Engineering:GSAT-18
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| Mission type | Communications |
|---|---|
| Operator | INSAT |
| COSPAR ID | 2016-060A |
| SATCAT no. | 41793 |
| Website | GSAT-18 |
| Mission duration | Planned: 15 years Elapsed: 7 years, 4 months, 16 days |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Bus | I-3K[1] |
| Manufacturer | ISRO Satellite Centre Space Applications Centre |
| Launch mass | 3,404 kg (7,505 lb)[2] |
| Dry mass | 1,480 kg (3,263 lb)[2] |
| Power | 6,474 watts[2] |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 5 October 2016, ≈20:30 UTC[3] |
| Rocket | Ariane 5 ECA, VA-231[1] |
| Launch site | Guiana Space Centre ELA-3[1] |
| Contractor | Arianespace[1] |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Geostationary |
| Longitude | 74° E |
| Perigee altitude | 35,750 km (22,214 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 35,822 km (22,259 mi) |
| Inclination | 0.0616° |
| Epoch | 11 June 2017 01:46:00 UTC[4] |
| Transponders | |
| Band | 24 × C band 12 × extended C band 12 × Ku band 2 × Ku beacon |
GSAT-18 is an Indian communications satellite. Built by ISRO and operated by INSAT, it carries 24 C-band, 12 extended C-band, and 12 Ku-band transponders.
The satellite was launched on 5 October 2016 at approximately 20:30 UTC aboard an Ariane 5 ECA rocket from the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou, French Guiana.[3][5] The launch vehicle inserted the satellite into a geosynchronous transfer orbit, and once in service it will occupy the orbital slot at 74° East longitude.[1][6] The total cost of the satellite and launch services was about US$153 million.[7]
GSAT-18 was originally scheduled to launch on 12 July 2016 alongside Japan's Superbird-8 satellite, but a shipping mishap which damaged Superbird-8 forced a delay in the launch schedule.[8][9] Arianespace later paired GSAT-18 with Australia's Sky Muster II for a 4 October 2016 launch.[10] The launch was delayed 24 hours to 5 October due to excessively high crosswinds at the launch site.[11]
Orbit raising and station keeping
Orbit raising operations were made using an on-board LAM and chemical thrusters[2] to place the satellite in the intended geostationary orbital slot.
| Op # | Date/ Time (UTC) |
LAM burn time | Height achieved | Inclination achieved |
Orbital period | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apogee | Perigee | ||||||
| 1 | 6 October 2016 10:16 |
6040.6 sec | 35,802 km (22,246 mi) | 14,843 km (9,223 mi) | 1.325° | 15 hrs, 36 mins | [12] |
| 2 | 8 October 2016 05:59 |
- | 35,840 km (22,270 mi) | 32,518 km (20,206 mi) | 0.129° | 22 hrs, 34 mins | [13] |
| 3 | 9 October 2016 04:51 |
256.17 sec | 35,802 km (22,246 mi) | 35,294 km (21,931 mi) | 0.136° | 23 hrs, 44 mins | [14][15] |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "Annual Report 2015-2016" (PDF). Indian Space Research Organisation. December 2015. p. 28. http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/article-files/right-to-information/annual_report-15-16.pdf.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "GSAT-18". Indian Space Research Organisation. http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/flipping_book/GSAT-18/files/assets/common/downloads/GSAT%2018%20-%20Brochure.pdf.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bergin, Chris (5 October 2016). "Ariane 5 launches Sky Muster II and GSAT-18". NASA Spaceflight. https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2016/10/ariane-5-sky-muster-ii-gsat-18-launch/.
- ↑ "GSAT-18 - Orbit". Heavens-Above. 11 June 2017. http://heavens-above.com/orbit.aspx?satid=41793.
- ↑ "India's communication satellite GSAT-18 launched successfully". Business Standard. Press Trust of India. 6 October 2016. http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/india-s-communication-satellite-gsat-18-launched-successfully-116100600381_1.html.
- ↑ "Launch Schedule". Spaceflight Now. 4 October 2016. https://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/.
- ↑ Clark, Stephen (5 October 2016). "Ariane 5 goes on test run after launching two satellites". Spaceflight Now. https://spaceflightnow.com/2016/10/05/ariane-5-goes-on-test-run-after-launching-two-satellites/.
- ↑ de Selding, Peter B. (20 June 2016). "Japan's DSN-1 military communications satellite damaged during transport to launch base". Space News. http://spacenews.com/japans-dsn-1-military-communications-satellite-damaged-during-transport-to-launch-base/.
- ↑ D. S., Madhumathi (10 July 2016). "Deferred GSAT-18 awaits October launch at Kourou". The Hindu. http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/deferred-gsat18-awaits-october-launch-at-kourou/article8829906.ece.
- ↑ "Sky Muster II comes to French Guiana for launch on Ariane 5". Arianespace. 31 August 2016. http://www.arianespace.com/mission-update/sky-muster-satellite-delivered-for-flight-va231/.
- ↑ "Bad weather delays Isro's launch of communications satellite GSAT-18". Hindustan Times. Press Trust of India. 5 October 2016. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bad-winds-delay-isro-s-launch-of-communications-satellite-gsat-18-by-a-day/story-edkq5GVmwYVTBl1t2xxp3M.html.
- ↑ "The first orbit raising manoeuvre...". Indian Space Research Organisation. 7 October 2016. http://www.isro.gov.in/update/07-oct-2016/first-orbit-raising-manoeuvre-of-gsat-18-has-been-successffully-carried-out-lam.
- ↑ "The second orbit raising manoeuvre...". Indian Space Research Organisation. 8 October 2016. http://www.isro.gov.in/update/08-oct-2016/second-orbit-raising-manoeuvre-of-gsat-18-has-been-successfully-carried-out-lam.
- ↑ "Third LAM firing of GSAT-18...". Indian Space Research Organisation. 9 October 2016. http://www.isro.gov.in/update/09-oct-2016/third-lam-firing-of-gsat-18-25617-sec-has-been-successfully-completed-october-9.
- ↑ "Orbit Determination results...". Indian Space Research Organisation. 9 October 2016. http://www.isro.gov.in/update/09-oct-2016/orbit-determination-results-third-lam-firing-are-apogee-x-perigee-height-was.
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