Medicine:Monofixation syndrome
| Monofixation syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Microtropia, microstrabismus |
| Specialty | Ophthalmology Optometry |
Monofixation syndrome (MFS) (also: microtropia or microstrabismus) is an eye condition defined by less-than-perfect binocular vision.[1] It is defined by a small angle deviation with suppression of the deviated eye and the presence of binocular peripheral fusion.[2] That is, MFS implies peripheral fusion without central fusion.
Aside the manifest small-angle deviation ("tropia"), subjects with MFS often also have a large-angle latent deviation (phoria). Their stereoacuity is often in the range of 3000 to 70 arcsecond, and a small central suppression scotoma of 2 to 5 deg.[3]
A rare condition, MFS is estimated to affect only 1% of the general population. There are three distinguishable forms of this condition: primary constant, primary decompensating and consecutive MFS. It is believed that primary MFS is a result of a primary sensorial defect, predisposing to anomalous retinal correspondence.[4]
Secondary MFS is a frequent outcome of surgical treatment of congenital esotropia.[2] A study of 1981 showed MFS to result in the vast majority of cases if surgical alignment is reached before the age of 24 months and only in a minority of cases if it is reached later.[5]
MFS was first described by Marshall Parks.[3]
References
- ↑ Monofixation Syndrome: eMedicine Ophthalmology. 2017-01-07. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1199953-overview.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Congenital esotropia". Ophthalmol Clin North Am 14 (3): 419–24, viii. September 2001. doi:10.1016/S0896-1549(05)70239-X. PMID 11705141.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kenneth Weston Wright; Peter H. Spiegel (January 2003). Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 174. ISBN 978-0-387-95478-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=ydim6J7sFS4C&pg=PA174.
- ↑ Lang J (1983). "Microtropia". Int Ophthalmol 6 (1): 33–6. doi:10.1007/BF00137371. PMID 6826290.
- ↑ M.R. Ing (1961). "Early surgical alignment for congenital esotropia". Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society (79): 625–663. Cited according to: Myron Yanoff; Jay S. Duker; James J. Augsburger (2009). Ophthalmology. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 1323. ISBN 978-0-323-04332-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=u43MTFr7-m8C&pg=PA1323.
External links
| Classification | |
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| External resources |
de:Mikrostrabismus
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