Lakh
A lakh (/læk, lɑːk/; abbreviated L; sometimes written lac[1]) is a unit in the Indian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000; scientific notation: 105).[1][2] In the Indian 2,2,3 convention of digit grouping, it is written as 1,00,000.[3] For example, in India, 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 lakh rupees, written as ₹1,50,000 or INR 1,50,000.
It is widely used both in official and other contexts in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India , Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan , and Sri Lanka. It is often used in Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan English.
Usage
In Indian English, the word is used both as an attributive and non-attributive noun with either an unmarked or marked ("-s") plural, respectively. For example: "1 lakh people"; "lakhs of people"; "20 lakh rupees"; "lakhs of rupees". In the abbreviated form, usage such as "₹5L" or "₹5 lac" (for "5 lakh rupees") is common.[4] In this system of numeration, 100 lakh is called one crore[3] and is equal to 10 million.
Silver market
The term is also used in the pricing of silver on the international precious metals market, where one lakh equals 100,000 troy ounces (3,100 kilograms) of silver.[5][6]
Etymology and regional variants
The modern word lakh derives from Sanskrit: लक्ष, romanized: lakṣa, originally denoting "mark, target, stake in gambling", but also used as the numeral for "100,000" in Gupta-era Classical Sanskrit (Yājñavalkya Smṛti, Harivaṃśa).[7]
Another possible etymology comes from the root word for the lac bug, used to produce shellac. The word lakh is a unit in the Indian numbering system for 100,000 and presumably refers to the large number of insects that swarm on host trees, up to 150 per square inch (23/cm2).[8]
- In Assamese: লক্ষ lokhyo, or লাখ lakh
- In Bengali: natively (tadbhava) known as লাখ lākh, though some use the ardha-tatsama লক্ষ lokkho.
- In Hindi: लाख lākh
- In Dhivehi: ލައްކަ la'kha
- In Gujarati: લાખ lākh
- In Kannada: ಲಕ್ಷ lakṣha
- In Kashmiri: Template:Uninastaliq lachh
- In Khasi: lak
- In Malayalam: ലക്ഷം laksham
- In Marathi: लाख / लक्ष lākh/laksha
- In Meitei: ꯂꯥꯛ lāk
- In Nepali: लाख lākh
- In Odia: ଲକ୍ଷ lôkhyô
- In Punjabi: (Shahmukhi: لکھ, Gurmukhi: ਲੱਖ) lakkh
- In Sinhala: ලක්ෂ lakṣa
- In Tamil: இலட்சம் latcham
- In Telugu: లక్ష laksha
- In Urdu: لاکھ lākh
See also
- Crore (100 lakh, or 10 million)
- English numerals
- Myriad
- Names of large numbers
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "lakh". How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 15 December 2008. http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/units/dictL.html. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
- ↑ Template:OED1
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedEB1911 - ↑ Posamentier, Alfred S.; Poole, Peter (23 March 2020) (in en). Understanding Mathematics Through Problem Solving. World Scientific. ISBN 978-981-4663-69-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=FmPcDwAAQBAJ&dq=use+of+cr+%22crore%22+abbreviation&pg=PA478.
- ↑ Gilkes, Paul (3 July 2017). "CME Group/Thomson Reuters step down from executing the London silver fix". http://www.coinworld.com/news/precious-metals/2017/03/cme-group-thomson-reuters-out-of-silver-price-ficing.all.html.
- ↑ "Units of Measure". perthmint.com.au. http://www.perthmint.com.au/education_uom.aspx.
- ↑ "lakṣá10881". "lakṣhá 10881" in: A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages. London: Oxford University Press, 1962-1966. Includes three supplements, published 1969-1985. Digital South Asia Library, a project of the Center for Research Libraries and the University of Chicago. 1985. p. 629. https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?p.3:88.soas. "lakṣh masculine "stake, prize" R̥igved, "mark, sign" Mahābhārat, "100,000" Yājñavalkya, "aim" Kālidās]"
- ↑ Berenbaum, May (1993). Ninety-nine More Maggots, Mites, and Munchers. University of Illinois Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-252-02016-2. https://archive.org/details/ninetyninemorema00bere.
External links
- IINRG, Ranchi. "Government Organisation". http://ilri.ernet.in/.
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