Engineering:Tesla Model Y

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Short description: Electric mid-size crossover SUV
Tesla Model Y
Tesla Model Y 1X7A6211.jpg
Overview
ManufacturerTesla, Inc.
Production2020–present
Assembly
DesignerFranz von Holzhausen
Body and chassis
ClassMid-size crossover SUV (D)
Body style5-door SUV
Layout
  • Dual-motor, all-wheel-drive
  • Rear-motor, rear-wheel-drive
RelatedTesla Model 3
Powertrain
Electric motorPermanent magnet synchronous reluctance[citation needed]
Battery67.6–81 kWh lithium-ion
Electric range260–310 mi (418–499 km) (EPA)
Plug-in charging
  • AC onboard charger: 11.5 kW at 240 V, 48 A
  • DC: 250 kW
  • CCS2, GB/T or NACS connector
Dimensions
Wheelbase113.8 in (2,891 mm)
Length187 in (4,751 mm)[2]
Width75.6 in (1,920 mm)
Height63.9 in (1,624 mm)[2]
us|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight4,154–4,404 lb (1,884–1,998 kg)[3][4]

The Tesla Model Y is a battery electric mid-size crossover SUV built by Tesla, Inc. since 2020. It started production at its Fremont Factory in January 2020.[5] The Model Y is based on the Model 3 sedan platform.[6] Like the Model X, the Model Y offers optional third-row seats for a seven-passenger seating capacity (only for US versions).[7][8] In 2023, Tesla said it delivered 1.2 million Model Ys, making it the world's best-selling vehicle that year, beating out the Toyota Corolla and becoming the first ever electric vehicle to claim that title.[9]

History

Pre-launch

Tesla Model 3 (left) and Tesla Model Y (right) side by side

In 2013, Tesla Motors filed to trademark "Model Y".[10]

In 2015, Elon Musk teased a Model 3-based Model Y with falcon-wing doors.[11]

In 2017, the Model Y's silhouette was teased to Tesla shareholders at the annual general meeting in June.[12] Elon Musk also announced that the Model Y would be produced in a new factory, as it was not likely that the Fremont plant would have room to accommodate another production line.[13]

In June 2018, a new silhouette was revealed by CEO Musk. With the new image, it was stated that the Model Y would be formally announced in March 2019.[14] The Model Y announcement had been planned for 2018; however, production problems with the Model 3 resulted in it being pushed to 2019.[15] In October 2018, Elon Musk revealed that he has approved the finalized design for the first production version of the Model Y, however production would not start until 2020.[16] On March 3, 2019, Elon Musk published multiple tweets, announcing the unveiling event and confirming some specifications.[17] Musk confirmed the vehicle would use standard doors, as opposed to the falcon-wing doors used on the Model X.[18]

Release

Due to its larger size, the Y consumes more energy than the 3, and thus has shorter range. The Fremont factory was changed to accommodate production of the Y.[19]

Production

Rear view
Year Model 3/Y vehicles delivered
2020[20]
442,511
2021[21]
911,208
2022[22]
1,247,146
2023[23]
1,739,707

Tesla originally announced plans at the unveil to assemble the Model Y at Giga Nevada (in Sparks, Nevada), along with the battery and drivetrain for the vehicles, unlike the Model 3, where drivetrains and batteries are assembled at Giga Nevada, with final assembly completed at the Tesla Factory in Fremont, California. Two months later, in May 2019, Tesla said that they instead planned to shuffle production lines at the Tesla Fremont Factory to make space for Model Y production.[24]

On January 29, 2020, Tesla reported in its Q4 2019 earnings report that Model Y production had already started in the Fremont factory, that one can now place an order for their premium versions with all-wheel drive, and that delivery of Model Y would begin in Q1 2020.[25]

In November 2019, Tesla announced that the Tesla Model Y would be the first vehicle to be assembled at the first European Gigafactory, Giga Berlin.[26][27]

United States deliveries started in March 2020 for the Long Range AWD version and the Performance version. Later in 2020, Tesla began shipping cars to the Canadian and Mexican markets.

Initial production of the made-in-China Model Y began in mid-December 2020 with 250,000 Model Y expected to be produced in 2021 in China alone.[28][29] In November 2020, Tesla signed an agreement with LG Chem to supply battery cells for Model Y production in China.[30]

On October 7, 2020, Musk tweeted that Giga Berlin Model Y would get single-piece rear and front frame cast, structural battery pack, and new 4680 cells.[31][32]

On July 25, 2021, CEO Elon Musk revealed that Tesla was planning to release an updated design for the Model Y by the end of 2021. In addition, Tesla planned to implement their new structural battery pack to improve range. These new cars would be manufactured by the two new Tesla production facilities in Austin, Texas and Berlin, Germany. If Tesla was not able to roll out the new 4680 battery cells by the end of 2021, they would use the standard battery cells until the 4680's are ready.[33]

Single-piece castings

In August 2020, it was reported that the Tesla Factory in Fremont would soon activate the world's largest unibody casting machine for Model Y production, switching to casting the rear body in a single piece.[34] Elon Musk told an interviewer that the Berlin-made Model Y is "not just a copy of the Model Y. It's actually a radical redesign of the core technology of building a car."[35] With this new design and production method, rear and front portions of the frame will be a single-cast design. Injecting molten aluminum into a cast and having robots pull out the molded metal allowed Tesla to combine several manufacturing steps.[36] This manufacturing process is expected to result in significant cost savings, reducing a complex structural frame of dozens of parts, requiring many hours of welding to be reduced to just 1 part. Other savings include lower tool investments, reduced production time, lower number of robots, and a smaller production area.[37]

In August 2020, Tesla started assembling the world's biggest casting machine for this purpose, which the company called the Giga Press. The machine was supplied by Italian company Idra.[38][39]

Changes

Vehicles manufactured from May 2021 lack lumbar support on passenger seats.[40][41]

Vehicles manufactured from April 2021 no longer include radar for adaptive cruise control.[42]

In early 2023, Tesla removed the ultrasonic parking sensors. Automated parking features relying only on the camera were shown to be unreliable.[43]

Technical details

Heat pump

The Model Y is Tesla's first vehicle to use a heat pump instead of electric resistance for interior cabin heating.[44][45] Electric cars using electric resistance heating can lose 40% or more of their range in ambient temperatures below 20 °F (−7 °C).[46][47] The heat pump can be up to 300% more efficient than electric resistance heating.[48]

Tesla's heat pump system includes unique features including the Super Manifold and Octovalve. Inside the Super Manifold two systems meet: one for water-glycol coolant (used for managing the temperature of the battery, computers and powertrain) and the other for R1234YF refrigerant (used for cabin temperature control). The two systems share a liquid cooled condenser and a chiller. The octovalve has eight ports that move the coolant around the different systems of the vehicle.[49][50][51] The system allows the vehicle to remove waste heat from the vehicle's systems and use it to warm the cabin.

Some electric vehicles from other manufacturers, including the Nissan Leaf, Renault Zoe, BMW i3, Jaguar I-Pace, Audi e-tron, and Kia Niro, had already implemented heat pumps.[52] Tesla's heat pump has been praised for using far fewer parts.[53]

Musk has said that the new heat pump system is one of the two most significant changes in the Model Y over the Model 3, the other being the new single-piece castings.[54]

Radar

Vehicles produced since May 2021 lack radar for adaptive cruise control.[55] In February 2022, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration opened an investigation over phantom braking in these new vehicles.[56][needs update]

Software update 2022.20.9 transitioned radar equipped Model Ys (and Model 3s) to Tesla Vision. Steering assist is limited to 85 mph (137 km/h), down from 90 mph (140 km/h) on vehicles with radar and minimum following distance has been increased to two car lengths from one.[original research?]

Markets and configurations

United States

During its introduction, there were four planned powertrain configurations for the Model Y in the U.S., which are Standard Range Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD), Long Range RWD, Long Range with Dual Motor All-Wheel Drive (AWD), and Performance (with Dual Motor All-Wheel Drive).[57][58] However, the Long Range RWD model was never produced. (As of October 2023), the Standard Range RWD, Long Range AWD and the Performance models are currently being offered for sale.[59][failed verification]

Timeline of Tesla Model Y in the U.S.[60][better source needed]
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The Standard Range RWD configuration was initially canceled in July 2020 after being listed as to be announced in "spring 2021", due to the range (230 mi or 370 km) being unacceptably low to CEO Elon Musk.[61] On January 7, 2021, Tesla once again released the Standard Range RWD configuration, alongside the seven-seat option for the Model Y. The Standard Range RWD features 244 miles (393 km) of EPA-estimated range.[62][63] Tesla stopped taking orders for the variant in February 2021, making it the shortest-lived configuration offered for the Model Y.[64]

After reports emerged in February 2021,[65] on December 6, 2021, Tesla formally notified customers who had pre-ordered the Long Range RWD that their chosen configuration is no longer available in the U.S. According to reports, this configuration was never delivered in the U.S.[66]

On April 9, 2022, Tesla began building the Standard Range AWD configuration. Manufactured at Gigafactory Texas, it was equipped with the new 4680 battery cells and structural battery pack technology rated at 279 miles (449 km) of EPA range.[67][68] At first, this configuration was only available for employees, invited reservation holders, and customers residing in the Texas area.[69][70] Around April 7, 2023, Tesla made the configuration for sale to the general public.[71][72] On September 14, Tesla stopped taking orders for the Standard Range AWD.[73]

On January 12, 2023, Tesla announced a significant price reduction for the Model Y and Model 3. This reduction made the Model Y Long Range eligible for the federal tax credit of $7,500 under the Inflation Reduction Act, which is applicable only for cars that are priced below $55,000.[74]

Tesla reintroduced the Standard Range RWD model to the US market in October 2023.[75]

Canada

In April 2023, Tesla began producing made-in-China Model Y to be sold in Canada.[76]

Australia

Orders for the Model Y in Australia opened on June 10, 2022, with initial configurations offered were RWD and Performance AWD and imported from Gigafactory Shanghai. Deliveries commenced in August 2022.[77] The Long Range AWD configuration was released on April 4, 2023.[78]

China

On June 5, 2020, Tesla launched the Model Y Online design studio for the Chinese market, allowing customers in China to place orders for the upcoming made-in-China Model Y.[79] First delivery of the model was made on January 18, 2021.[80]

On January 1, 2021, Tesla started selling the Model Y in China, and it sold out its planned production (an unknown quantity) for Q1 2021 within 6 days.[81]

Specifications

Canceled/Discontinued Current Current, non-US model Current, US only model
Battery Standard Range Long Range
Powertrain RWD RWD AWD RWD[65] AWD Performance
Battery Prismatic LFP 2170-type software capped[82] 4680-type 2170-type 2170-type 2170-type
Range (EPA) 244 mi (393 km)[83] 260 mi (418 km) 279 mi (449 km)[84] 300 mi (483 km)[85] 330 mi (531 km)[86] 303 mi (488 km)[87]
Range (WLTP) 282 mi (455 km)[88][2][89]
267 mi (430 km)[2][90] 		336 mi (541 km)[85] 331 mi (533 km)[91] 319 mi (514 km)[2]
Acceleration
0–60 mph (0–97 km/h) 		6.9 sec.[91] 6.6 sec. 5.0 sec.[91] 5.5 sec.[85] 4.8 sec.[91] 3.5 sec.[91]
Top speed 135 mph (217 km/h)[92] 135 mph (217 km/h)[92] 135 mph (217 km/h)[91] 130 mph (209 km/h) 135 mph (217 km/h)[91] 155 mph (249 km/h)[91]
Power (peak) 295 hp (220 kW) 384 hp (286 kW)[93][94] 456 hp (340 kW)[93][94]
Torque (peak) 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m) 376 lb⋅ft (510 N⋅m)[93][94] 497 lb⋅ft (674 N⋅m)[93][94]
Consumption 15.7 kWh / 100 km 13.8 kWh / 100 km[95] 15.8 kWh / 100 km[96]
Drag coefficient 0.23[97]
Cargo space 76.2 cubic feet (2,158 L) maximum volume with rear seats down and including front trunk (frunk)[98]
Curb weight 4,209 lb (1,909 kg)[2] 4,154 lb (1,884 kg) 4,363 lb (1,979 kg) 4,416 lb (2,003 kg)

Safety

NHTSA (US)[99] IIHS (US)[100] EURONCAP (2022) (EU)[101]
Overall Small overlap front, driver side Good Overall
Frontal, driver Small overlap front, passenger side Good Adult Occupant 97%
Frontal, passenger Moderate overlap front Good Child Occupant 87%
Side, driver Side (original test) Good Vulnerable Road Users 82%
Side, rear passenger Roof strength Good Safety Assist 98%
Side pole Head restraints & seats Good
Rollover 5/5 stars / 9.70% Headlights (varies by trim/option)
Good Acceptable
Front crash prevention, vehicle-to-vehicle Superior
Front crash prevention, vehicle-to-pedestrian Superior
LATCH ease of use Acceptable

Reception

The Model Y has been generally very well received. Critics laud the car's appearance, quick acceleration, spacious interior and range. However, they criticized the vehicle's clumsy handling and stiff ride.[102] According to Top Gear, the Model Y is a "great car to live with".[103] The Model Y was also touted as the leader in its class,[104] but reviewers note that competition is rising with numerous alternatives hitting the market from other manufacturers.[105]

Awards

In 2023, the Tesla Model Y gained the 'Autovista Group Residual Value Award' in category of 'Compact and Large Battery-Electric Vehicle (BEV) SUV'.[106] The Model Y also won the 'Best Company Car' award at the 2024 Carbuyer Best Car Awards.[107]

Sales

Year U.S. (estimate) China Europe Australia New Zealand Thailand Taiwan Worldwide total
U.K. Germany Sweden Norway Overall
2021 172,700[108] 129,353[109]
2022 231,400[110] 315,314[111] 35,551[112] 6,550[113] 17,356[114] 137,608[115] 759,579[116]
2023 385,900[117] 456,394[118] 35,899[119] 45,618[120] 16,416[121] 254,822[115] 28,769[122] 3,936[123] 5,881[124] 9,697[125] 1,230,000+[126]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Carlson, Kara (January 27, 2022). "Tesla's Austin factory started Model Y production late last year, company reveals" (in en-US). https://www.statesman.com/story/business/2022/01/26/tesla-austin-factory-begins-model-y-production-elon-musk-gigafactory-texas/6635563001/. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 https://www.tesla.com/en_ae/modely
  3. ↑ "Model Y Product Information". https://www.tesla.com/modely#:~:text=on%20hot%20days.-,Model%20Y%20Specs,-Performance. 
  4. ↑ "Model Y Owner's Manual (China)". https://www.tesla.com/ownersmanual/modely/en_cn/GUID-E47C4A6D-528E-419C-8C57-FD3864644C34.html. 
  5. ↑ Baldwin, Roberto (January 29, 2020). "Tesla Beats Expectations, Declares a Profit, and Has Started Model Y Production" (in en-US). Hearst. https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a30705862/tesla-production-results-q4-model-y/. 
  6. ↑ Jaynes, Nick (January 29, 2016). "Tesla is working on multiple variations of the Model 3". Mashable. https://mashable.com/2016/01/28/tesla-model-3-variants/. 
  7. ↑ Cortina, Miguel (March 15, 2019). "Tesla Model Y First Ride: A Compact Crossover For Canyon Roads". Motor Trend. https://www.motortrend.com/news/tesla-model-y-first-ride/. Retrieved March 15, 2019. 
  8. ↑ Online Tesla Owners [@Model3Owners] (December 2, 2019). "I took better pictures of the third row seats... sheesh" (in en). https://twitter.com/Model3Owners/status/1201513627292966913. 
  9. ↑ "Q4 2023 Shareholder Deck". January 24, 2024. https://digitalassets.tesla.com/tesla-contents/image/upload/IR/TSLA-Q4-2023-Update.pdf. 
  10. ↑ Tiongco, Santiago (April 11, 2016). "If Ford Did Not Block Trademark For Model E, Tesla Would Have Completed A Word After Model S, Model X". Tech Times. http://www.techtimes.com/articles/148939/20160411/if-ford-did-not-block-trademark-for-model-e-tesla-would-have-completed-a-word-after-model-s-model-x.htm. 
  11. ↑ Anthony, Sebastian (October 7, 2015). "Elon Musk hints at Tesla Model Y with falcon-wing doors". art tech. https://arstechnica.com/cars/2015/10/tesla-model-y-with-falcon-wing-doors-hinted-at-by-elon-musk/. 
  12. ↑ Gibbs, Samuel (June 7, 2020). "Tesla teases new Model Y car as cheaper Model 3 nears production". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jun/07/tesla-teases-new-model-y-car-cheaper-model-3-production-elon-musk. 
  13. ↑ Higgins, Tim (June 6, 2017). "Tesla CEO Elon Musk Signals New Factory for Model Y SUV". The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-ceo-elon-musk-signals-new-factory-for-model-y-suv-1496797117. 
  14. ↑ Segarra, Lisa Marie (June 6, 2018). "Elon Musk Shares a New Image of the Tesla Model Y". Fortune. http://fortune.com/2018/06/06/elon-musk-tesla-model-y-image/. 
  15. ↑ Lambert, Fred (October 22, 2018). "Tesla Model Y: what to expect?". Electrek. https://electrek.co/2018/10/22/tesla-model-y/. 
  16. ↑ O'Kane, Sean (October 24, 2018). "Tesla's Model Y crossover is ready for production, Elon Musk says". The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2018/10/24/18020936/teslas-model-y-crossover-prototype-production. 
  17. ↑ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk] (March 3, 2019). "Model Y unveil event on March 14 at LA Design Studio" (in en). https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1102332778492772352. 
  18. ↑ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk] (March 3, 2019). "Normal" (in en). https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1102340302663180288. 
  19. ↑ Field, Kyle (June 8, 2019). "Streamlining Manufacturing of the Tesla Model 3 For The Model Y". https://cleantechnica.com/2019/06/08/streamlining-manufacturing-of-the-tesla-model-3-for-the-model-y/. "the Model Y is notably larger than the Model 3 and has a larger frontal surface area as a result. Combined with its 8–10% heavier build, that will result in a lower efficiency than the 3" 
  20. ↑ "Tesla Q4 2020 Vehicle Production & Deliveries" (Press release). Tesla, Inc. January 2, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2024.
  21. ↑ "Tesla Q4 2021 Vehicle Production & Deliveries" (Press release). Tesla, Inc. January 2, 2022. Retrieved January 15, 2024.
  22. ↑ "Tesla Q4 2022 Vehicle Production & Deliveries" (Press release). Tesla, Inc. January 2, 2023. Retrieved January 15, 2024.
  23. ↑ "Tesla Q4 2023 Vehicle Production & Deliveries" (Press release). Tesla, Inc. January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 15, 2024.
  24. ↑ Kolodny, Lora (May 29, 2019). "Tesla is rejiggering its Fremont factory to build the Model Y SUV and a Model S refresh". CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/29/tesla-fremont-factory-prepping-for-model-y-production-model-s-refresh.html. 
  25. ↑ "Q4 and FY2019 Update". Tesla. January 29, 2020. https://tesla-cdn.thron.com/static/O7WXQA_TSLA_Update_Letter_2019-4Q_BPWOH4.pdf. 
  26. ↑ Lambert, Fred (November 12, 2019). "Elon Musk: Tesla is going to build Gigafactory 4 in 'Berlin area'". Electrek. http://electrek.co/2019/11/12/tesla-gigafactory-4-berlin-germany/. 
  27. ↑ Die Verleihung des Goldenen Lenkrads 2019: Das sind die besten Autos des Jahres!. AUTO BILD. November 12, 2019.
  28. ↑ Alvarez, Simon (December 17, 2020). "Tesla Model Y initial production begins in Gigafactory Shanghai". https://www.teslarati.com/tesla-model-y-production-begins-giga-shangha-video/. 
  29. ↑ Capparella, Joey (March 15, 2019). "The Tesla Model Y Is the All-Electric Brand's Entry into the Compact-Crossover Fray". Car and Driver. https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a26828716/tesla-model-y-photos-info/. Retrieved March 14, 2019. 
  30. ↑ Merano, Maria (November 23, 2020). "Tesla China signs contract with LG Chem for Model Y production". https://www.teslarati.com/tesla-china-signs-contract-with-lg-chem-for-model-y-production/. 
  31. ↑ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk] (October 7, 2020). "Giga Berlin Model Y will get single-piece rear and front frame cast" (in en). https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1313854912212750346. 
  32. ↑ Alvarez, Simon (October 7, 2020). "Tesla Model Y from Giga Berlin will utilize 4680 cells and structural battery pack". https://www.teslarati.com/tesla-model-y-giga-berlin-4680-cells-structural-battery-pack-confirmed-elon-musk. 
  33. ↑ Brown, Mike (August 2, 2021). "Tesla Model Y: Elon Musk teases 'new design' to reach even more buyers". https://www.inverse.com/innovation/tesla-model-y-suv-redesign. 
  34. ↑ Fox, Eva (August 13, 2020). "Tesla Fremont to Soon Activate World's Largest Unibody Casting Machine in Mass Model Y Production". https://www.tesmanian.com/blogs/tesmanian-blog/tesla-model-y-from-fremont-will-soon-use-the-biggest-casting-machine-for-mass-production. 
  35. ↑ Alvarez, Simon (September 3, 2020). "Elon Musk shares details on Tesla Model Y redesign, battery cell production in Giga Berlin". https://www.teslarati.com/tesla-model-y-redesign-giga-berlin-battery-cell-production-details-elon-musk-interview-video/. 
  36. ↑ "Tesla bets on aluminum casting for German plant". September 8, 2020. https://europe.autonews.com/automakers/tesla-bets-aluminum-casting-german-plant. 
  37. ↑ Günnel, Thomas (August 21, 2020). "Karosserie aus einem Guss: "Eine schöne und lohnenswerte Aufgabe"" (in de). https://www.fahrzeug-karosserie.de/karosserie-aus-einem-guss-eine-schoene-und-lohnenswerte-aufgabe-a-957640/. 
  38. ↑ Alvarez, Simon (2023-02-07). "Tesla Giga Press supplier IDRA teases new "Neo" die-casting machine" (in en-US). https://www.teslarati.com/tesla-giga-press-idra-teases-neo-die-casting-machine-teaser/. 
  39. ↑ Mihalascu, Dan (January 10, 2023). "IDRA Group Builds Another 9,000-Ton Giga Press, Will Ship It To Asia" (in en). https://insideevs.com/news/630316/idra-group-builds-another-9000-ton-giga-press-will-ship-asia/. 
  40. ↑ Nagaraj, Rahul (2021-06-14). "Tesla drops lumbar support feature due to 'almost no usage'". Team-BHP.com. https://www.team-bhp.com/news/tesla-drops-lumbar-support-feature-due-almost-no-usage. 
  41. ↑ Lambert, Fred (May 31, 2021). "Tesla delivers new Model Y without passenger lumbar support, and it's unclear why (update)". Electrek. https://electrek.co/2021/05/31/tesla-delivers-new-model-y-without-passenger-lumbar-support-why/. 
  42. ↑ Kay, Grace (2023-03-21). "Tesla reportedly saw an uptick in crashes and mistakes after Elon Musk removed radar from its cars". Business Insider (US). https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-uptick-crashes-accidents-elon-musk-removed-radar-autopilot-report-2023-3. 
  43. ↑ Singh, Dev (2023-04-03). "Tesla removes parking sensors, its cars start running into things". CarExpert (Australia). https://www.carexpert.com.au/car-news/tesla-removes-parking-sensors-to-save-money-the-results-are-predictably-terrible. 
  44. ↑ Lambert, Fred (March 24, 2020). "Elon Musk: Tesla Model Y heat pump is some of the best engineering I've seen in a while". https://electrek.co/2020/03/23/tesla-model-y-heat-pump-elon-musk-best-engineering/. 
  45. ↑ Erwin, Blane (March 26, 2020). "Model Y is the first Tesla with a heat pump. Here's why that's a big deal.". https://www.currentautomotive.com/model-y-is-the-first-tesla-with-a-heat-pump-heres-why-thats-a-big-deal/. 
  46. ↑ Schmidt, Bridie (March 18, 2020). "Model Y has heat pump to solve issue of range in cold weather". https://thedriven.io/2020/03/18/model-y-has-heat-pump-to-solve-issue-of-range-in-cold-weather/. 
  47. ↑ "Tesla and other electric car batteries lose 40% of their range in extremely cold weather: AAA". February 7, 2019. https://www.marketwatch.com/story/cold-weather-saps-electric-car-batteries-2019-02-07. 
  48. ↑ Claribelle Deveza, Ma. (March 23, 2020). "Tesla Model Y Heat Pump: Deep Dive and Closer Look". https://www.tesmanian.com/blogs/tesmanian-blog/tesla-model-y-heat-pump-range. 
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  51. ↑ Ruffo, Gustavo Henrique (April 6, 2020). "Tesla Octovalve Is The Video Sandy Munro Has Not Captured Yet". https://insideevs.com/news/408232/tesla-octovalve-sandy-munro-unshot-video/. 
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  53. ↑ "Tesla Octovalve analysis" (in en-GB). 2021-08-08. https://www.emobility-engineering.com/tesla-octovalve/. 
  54. ↑ "Elon Musk discusses Model Y". April 14, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pih4kU6yvz8. 
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  56. ↑ "Tesla investigated over 'phantom braking' problem". BBC. February 18, 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-60432351. 
  57. ↑ "Tesla Press Information". https://www.tesla.com/presskit. 
  58. ↑ "2021 Tesla Model Y: Preview, Pricing, Release Date". https://www.carsdirect.com/2021/tesla/model-y. 
  59. ↑ "Design Your Model Y | Tesla" (in en). https://www.tesla.com/modely/design. 
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  61. ↑ Kane, Mark (July 13, 2020). "Tesla Cancels Sub $40,000 Standard Range Tesla Model Y" (in en). https://insideevs.com/news/433680/tesla-cancel-standard-range-tesla-model-y/. 
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  75. ↑ Dow, Jameson (October 2, 2023). "Cheapest Model Y ever? Tesla starts selling Model Y RWD in US for $44k". Electrek. https://electrek.co/2023/10/02/cheapest-model-y-ever-tesla-starts-selling-model-y-rwd-in-us-for-44k/. 
  76. ↑ "Exclusive: Tesla readies export of Model Y to Canada from China" (in en). Reuters. 2023-04-24. https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-readies-export-model-y-canada-china-source-memo-2023-04-24/. 
  77. ↑ Kane, Mark (Aug 17, 2022). "Tesla Delivers First Model Y In Australia and New Zealand" (in en). https://insideevs.com/news/604969/tesla-delivers-modely-australia-new-zealand/. 
  78. ↑ Zachariah, Ben (2023-04-04). "New price cuts for 2023 Tesla Model 3 and Model Y electric cars in Australia" (in en-AU). https://www.drive.com.au/news/tesla-model-3-model-y-price-cuts-april-2023/. 
  79. ↑ Kane, Mark (June 5, 2020). "Tesla Launches Model Y Online Design Studio For Chinese Market". https://insideevs.com/news/427178/tesla-model-y-online-design-studio-china/. 
  80. ↑ Moss, Trefor (January 18, 2021). "Tesla Starts Delivering China-Made Model Y Crossover" (in en-US). The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-starts-delivering-china-made-model-y-crossover-11610966805. 
  81. ↑ Insights, Benzinga EV (January 6, 2021). "Tesla Sells Out Of Q1 Supply Of Model Y In China Just Days After Opening Order Page: Report" (in en). https://www.benzinga.com/tech/21/01/19042173/tesla-sells-out-of-q1-supply-of-model-y-in-china-just-days-after-opening-order-page-report. 
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  87. ↑ "2023 Tesla Model Y Performance AWD". https://fueleconomy.gov/feg/Find.do?action=sbs&id=46213. 
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  89. ↑ w/ 19" wheels
  90. ↑ w/ 20" wheels
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  95. ↑ "Tesla Model Y Long Range Dual Motor" (in en). https://ev-database.org/car/1182/Tesla-Model-Y-Long-Range-Dual-Motor. 
  96. ↑ "Tesla Model Y Performance" (in en). https://ev-database.org/car/1183/Tesla-Model-Y-Performance. 
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