Engineering:Rivian R1T

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Short description: Battery electric mid-size pickup truck
Rivian R1T
2022 Rivian R1T (in Glacier White), front 6.21.22.jpg
Rivian R1T
Overview
ManufacturerRivian
Production2021–present
Model years2022–present
AssemblyNormal, Illinois (Rivian Automotive LLC)
Body and chassis
ClassMid-size luxury pickup truck
Body style4-door crew cab
Layout
RelatedRivian R1S
Powertrain
Electric motorAC permanent magnet Motors
Power output
  • 533 hp (397 kW) - Dual-Motor
  • 665 hp (496 kW) - Dual Motor Performance
  • 835 hp (623 kW) - Quad Motor
TransmissionSingle-speed
Battery105, 135 or 149 kWh Li-ion pack
Electric range
  • 105 kWh - up to 231 mi (372 km)  EPA
  • 135 kWh - up to 314 mi (505 km) [1]
  • 149 kWh - up to 401 mi (645 km) [2]
Plug-in charging
  • DC: 210 kW, 400 V (135 kWh)
  • AC: 1.44 kW, 120V or 11.52 kW, 240 V[3][4]
Dimensions
Wheelbase135.9 in (3,452 mm)
Length217.1 in (5,514 mm)
Width81.8 in (2,078 mm) (mirrors folded)
Height75.7 in (1,923 mm)[note 1]
us|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight6,949 lb (3,152 kg)[note 2][5]

The Rivian R1T is a battery electric mid-size[6] light duty luxury pickup truck produced by the American company Rivian.[7] The first production R1T was manufactured in Illinois and was delivered to a customer in September 2021.[8][7] The official EPA range for the Rivian R1T (MY 2022–2023) ranges from 289–352 mi (465–566 km), depending on drivetrain, battery pack capacity and wheel size.[9]

History

First production Rivian R1T rolls off the Normal, Illinois assembly line, September 2021.

Rivian unveiled the upcoming truck under the working name A1T in May 2018[10] but rebadged the vehicle in November 2018 as the R1T.[11] Designed to be off-road capable, the 2018 concept design was planned to have 14 in (360 mm) of ground clearance, feature an 800 hp (600 kW) electric motor, with the most expensive models being designed to achieve approximately 450 miles (720 km) on a charge.[10] The company claimed that early prototype testing showed the truck to be able to accelerate from 0–60 mph (97 km/h) in under 3.3 seconds, wade through 3 ft 7 in (1.1 m) of water and climb a 45 degree incline.[10] These design objectives were largely achieved in the 2021 production vehicle release.[12] Rivian said[when?] it was designing the vehicles to facilitate "car-sharing" with their autonomous features.[13][14]

In 2018, Rivian stated it intended to license its electric chassis to other manufacturers as a design base for machinery such as cars and other components.[15][16] As of 2018, Rivian stated it planned to begin production of the R1T in 2020.[15]

In September 2021, the first customer vehicle rolled off the production line and was delivered to a customer.[8][7] Rivian began delivering the first R1T trucks to customers in October 2021.[17]

Design and specifications

Rivian R1T Launch Edition, rear view

As initially delivered in 2021, the Rivian R1T is an all-electric, battery-powered, individual wheel drive light duty pickup truck.[18][19]

Drivetrain

Quad-Motor

The initial version of the R1T features four electric motors, one on each wheel, that combine to produce 835 hp (623 kW) and deliver 908 ft⋅lb (1,231 N⋅m) of torque.[20] Each motor is an AC permanent magnet motor[21] designed by Robert Bosch GmbH and produced by Rivian under license.[22][23] The front two motors produce 415 hp (309 kW) and 413 ft⋅lb (560 N⋅m) of torque while the rear two motors produce 420 hp (310 kW) and 495 ft⋅lb (671 N⋅m) of torque.[24] The four motors are carried near the centerline of the chassis and use direct-drive transaxles to each wheel;[25] the quad-motor setup allows the use of a torque vectoring wheel control system, which senses slip on each wheel with millisecond granularity and responds by "distribut[ing] the proper amount of power to each wheel, precisely as needed."[21]

Dual-Motor

In March 2022, Rivian announced it would develop and sell a dual-motor powertrain for the R1T, with one electric motor for each axle. The price of the dual-motor (DM) version would start around the same initial price at which the quad-motor (QM) version was offered, while the QM version would increase in price by almost 20%. The output of the DM version was expected to be more than 600 hp (450 kW) and 600 lb⋅ft (810 N⋅m) of torque,[26] but was later published by Rivian at 533 hp (397 kW) and 610 lb⋅ft (830 N⋅m) of torque.[27] The largest ("Max") battery was removed as an option for the QM version in December, limiting availability to DM versions only.[28] The "Enduro" traction motors for the DM versions were developed by Rivian in-house and reduce the number of semiconductors used compared to the QM, alleviating a key component supply restraint;[29] production began in February 2023,[22] although most of the initial production were diverted to Rivian EDVs.

In April 2023, Rivian introduced a "Performance Dual-Motor" option (PDM), which uses software to unlock enhanced performance from the DM motors. With the PDM option, the R1T will produce approximately 700 hp (520 kW) and 700 lb⋅ft (950 N⋅m) of torque.[30] As tested by Motor Trend, each PDM traction motor has a maximum output of 350 hp (260 kW) and 428 lb⋅ft (580 N⋅m); combined output is slightly less than double, at 665 hp (496 kW) and 829 lb⋅ft (1,124 N⋅m). Externally, the PDM (silver accented badging, black brake calipers) can be distinguished from the QM (yellow accented badging and yellow brake calipers).[31]

The first R1T DM was completed on May 25, 2023, with deliveries to commence in June.[32]

R1T configurations[33][34][35][36]
Motors
Battery
(kW-hr)
[wheel]
 Dual-Motor (DM) Performance Dual-Motor (PDM) Quad-Motor (QM)
Output
533 hp (397 kW) & 610 lb⋅ft (827 N⋅m)[37] 665 hp (496 kW) & 829 lb⋅ft (1,124 N⋅m)[38] 835 hp (623 kW) & 908 lb⋅ft (1,231 N⋅m)[39]
Range
Standard (105) [21"] 270 mi (430 km) N/A
[22"] not yet available
Large (135) [21"] 350 mi (560 km) 328 mi (528 km)
[22"] 320 mi (510 km) 303 mi (488 km)
[20"AT] 300 mi (480 km) 274 mi (441 km)
Max (149) [21"] 410 mi (660 km) N/A
[22"] 380 mi (610 km)
[20"AT] 355 mi (571 km)
 

Storage batteries

The Rivian R1T was initially offered with three different batteries sized 105 kWh ("Standard"), 135 kWh ("Large"), and 180 kWh ("Max") of energy storage.[12] Rivian R1T has an estimated range of 230 mi (370 km) with the smallest battery, 314 mi (505 km) for the medium battery, and over 400 mi (640 km) for the largest battery.[19] Additional batteries can be mounted in the R1T's bed for improved range. Those backup/auxiliary batteries can be charged by another R1T, if no charging infrastructure is available.[40]

The "Large" battery pack consists of 7,776 cells (2170 type[21]) in a nine-module assembly for the 135 kWh battery pack.[19] The Li-ion[20] cells are manufactured by Samsung; battery pack is assembled by Rivian in Normal, Illinois.[41] A flashlight is available on the driver-side door containing a Li-ion cell identical to the cells used in the main battery, bringing the total cell count in the vehicle to 7,777.[42]

The "Standard" battery pack will use LiFePO4 chemistry, which eliminates the use of nickel and cobalt, reducing costs.[43] R1T vehicles with "Standard" batteries are expected to ship in 2023.[44]

Efficiency and range

The U.S. EPA rates the 2022 model year R1T QM at 70 mpg‑e (49 kW⋅h/100 mi) for the combined city/highway driving cycle, tying it with the Ford F-150 Lightning as the most efficient "Standard Pickup Truck" sold for that model year. City economy is slightly better at 74 mpg‑e (46 kW⋅h/100 mi) than the rated highway economy of 66 mpg‑e (52 kW⋅h/100 mi).[45] According to Car and Driver magazine, the real world range with the "Large" 129 kWh battery ranges from 220 to 280 miles (355 to 450 km) highway driving, depending on tire choice.[46] Wheel size also affects estimated range.[36]

Regenerative braking is possible at up to 0.21 g, which charges the battery with energy dissipated during braking.[41] The R1T can charge at up to 225 kW and supports Plug&Charge.[41]

Chassis

The chassis includes braking, suspension, and cooling systems with a battery in the center.[47] Rivian's relatively flat, low center of gravity chassis is a typical electric vehicle skateboard,[48] which enables straightforward modification by the manufacturer for other body types.[49][47] The suspension uses a "sophisticated suspension architecture" with dynamic roll control.[21] The air suspension allows adjustment of the ride height through a range of 6.5 in (170 mm), giving the R1T a variable ground clearance of 7.9–14.4 in (200–370 mm). Adaptive dampers are used for all four wheels; the front uses unequal-length double-wishbone suspension while the rear uses a multi-link suspension.

The front-to-rear weight distribution is 51/49.[19] Overall, the vehicle is 217.1 in (5.51 m) long, 81.8 in (2.08 m) wide (with mirrors folded), and 72.1–78.3 in (1.83–1.99 m) tall.[20] The gross vehicle weight rating is 8,532 lb (3,870 kg) when carrying its maximum load of 1,700 lb (770 kg) (driver + cargo + passengers).[20] The coefficient of drag is 0.30.[50]

Rivian has applied for a patent on a novel tight-turning technique where differential motor torque between the turned front wheels and back wheels is applied.[51] Previously referred to as "Tank Turn" mode, the software to support the feature was not ready and so it was not included with the initial production trucks in late 2021.[21] In June 2023, Rivian announced it would not release the feature, as using it could damage roadways and surfaces.[52]

Performance

The R1T QM has a tested acceleration time of 3.0 seconds from 0 to 60 mph (97 km/h).[12][53] Top speed is 110 mph (180 km/h).[54]

Interior features

The R1T has four electrical outlets: dual 15A/120V AC outlets in the cargo bed; single 15A/120V AC outlet in the frunk and another in the gear tunnel.[20]

The interior display size is 12 in (30 cm) for the driver's instrument cluster plus a 15 in (38 cm) combined display to control infotainment, navigation, climate, comfort functions in the center of dashboard.[54]

Storage and towing

  • Rivian R1T storage and interior

  • Storage space underneath the cargo bed

  • The Gear Tunnel runs the full width of the vehicle behind the rear seating row, providing additional storage space

  • The "frunk" (front trunk)

  • Scaringe demonstrates the Gear Tunnel door strength

  • Interior and dashboard

  • Second row seating

The cargo bed is 4.5 ft (1.4 m) long. Its width at the narrowest point, between the wheel wells, is 50 in (1.3 m).[55] Towing capacity is 11,000 lb (4,990 kg), as tested in conditions exceeding 100 °F (38 °C) on a desert road that is specified by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) as the standard for determining a vehicle's tow rating.[56][57] The Class V tow hitch is hidden behind a removable panel.[55]

The "frunk" — located where the engine would be in an internal-combustion-engine-powered truck — offers 11 cu ft (311 L) of additional cargo space, and contains 12 V DC outlets, a 15A/120V AC outlet, and a drain.[20]

Another storage compartment is the 11.6 cu ft (328 L)[21] 65 in (1.7 m)-long Gear Tunnel, which runs the width of the truck and can be used for storing sports equipment[55] or a number of available accessories.[58] It also has a 12 V DC outlet and a 15A/120V AC outlet.[20]

Off-road driving and overlanding

Suspension lowered for street use

The vehicle has an air suspension which allows for 6.5 inches (165 mm) of vertical travel — the ground clearance can be as low as 7.9 inches (201 mm) or as high as 14.4 inches (366 mm).[54] Depending on the wheel configuration, the maximum ground clearance can be even higher, at 14.9 inches (378 mm).[54] Maximum wading depth in water is 43.1 inches (1,095 mm).[59] Approach, departure, breakover angles are 35.5, 30 and 26.4 degrees respectively.[60] Custom made Pirelli 275/65 R20 all-terrain tires are available as an option.[61]

Custom drive modes—which adjust the suspension, ride-height, throttle and steering—include "All-Purpose, Sport, Conserve, Tow and Off-Road", plus sub modes for off-road that include "Rock Crawl, Soft Sand and Rally."[54][62]

Rivian is offering vehicle options for off roading: a reinforced underbody shield with tow hooks,[54] a "camp kitchen"—two induction cooking elements (1440W each, Dometic CI20), a sink, plus 30 pieces of outdoor cooking/dining equipment—that collapses into the R1T gear tunnel,[58] as well as a roof-top tent for three.[54] A winch is available as an option and can be controlled via Rivian's iOS app.[63]

Hands-free driving

It is equipped with 11 cameras, 12 ultrasonic sensors, and 5 radar sensors which will be used in Rivian's suite of advanced driver assistance systems.[19]

R1T has safety and driver assistance package called the Driver+. On selected highways the truck is capable of self-steering and controlling speed following the instructions of the driver similar to Tesla's AutoPilot. During hands-free driving the driver has to keep their eyes on road and Rivian R1T has cameras inside the cabin to monitor the driver's activity.[64][65][66] The hands-free feature works well in straight roads but needs driver's input when taking corners.[67]

Awards

The Rivian R1T was awarded the 2022 Truck of the Year by Motor Trend.[68]

See also

  • Rivian R1S, an electric SUV sharing most of its components with the R1T

Notes

  1. ↑ With antenna.
  2. ↑ On-road package, 135 kWh pack, no spare

References

  1. ↑ "2022 Rivian R1T". https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/Find.do?action=sbs&id=44462. 
  2. ↑ "Rivian R1T 180 kWh specs, price, photos, offers and incentives". EVcompare.io. US. https://evcompare.io/cars/rivian/rivian_r1t_180_kwh/. 
  3. ↑ "EPA Rivian Application for Certification". https://dis.epa.gov/otaqpub/display_file.jsp?docid=53765&flag=1. 
  4. ↑ "Rivian R1T Full Charging Curve, Cost, & Analysis - Large Pack 135kWh - YouTube". 2022-04-23. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAZKJ8capN8. 
  5. ↑ Anderson, Brad (14 December 2021). "Rivian R1T And R1S Lack Heat Pump, Can Charge At Up To 210 kW". https://www.carscoops.com/2021/12/rivian-r1t-and-r1s-lack-heat-pump-can-charge-at-up-to-210-kw/. 
  6. ↑ "Here's How Big the 2022 Rivian R1T Adventure Truck Actually is". 10 May 2021. https://www.thedrive.com/news/40527/heres-how-big-the-2022-rivian-r1t-adventure-truck-actually-is. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Kane, Mark (14 September 2021). "First Production Rivian R1T Rolls Off Assembly Line". Inside EVs. https://insideevs.com/news/533085/first-rivian-r1t-assembly-line/. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Channick, Robert (15 September 2021). "EV truck startup Rivian launches production in Normal". Chicago Tribune. https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-biz-rivian-production-launch-ev-truck-manufacturer-20210915-mu4eanomhfgkdcnrklimc7kw2q-story.html. 
  9. ↑ "2022-2023 Rivian R1T". https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/PowerSearch.do?action=PowerSearch&year1=2022&year2=2024&cbmkRivian=Rivian&cbmcpickupTrucks=Pickup+Trucks&minmsrpsel=0&maxmsrpsel=0&city=0&highway=0&combined=0&YearSel=2022-2024&MakeSel=Rivian&MarClassSel=Pickup+Trucks&FuelTypeSel=&VehTypeSel=&TranySel=&DriveTypeSel=&CylindersSel=&MpgSel=000&sortBy=Comb&Units=&url=SearchServlet&opt=new&minmsrp=0&maxmsrp=0&minmpg=0&maxmpg=0&sCharge=&tCharge=&startstop=&cylDeact=&rowLimit=50. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Inside the automotive startup taking EVs off-road". Engadget. 21 May 2018. https://www.engadget.com/2018/05/21/rivian-ev-truck-suv-detroit/. 
  11. ↑ "Rivian releases debut video of R1T Electric Adventure Vehicle". Rivian (Press release). Archived from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2018.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Lin, Kelly (2021-09-10). "2022 Rivian R1Tk". Motor Trend. https://www.motortrend.com/cars/rivian/r1t/. 
  13. ↑ Denham, Ryan (12 December 2017). "Investor Joins Rivian As Electric Automaker Staffs Up". https://www.wglt.org/post/investor-joins-rivian-electric-automaker-staffs. 
  14. ↑ "2023 Rivian R1T Review, Pricing, and Specs". https://evlegacy.com/2023-rivian-r1t/. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Buedel, Matt. "Rivian in Normal plans November debut for electric off-road vehicles". https://www.pjstar.com/news/20180522/rivian-in-normal-plans-november-debut-for-electric-off-road-vehicles. 
  16. ↑ "Pininfarina's PF1 super-SUV to use Rivian tech". Autocar India. 7 December 2018. https://www.autocarindia.com/car-news/pininfarinas-pf1-super-suv-to-use-rivian-tech-410688. 
  17. ↑ Foldy, Ben (2021-11-01). "EV Startups Lucid and Rivian Deliver First Models to Customers" (in en-US). Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/ev-startups-lucid-and-rivian-deliver-first-models-to-customers-11635759002. 
  18. ↑ Sorokanich, Bob (28 September 2021). "The Rivian R1T Proves That the Perfect Off-Roader Is Electric". Road & Track. https://www.roadandtrack.com/reviews/a37764868/the-rivian-r1t-proves-that-the-perfect-off-roader-is-electric/. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 Priddle, Alisa (28 September 2021). "2022 Rivian R1T Second Drive: A More Production-Ready Example Only Hardens Our Opinions". Motor Trend. https://www.motortrend.com/reviews/2022-rivian-r1t-electric-pickup-truck-second-drive-review/. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 Gitlin, Jonathan (28 September 2021). "To the mountain and back: Rivian's electric truck and its 314-mile range". Ars Technica. https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/09/rivians-67-500-314-mile-electric-adventure-truck-put-to-the-test/. 
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 Moloughney, Tom (28 September 2021). "2022 Rivian R1T First Drive Review: Electric Off-Road Dominance". InsideEVs. https://insideevs.com/reviews/536129/2022-rivian-r1t-first-drive-review/. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Mihalascu, Dan (February 24, 2023). "Rivian Starts Production Of Enduro Motors For Dual-Motor AWD Models". Inside EVs. https://insideevs.com/news/654215/rivian-starts-production-enduro-motors-for-dual-motor-awd-models/. 
  23. ↑ Iliff, Laurence (April 14, 2023). "Rivian shifts to in-house motors to boost production". Automotive News. https://www.autonews.com/manufacturing/rivian-will-speed-factory-flow-making-its-own-motors. 
  24. ↑ Gold, Aaron (2021-08-31). "The 2022 Rivian R1T Is the Most Remarkable Pickup We've Ever Driven" (in en-US). https://www.motortrend.com/reviews/2022-rivian-r1t-electric-pickup-truck-first-drive-review/. 
  25. ↑ "Exclusive: We Drive the Rivian R1T Off-Road Across America, Part 2". Motor Trend. 2021-09-13. https://www.motortrend.com/features/2022-rivian-r1t-exclusive-drive-review-trans-atlantic-trail-off-road-part-2/. 
  26. ↑ Golson, Daniel (March 1, 2022). "Rivian Launches 600-HP Dual-Motor R1S and R1T, Raises Quad-Motor Pricing". Road/Show (CNet). https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/rivian-dual-motor-r1s-r1t-launch-quad-motor-price-increase/. 
  27. ↑ "Rivian Drive Systems, Decoded - Rivian Stories". https://stories.rivian.com/difference-between-r1-drive-systems. 
  28. ↑ Loveday, Steven (December 21, 2022). "Rivian Removes Variant Of Its R1T For 2023, Provides Other Updates". Inside EVs. https://insideevs.com/news/627793/rivian-r1t-r1s-no-quad-motor-max-pack-2023/. 
  29. ↑ Bell, Sebastien (April 14, 2023). "Rivian Is Making Its Own New Motors To Speed Up Production And Reduce Delays". CarScoops. https://www.carscoops.com/2023/04/rivian-is-making-its-own-new-motors-to-speed-up-production-and-reduce-delays/. 
  30. ↑ Shakir, Umar (April 7, 2023). "Rivian's new 'Performance' powertrain lets R1T reservation holders keep their big battery". The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2023/4/7/23673961/rivian-performance-dual-motor-availability-max-pack-battery. 
  31. ↑ Evans, Scott; Walker, William (photographer) (July 13, 2023). "2023 Rivian R1T Dual-Motor Performance First Test: It's the Same Picture". Motor Trend. https://www.motortrend.com/reviews/2023-rivian-r1t-dual-motor-performance-first-test-review/. 
  32. ↑ "First Customer Dual-Motor R1T rolls off the line". Rivian Automotive. May 25, 2023. https://stories.rivian.com/dual-motor-r1t-start-of-production. 
  33. ↑ "Rivian drive systems, decoded". Rivian Automotive. December 22, 2022. https://stories.rivian.com/difference-between-r1-drive-systems. 
  34. ↑ Banner, Justin (March 2, 2023). "Rivian R1S Gets R1T's Dual-Motor, Max Pack Configuration and Nearly Matches Its Big Range". Motor Trend. https://www.motortrend.com/news/rivian-r1s-electric-suv-will-get-max-pack-battery-dual-motor-awd/. 
  35. ↑ "Rivian R1T Vehicle Studio". Rivian Automotive. https://rivian.com/vehicle-studio/r1t. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Dnistran, Iulian (April 8, 2023). "Rivian Adds R1T Performance Dual-Motor Option, Details Max Pack Battery Ranges". Inside EVs. https://insideevs.com/news/661401/rivian-r1t-performance-dual-motor-max-pack-range/. 
  37. ↑ Rimac. "Rivian R1S Specifications". https://rivian.com/r1t. 
  38. ↑ Rimac. "Rivian R1S Specifications". https://rivian.com/r1t. 
  39. ↑ Rimac. "Rivian R1S Specifications". https://rivian.com/r1t. 
  40. ↑ "Rivians will be able to charge each other, auxiliary battery packs confirmed". Motor Authority. 17 September 2021. https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1123515_rivians-will-be-able-to-charge-each-other-auxiliary-battery-packs-confirmed. 
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 Weintraub, Seth (28 September 2021). "Rivian R1T first drive: Easily the best pickup I've ever driven, both off road and on". Electrek. https://electrek.co/2021/09/28/rivian-r1t-first-drive-easily-the-best-pickup-ive-ever-driven-both-off-road-and-on/. 
  42. ↑ Gilboy, James (28 September 2021). "2022 Rivian R1T First Drive Review: The Electric Pickup Revolution Is Real, and It's Here". The Drive. https://www.thedrive.com/new-cars/42512/2022-rivian-r1t-first-drive-review-the-electric-pickup-revolution-is-real-and-its-here. 
  43. ↑ Kolodny, Lora (March 10, 2022). "Rivian will follow Tesla and change the type of battery cells it uses in standard packs". CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2022/03/10/rivian-changing-battery-cells-to-lfp-following-tesla-and-high-nickel.html. 
  44. ↑ Holderith, Peter (April 6, 2023). "Rivian Battery Switch Could Increase Production but Lower Range". The Drive. https://www.thedrive.com/news/rivian-battery-switch-could-increase-production-but-lower-range. 
  45. ↑ Template:Fuel Economy Guide
  46. ↑ "2022 Rivian R1T Review, Pricing, and Specs" (in en-us). 2022-03-03. https://www.caranddriver.com/rivian/r1t. 
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 Denham, Ryan. "Rivian Reveals 'Skateboard' Chassis At Michigan Conference". https://www.wglt.org/post/rivian-reveals-Skateboard-chassis-michigan-conference. 
  48. ↑ photographs of skateboard chassis and assembled battery pack
  49. ↑ "Electric-Truck Maker Rivian Raises $1.3 Billion in New Funding". Bloomberg News. 23 December 2019. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-12-23/electric-truck-maker-rivian-raises-1-3-billion-led-by-t-rowe. 
  50. ↑ "2022 Rivian R1T (Launch Edition (135 kWh)) Specs". https://www.motormatchup.com/catalog/Rivian/R1T/2022/Launch-Edition-(135-kWh). 
  51. ↑ "Rivian patents another maneuverability trick enabled by quad-motor layout". Green Car Reports. 9 July 2021. https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1132844_rivian-patents-another-maneuverability-trick-enabled-by-quad-motor-layout. 
  52. ↑ Iliff, Laurence (June 1, 2023). "Rivian cancels 'tank turn' feature to prevent trail abuse". Automotive News. https://www.autonews.com/design/why-rivian-canceled-highly-touted-tank-turn-feature. 
  53. ↑ "Here Are All The Electric Pickup Trucks Arriving In 2022 And Beyond" (in en-US). 2022-03-18. https://www.rategenius.com/electric-pickup-trucks-2022. 
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 54.4 54.5 54.6 Lingeman, Jake (28 September 2021). "2022 Rivian R1T Truck: Review, Trims, Specs, Price, New Interior Features, Exterior Design, and Specifications". CarBuzz. https://carbuzz.com/cars/rivian/r1t. 
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 55.2 Palmer, Zac (11 May 2021). "Rivian details R1T storage options and dives into the truck's specs". https://www.autoblog.com/2021/05/11/rivian-r1t-storage-solutions. 
  56. ↑ Cauthier, Michael (18 September 2020). "Rivian R1T Can Tow Up To 11,000 Lbs, But It Will Cut The Range In Half". CarScoops. https://www.carscoops.com/2020/09/rivian-r1t-can-tow-up-to-11000-lbs-but-it-will-cut-the-range-in-half/. 
  57. ↑ "2022 Rivian R1T Review, Pricing, and Specs" (in en-us). 2022-03-03. https://www.caranddriver.com/rivian/r1t/specs. 
  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 Blanco, Sebastian (6 July 2021). "Rivian Cooks Up a Built-In Camp Kitchen for Its R1T Electric Pickup". Car and Driver. https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a36920073/rivian-r1t-electric-pickup-camp-kitchen-specs/. 
  59. ↑ "Rivian". 2021-12-23. https://rivian.com/support/article/what-is-the-water-fording-height. 
  60. ↑ "R1T - Rivian". 2021-12-23. https://rivian.com/r1t. 
  61. ↑ "Rivian Wheel and Tire Options Revealed - Rivian Stories". 2021-09-28. https://rivianstories.com/rivian-wheel-and-tire-options-revealed/. 
  62. ↑ "Rivian Really Wants Owners To Drive In The Sand" (in en-us). 2022-06-03. https://carbuzz.com/news/rivian-really-wants-owners-to-drive-in-the-sand. 
  63. ↑ Amariei, Florin (2022-04-07). "Latest Rivian App Update Confirms the Winch, It's an Optional Extra" (in en). https://www.autoevolution.com/news/latest-rivian-app-update-confirms-the-winch-it-s-an-optional-extra-185910.html. 
  64. ↑ "R1T - Rivian" (in en). https://rivian.com/r1t. 
  65. ↑ Gastelu, Gary (2021-10-06). "Elon Musk laughs at Rivian's 'autonomous' driving feature" (in en-US). https://www.foxbusiness.com/lifestyle/elon-musk-laughs-rivians-autonomous-driving-feature. 
  66. ↑ "Rivian is making its hands-free driver assistance system standard in 'every vehicle' it builds" (in en-US). https://social.techcrunch.com/2020/11/11/rivian-is-making-its-hands-free-driver-assistance-system-standard-in-every-vehicle-it-builds/. 
  67. ↑ "Rivian Driver+ Vs Ford BlueCruise Vs Tesla AutoPilot - Car, Truck And Vehicle How To Guides - Vehicle Freak" (in en-US). 2021-12-15. https://vehiclefreak.com/rivian-driver-vs-ford-bluecruise-vs-tesla-autopilot/. 
  68. ↑ Evans, Scott (13 December 2021). "The Rivian R1T Is the 2022 MotorTrend Truck of the Year". Motor Trend. https://www.motortrend.com/news/rivian-r1t-2022-truck-of-the-year/. Retrieved 13 December 2021. 

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