Engineering:Stretched Rohini Satellite Series

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Stretched Rohini Satellite Series
ManufacturerISRO
Country of originIndia
OperatorISRO
ApplicationsGamma ray astronomy
Specifications
Design life2 years
Launch mass106–150 kilograms (234–331 lb)
Power~100 watts
BatteriesNi-Cd
EquipmentGamma-Ray Burst
Retarded Potential Analyser[citation needed]
RegimeLow Earth
Dimensions
Production
StatusRetired
Built4
Launched4
Retired1
Lost3
Maiden launchSROSS-A/SROSS-1
24 March 1987
Last launchSROSS-C2
4 May 1994
Related spacecraft
Derived fromRohini

The Stretched Rohini Satellite Series (SROSS) are a series of satellites developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation as follow ons to the Rohini Satellites[1] for conducting astrophysics, Earth Remote Sensing, and upper atmospheric monitoring experiments as well as for new and novel application-oriented missions.[2] These satellites were the payload of the developmental flights of the Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle.[1]

Satellites in series

SROSS A and SROSS B

The first two satellites in the series did not make it into orbit due to launch vehicle failure. SROSS-A carried two retro-reflectors for laser tracking.[1] SROSS-B carried two instruments; a West German Monocular Electro Optical Stereo Scanner (MEOSS) and ISRO's 20-3000keV Gamma-ray Burst Experiment (GRB).[1]

SROSS C

The third, SROSS 3 (also known as SROSS C), attained a lower-than-planned orbit on 20 May 1992. The GRB monitored celestial gamma ray bursts in the energy range 20–3000 keV. SROSS C and C2 carried a gamma-ray burst (GRB) experiment and a Retarded Potential Analyzer (RPA) experiment. The GRB experiment operated from 25 May 1992 until reentry on 14 July 1992. The instrument consisted of a main and a redundant CsI(Na) scintillator operating in the energy range 20–3000 keV. The crystals were 76 mm (main) and 37 mm (redundant) in diameter. Each had a thickness of 12.5 mm. A 'burst mode' was triggered by the 100–1024 keV count rate exceeding a preset limit during a 256 or 1024 ms time integration. In this mode, 65 s of temporal and 2 s of spectral data prior to the trigger are stored, as well as the subsequent 16 s of spectral data and 204 s of temporal data. The low resolution data consists of two energy channels (20–100 keV and 100–1024 keV) from 65 s before the trigger to 204 s after the trigger in 256 ms integrations. The 20–1024 keV rates are also recorded with a 2 ms resolution for 1 s prior to 1 s after trigger and a 16 ms resolution for 1s prior to 8 s after the trigger. Energy spectra are conducted with a 124 channel PHA. Four pre-trigger spectra and 32 post-trigger spectra are recorded for every burst with a 512 ms integration time.[3] The RPA measured temperature, density and characteristics of electrons in the Earth's ionosphere.[1] The GRB experiment computer system used the RCA CDP1802 microprocessor.[4]

SROSS C2

SROSS-C2 was launched on 4 May 1994. The gamma ray burst experiments on board SROSS-C2 are an improved version of the GRB payload flown successfully on the SROSS-C satellite. The improvements include enhancements of the on-board memory and a better measurement of the background spectra after a burst event. These improvements led to the discovery of twelve candidate events detected up to 15 February 1995, out of a total of 993 triggers.[3] The SROSS-C2 spacecraft is one of the satellites included in the Interplanetary Network[5] The SROSS C2 satellite also used an RCA CDP1802 microprocessor for the GRB experiment.[6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "SROSS A, B, C, C2 Quicklook". http://msl.jpl.nasa.gov/QuickLooks/srossQL.html. 
  2. ↑ "SROSS". http://www.astronautix.com/s/sross.html. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Stretched Rohini Satellite Series 3 & C2". http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/sross3.html. 
  4. ↑ "Cosmic gamma ray bursts - Recent developments and observations from SROSS satellites". 10 Nov 1995. http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Downloads/article_id_069_09_0732_0739_0.pdf. 
  5. ↑ "IPN3 Home Page". http://www.ssl.berkeley.edu/ipn3/. 
  6. ↑ Kasturirangan, K.; Padmini, V. N.; Prasad, N. L.; Rao, U. R.; Seetha, S. (7 Aug 1995). "Recent gamma-ray burst observations from the SROSS-C2 satellite". Astronomy and Astrophysics 322: 778. Bibcode: 1997A&A...322..778K. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1997A%26A...322..778K/0000780.000.html. 




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