant-class/. 
  8. ↑ Pike, John (27 July 2009). "Advanced Technology Vessel (ATV)". globalsecurity.org. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/atv-specs.htm. 
  9. ↑ "Needed, a nuclear triad". Sunday-guardian.com. http://www.sunday-guardian.com/analysis/needed-a-nuclear-triad. 
  10. ↑ "India To Construct Two More Arihant Nuclear Submarines For Navy". Defence Now. 28 February 2012. http://www.defencenow.com/news/551/india-to-construct-two-more-arihant-nuclear-submarines-for-navy.html. 
  11. ↑ "SSBN Arihant Class Submarine, India". naval-technology.com. http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/arihant-class/. 
  12. ↑ "INS Arighaat: How a second nuclear submarine boosts India’s strategic reach" (in en). 31 August 2024. https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/ins-arighaat-how-a-second-nuclear-submarine-boosts-indias-strategic-reach-2591300-2024-08-31. 
  13. ↑ "India to commission second Arihant-class submarine in 2021" (in en). 22 December 2020. https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/india-to-commission-second-arihant-class-submarine-in-2021. 
  14. ↑ "How Refined 83 MW PWR on INS Arighat Boosts its Stealth and Endurance Compared to INS Arihant" (in en-US). 8 September 2024. https://defence.in/threads/how-refined-83-mw-pwr-on-ins-arighat-boosts-its-stealth-and-endurance-compared-to-ins-arihant.9797/. 
  15. ↑ "INS Arihant returned yesterday from 20-day deterrent patrol" (in en). 5 November 2018. https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/ins-arihant-returned-yesterday-from-20-day-deterrent-patrol-1383188-2018-11-05. 
  16. ↑ "'Nuclear-capable ballistic missile tested from INS Arighaat'". The Times of India. 2024-11-28. ISSN 0971-8257. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nuclear-capable-ballistic-missile-tested-from-ins-arighaat/articleshow/115747030.cms. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 "CHAKRA EXCLUSIVE: India's fourth SSBN sails out for sea trials" (in en). 2025-12-29. https://chakranewz.com/critical-technologies/trending/chakra-exclusive-india-rsquo-s-fourth-ssbn-sails-out-for-sea-trials. 
  18. ↑ Gupta, Shishir (22 October 2024). "India Launches 4th nuclear-missile submarine". Hindustan Times. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-launches-4th-nuclear-missile-submarine-101729560730642.html. 
  19. ↑ Militar, Redaccion Zona (2025-12-30). "India is reported to have begun sea trials of the fourth of its new Arihant-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines" (in en-US). https://www.zona-militar.com/en/2025/12/30/india-is-reported-to-have-begun-sea-trials-of-the-fourth-of-its-new-arihant-class-nuclear-powered-ballistic-missile-submarines/. 
  20. ↑ "INS Arighaat: How India’s 2nd nuclear submarine is major defence boost | 5 points" (in en). 2024-08-29. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/ins-arighaat-how-india-s-2nd-nuclear-submarine-is-major-defence-boost-explained-101724938709013.html. 
  21. ↑ Bhattacharjee, Sumit (2026-04-03). "INS Aridhaman, nuclear-powered submarine, enters India’s naval fleet" (in en-IN). The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/indias-new-nuclear-powered-submarine-ins-aridhaman-commissioned/article70819744.ece. 
  22. ↑ Unnithan, Sandeep (7 December 2017). "A peek into India's top secret and costliest defence project, nuclear submarines". India Today. https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/the-big-story/story/20171218-india-ballistic-missile-submarine-k-6-submarine-launched-drdo-1102085-2017-12-10. 
  23. ↑ https://www.iiss.org/online-analysis/military-balance/2026/05/deepening-deterrence-indias-expanding-ssbn-capability/
  24. ↑ "Arihant class nuclear-powered submarine S4* likely to be named INS Arisudan" (in en). 2026-01-05. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/arihant-class-nuclear-powered-submarine-s4-likely-to-be-named-ins-arisudan-101767555406284.html. 
  25. ↑ https://drdo.gov.in/drdo/sites/default/files/drdo_news/NPC03to05Jan2025.pdf
  26. ↑ Bedi, Rahul. "India Builds Nuclear-Powered Submarines with Ease, but Stalls on Less Complex Fleet" (in en). https://thewire.in/security/india-builds-nuclear-powered-submarines-with-ease-but-stalls-on-less-complex-fleet. 



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