Engineering:Shaanxi Y-9

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Short description: Chinese medium military transport aircraft


Shaanxi Y-9
Shaanxi Y-9 landing
General information
National originChina
ManufacturerShaanxi Aircraft Company
Management and usagePeople's Liberation Army Air Force
People's Liberation Army Navy Air Force
People's Liberation Army Ground Force Aviation
Namibian Air Force
Number built150+
History
Manufactured2010–present
Introduction date2012
First flightNovember 2010
Developed fromShaanxi Y-8

The Shaanxi Y-9 (Chinese: 运-9; pinyin: Yùn-9) is a Chinese medium four-engine turboprop utility/military transport aircraft produced by Shaanxi Aircraft Company for the People's Liberation Army.[1][2] It is a lengthened and upgraded development of the popular Shaanxi Y-8.[3]

Development

Development of the Y-9 may have begun as early as 2002 as the Y-8X program. The program was a collaborative effort with Antonov – the designers of the An-12 that it was ultimately derived from – and was aimed at competing with the Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules. By September 2005, the Y-9 designation was being used.[4] The Y-9 received design features originally intended for the Y-8F600,[4] which was cancelled in 2008.[5]

Shaanxi had hoped to conduct the first flight as early as 2006, but it was delayed. Design changes were made in 2006,[3] with the design being frozen by January 2010. After the design freeze, it was suggested that the first flight would depend on securing a launch customer; construction had also not yet commenced.[5] The aircraft finally flew in November 2010.[6]

The Y-9 entered People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) service in 2012,[1] with full operating capability being announced in December 2017.[2]

Design

The Y-9 is powered by four WoJiang WJ-6C turboprop engines. The propellers are six-bladed and made with Chinese JL-4 composites. The WJ-6C is replaced by the Pratt & Whitney Canada PW150B in the Y-9E export variant.[4]

The cruise speed is 300 knots (560 km/h; 350 mph) with an endurance of around 10.5 hours.[7]

Cargo capacity

The cargo bay has an internal volume of 155 m3 and is fitted with cargo handling rollers and tie-down rings. The rear entrance to the cargo bay also functions as a ramp.[1][8]

Variants

KQ-200 anti-submarine warfare aircraft
Y-9
Base variant
Y-9E
Export designation of Y-9[6]
Y-8Q / KQ-200 (GX-6)
Anti-submarine aircraft[9]
Y-9JZ (GX-8)
Electronic intelligence variant[10][11][1]
Y-9XZ (GX-9)
Psychological warfare aircraft[12]
Y-9W / KJ-500 (GX-10)
Airborne early warning and control variant. Five hour endurance, and fitted with lighter version of KJ-2000 AESA radar.[13]
Y-9W (KJ-500) airborne early warning aircraft
Y-9G (GX-11)
Electronic warfare (ECM) variant[7]
Y-9G Electronic warfare aircraft
Y-9X (GX-12)
Electronic intelligence (ELINT) aircraft[12]
Y-9LG (GX-13)
New ECM variant[14]
Y-9Q anti-submarine warfare aircraft
Y-9Q / Y-9FQ (GX-15)
Anti-submarine aircraft[15]
KJ-700 (GX-16)
Aerial early warning variant[16]
Y-9DZ (GX-17)
Speculated to be a new EW variant[citation needed]

Operators

Y-9JB electronic intelligence aircraft
 People's Republic of China
  • People's Liberation Army Air Force:[1] Over 30 unit Y-9,[17] 4 unit Y-9XZ,[12] 8 unit Y-9W (KJ-500),[12] 4 unit Y-9G,[12] 2 unit Y-9X.[12]
  • People's Liberation Army Navy Air Force: 8 unit Y-9Q (KQ-200),[9] 8 unit Y-9JZ (GX-8),[9] 8 unit Y-9W (KJ-500H).[9]
  • People's Liberation Army Ground Force Aviation: 2[18][19]
 Kazakhstan
Kazakh Air Defense Forces – Introduced Y-9E in August 2026.[20][21]
 Myanmar
  • Myanmar Air Force: 1 Y-9E (ordered November 2017)[6]
 Namibia
  • Namibian Air Force: 2 Y-9E (delivered in December 2024)[22]

Specifications (Y-9)

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 2010-11 [23]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 4
  • Capacity: 20,000 kg (44,092 lb) cargo / 106 paratroopers / 72 medevac +3 attendants
  • Length: 36.065 m (118 ft 4 in)
  • Wingspan: 38 m (124 ft 8 in)
  • Height: 11.3 m (37 ft 1 in)
  • Wing area: 121.9 m2 (1,312 sq ft)
  • Airfoil: root: C-5-18; tip: C-3-14[24]
  • Max takeoff weight: 65,000 kg (143,300 lb) (and MLW)
  • Fuel capacity: 23,000 kg (50,706 lb)
  • Powerplant: 4 × WoJiang WJ-6C turboprop engines, 3,800 kW (5,100 shp) each [4]
  • Propellers: 6-bladed JL-4 composite constant-speed fully-feathering reversible propellers

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 660 km/h (410 mph, 360 kn)
  • Cruise speed: 560 km/h (350 mph, 300 kn)
  • Range: 2,200 km (1,400 mi, 1,200 nmi) with 15,000 kg (33,069 lb) payload
  • Ferry range: 5,700 km (3,500 mi, 3,100 nmi) with maximum fuel
  • Service ceiling: 10,400 m (34,100 ft)
  • Maximum operating altitude: 8,000 m (26,000 ft)
  • Power/mass: 0.234 kW/kg (0.142 hp/lb)

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

Related lists

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Tate, Andrew (9 December 2019). "China mass producing Y-9 surveillance aircraft". https://www.janes.com/article/93081/china-mass-producing-y-9-surveillance-aircraft. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Panda, Ankit (6 December 2017). "China's Air Force Declares Shaanxi Y-9 Transport Aircraft Operational". https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/chinas-air-force-declares-shaanxi-y-9-transport-aircraft-operational/. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Francis, Leithen (27 September 2007). "China to receive first Y-9 military transport in 2009". https://www.flightglobal.com/china-to-receive-first-y-9-military-transport-in-2009/76425.article. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Fisher, Richard D. Jr. (2008). China's Military Modernization: Building for Regional and Global Reach. Greenwood. pp. 180–81. ISBN 978-0-275-99486-0. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Francis, Leithen (29 January 2010). "Shaanxi's Y9 still waiting on Chinese military to commit". https://www.flightglobal.com/shaanxis-y9-still-waiting-on-chinese-military-to-commit/91709.article. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "New look for an old veteran [AAD18D2"]. Jane's. 20 September 2018. https://www.janes.com/article/83177/new-look-for-an-old-veteran-aad18d2. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Tate, Andrew (12 March 2019). "PLAAF operating ECM variant of Y-9 aircraft". https://www.janes.com/article/87133/plaaf-operating-ecm-variant-of-y-9-aircraft. 
  8. ↑ "China Promotes Export of Y-9E". 23 May 2018. https://gbp.com.sg/stories/china-promotes-export-of-y-9e/. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Rupprecht, Andreas (2018). Modern Chinese Warplanes: Chinese Naval Aviation - Aircraft and Units. Harpia Publishing. p. 29. ISBN 978-09973092-5-6. 
  10. ↑ Yeo, Mike (6 October 2014). "Japan intercepts new Chinese GX-8 ELINT aircraft". http://www.janes.com/article/44169/japan-intercepts-new-chinese-gx-8-elint-aircraft. 
  11. ↑ "Online feature: China's unique special missions aircraft". 31 March 2020. https://defencereviewasia.com/online-feature-chinas-unique-special-missions-aircraft/. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 Rupprecht, Andreas (29 October 2018). Modern Chinese Warplanes: Chinese Air Force - Aircraft and Units. Harpia Publishing. p. 92. ISBN 978-09973092-6-3. 
  13. ↑ Fisher, Richard D. Jr (4 September 2015). "China showcases new weapon systems at 3 September parade". http://www.janes.com/article/54029/china-showcases-new-weapon-systems-at-3-september-parade. 
  14. ↑ "Chinese Y-9LG electronic warfare aircraft breaks cover". 3 September 2024. https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/defence/chinese-y-9lg-electronic-warfare-aircraft-breaks-cover. 
  15. ↑ Satam, Parth (30 March 2026). "China’s Y-9FQ Next Gen ASW Aircraft Intercepted for the First Time Over East China Sea". https://theaviationist.com/2026/03/30/china-y-9fq-intercepted-first-time-east-china-sea/. 
  16. ↑ Satam, Parth (22 June 2024). "Images Surface of What Could be China's New Rumored KJ-700 AEW&C Aircraft". https://theaviationist.com/2024/06/22/kj-700/. 
  17. ↑ "中国空军也在下饺子 新生产运9一个批次就超过20架|中国|预警机|反潜机_新浪军事_新浪网". http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2018-04-08/doc-ifyvtmxc7540208.shtml. 
  18. ↑ Dominguez, Gabriel (20 December 2017). "Second Y-9 transport aircraft enters service with PLAGF, says report". http://www.janes.com/article/76569/. 
  19. ↑ Yunpeng, Li; Lina, Chen (20 December 2017). "陆军部队第二架运-9型运输机列装". http://www.mod.gov.cn/power/2017-12/20/content_4800307.htm. 
  20. ↑ "Kazakhstan goes Chinese". 30 August 2026. https://www.scramble.nl/military-news/kazakhstan-goes-chinese. 
  21. ↑ Newdick, Thomas (20 August 2026). "Our Best Look At China’s New Y-15 Turboprop Airlifter". https://www.twz.com/air/our-best-look-at-chinas-new-y-15-turboprop-airlifter. 
  22. ↑ "NDF boosts its capabilities in airlift and transport operations | nbc". https://nbcnews.na/node/108726. 
  23. ↑ Jackson, Paul, ed (2010). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 2010-11 (101st ed.). London: Jane's Information Group. pp. 134–135. ISBN 978-0710629166. 
  24. ↑ Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html. 

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