Software:NordVPN

From HandWiki
NordVPN
Developer(s)NordVPN s.a.[1][2]
Initial releaseFebruary 13, 2012; 14 years ago (February 13, 2012)[3]
Stable releaseAndroid 6.27.2 (January 23, 2024; 2 years ago (2024-01-23)[4]) [±]

iOS 8.20.1 (January 17, 2024; 2 years ago (2024-01-17)[5]) [±]
macOS 8.15.1 (January 17, 2024; 2 years ago (2024-01-17)[6]) [±]
Windows 7.17.3 (January 4, 2024; 2 years ago (2024-01-04)) [±]
Linux 3.17.0 (January 16, 2024; 2 years ago (2024-01-16)) [±]

tvOS 1.0.0 (December 18, 2023; 2 years ago (2023-12-18)[7]) [±]
Operating system
Platform
TypeVirtual Private Network
LicenseProprietary server and client except Linux client: GPLv3 only github.com/NordSecurity/nordvpn-linux
Websitenordvpn.com

NordVPN is a Lithuanian[8][9][10] VPN service founded in 2012. NordVPN is developed by Nord Security (formerly Nordsec Ltd),[11] a cybersecurity software company that was initially supported by Tesonet, a Lithuanian startup accelerator and business incubator. NordVPN states it operates in Panama, but Nord Security is incorporated in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.[12] Its offices are located in Lithuania, the United Kingdom, Panama, and the Netherlands.[11]

The service has applications for Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS, Android TV, and tvOS.[13][14][15] Manual setup is available for wireless routers, NAS devices, and other platforms.[16][17]

History

NordVPN was established in 2012 by a group of childhood friends, with Eimantas Sabaliauskas and Tomas Okmanas at the helm.[18] It presented an Android app in late May 2016, followed by an iOS app in June of the same year.[19] In October 2017, it launched a browser extension for Google Chrome.[20] The service launched applications for Android TV in 2018[21] and tvOS in 2023.[15] As of January 2026, NordVPN operates 8,000+ servers covering 178 countries.[22][23]

In March 2019, it was reported that NordVPN received a directive from Russian authorities to join a state-sponsored registry of banned websites, which would prevent Russian NordVPN users from circumventing state censorship. NordVPN was reportedly given one month to comply, or face blocking by Russian authorities.[24] The provider declined to comply with the request and shut down its Russian servers on April 1.

In September 2019, NordVPN announced NordVPN Teams, a VPN solution aimed at small and medium businesses, remote teams, and freelancers who need secure access to work resources.[25] Two years later, NordVPN Teams rebranded as NordLayer and moved toward SASE business solutions.[26][27]

On October 29, 2019, NordVPN announced additional audits and a public bug bounty program.[28] The bug bounty was launched in December 2019, offering researchers monetary rewards for reporting critical flaws in the service.[29]

In December 2019, NordVPN became one of the five founding members of the newly formed VPN Trust Initiative, promising to promote online security as well as more self-regulation and transparency in the industry.[30] In 2020, the initiative announced five key areas of focus: security, privacy, advertising practices, disclosure and transparency, and social responsibility.[31]

In August 2020, Troy Hunt, an Australian web security expert and founder of Have I Been Pwned?, announced a partnership with NordVPN as a strategic advisor.[32]

In 2022, NordVPN closed its physical servers in India in response to the CERT-In's order for VPN companies to store consumers' personal data for a period of five years.[33]

In April 2022, NordVPN's parent company Nord Security raised $100 million in a round of funding led by Novator. The company's valuation reached $1.6 billion.[34] In September 2023, the company grew and raised more funding, making it valued at $3 billion.[35]

In 2022, Surfshark and Nord Security merged under one holding company.[36]

In July 2024, at the request of Roskomnadzor, Apple removed NordVPN from the Russian App Store.[37][38] The company later confirmed that it had fully exited the Russian market.[39]

As of 2026, Nord Security reported having over 20 million users across its products,[40] while NordVPN accounted for approximately 15 million users.[34]

Technology

NordVPN has desktop applications for Windows, macOS, and Linux, as well as mobile apps for Android, iOS and Android TV app. Subscribers also get access to encrypted proxy extensions for Chrome, Edge and Firefox browsers.[41][42] Subscribers can connect up to six devices simultaneously.[43] NordVPN has released their Linux client under the terms of the GPLv3 only.[44]

In November 2018, NordVPN claimed that its no-log policy was verified through an audit by PricewaterhouseCoopers AG.[45][46]

In 2021, NordVPN completed an application security audit, carried out by a security research group VerSprite. VerSprite performed penetration testing and, according to the company, found no critical vulnerabilities. One flaw and a few bugs that were found in the audit have since been patched.[47]

In October 2020, NordVPN started rolling out its first colocated servers in Finland to secure the hardware perimeter. The RAM-based servers are fully owned and operated by NordVPN in an attempt to keep full control.[48][49]

In December 2020, NordVPN initiated a network-wide rollout of 10 Gbit/s servers, upgrading from the earlier 1 Gbit/s standard. The company's servers in Amsterdam and Tokyo were the first to support 10 Gbit/s, and by December 21, 2020, over 20% of the company's network had been upgraded.[50][51]

In January 2022, NordVPN released an open-source VPN speed testing tool, available for download from GitHub.[52]

In late 2023, NordVPN unveiled a dedicated app for tvOS immediately after Apple started supporting third-party VPN applications with the release of tvOS 17.[53]

Soon after, at the beginning of March 2024, NordVPN announced virtual server support in 50 new locations where physical servers were limited.[54]

In September 2024, NordVPN launched post-quantum encryption support for its Linux app.[55]

Anti-malware tools

In February 2022, NordVPN introduced an antivirus functionality available as part of the regular VPN license. The opt-in Threat Protection feature blocks web trackers, warns users about malicious websites, and blocks downloaded files that contain malware.[56] As of March 2022, the feature is available on the Windows and macOS apps and works without connecting to a VPN server.[57]

Protocols

For encryption, NordVPN has been using the OpenVPN and Internet Key Exchange v2/IPsec technologies in its applications[58] and also introduced its proprietary NordLynx technology in 2019.[59] NordLynx is a VPN tool based on the WireGuard protocol, which aims for better performance than the IPsec and OpenVPN tunneling protocols.[60] According to tests performed by Wired UK, NordLynx produces "speed boosts of hundreds of MB/s under some conditions."[61]

In April 2020, NordVPN announced the gradual roll-out of the WireGuard-based NordLynx protocol on all its platforms.[62] The wider implementation was preceded by a total of 256,886 tests, which included 47 virtual machines on nine different providers, in 19 cities, and eight countries. The tests showed higher average download and upload speeds than both OpenVPN and IKEv2. NordVPN once used L2TP/IPSec and Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) connections for routers, but these were later removed, as they were largely outdated and insecure.

In 2025, NordVPN launched a new VPN protocol called NordWhisper. It was introduced as a way to get around networks that limit traditional VPN traffic. NordWhisper is meant to mimic regular web traffic, blend in, and make it more difficult for network filters to identify and block it.[63]

Additional features

Besides general-use VPN servers, the provider offers servers for specific purposes, including P2P sharing, double encryption, and connection to the Tor anonymity network.[45] NordVPN offers three subscription plans: monthly, yearly and bi-yearly.

In November 2020, NordVPN launched a feature that scans the dark web to determine if a user's personal credentials have been exposed. When the Dark Web Monitor feature finds any leaked credentials, it sends a real-time alert, prompting the user to change the affected passwords.[64]

In June 2022, NordVPN launched the Meshnet feature that allows users to create their own private network by linking up to 60 devices. Some of the promoted use cases include file sharing between different devices, multiplayer gaming, and virtual routing.[65]

No-logs claims

To verify its no-logs claims, NordVPN has undergone multiple independent audits. The first audit was conducted in November 2018 when NordVPN's no-log policy was verified by PricewaterhouseCoopers.[54][55]

In 2020, NordVPN underwent a second security audit by PricewaterhouseCoopers. The testing focused on NordVPN's Standard VPN, Double VPN, Obfuscated (XOR) VPN, P2P servers, and the product's central infrastructure. The audit confirmed that the company's privacy policy was upheld and the no-logging policy was followed.[66]

Subsequent no-logs audits were performed by Deloitte in 2022, 2023, and 2024.[67] In addition to the no-logs policy audit, NordVPN underwent independent security audits of its applications and server infrastructure.[68][69]

Reception

Several publications, including Tom's Guide,[70] PC Magazine,[45] CNET,[23] and TechRadar[71] have reviewed NordVPN. Most noted that NordVPN's features such as choosing server location, and speed are good. They also noted the service's high price compared to others in the category.

Criticism

On October 21, 2019, a security researcher disclosed on Twitter a server breach of NordVPN involving a leaked private key.[72][73][74] The cyberattack granted the attackers root access, which was used to generate an HTTPS certificate that enabled the attackers to perform man-in-the-middle attacks to intercept the communications of NordVPN users.[75] In response, NordVPN confirmed that one of its servers based in Finland was breached in March 2018, but there was no evidence of an actual man-in-the-middle attack ever taking place.[76][77] The exploit was the result of a vulnerability in a contracted data center's remote administration system that affected the Finland server between January 31 and March 20, 2018.[76] Evidence suggests that when the data center became aware of the intrusion, all accounts that had caused the vulnerabilities were deleted and NordVPN was not notified about the mistake.[77][78]

According to NordVPN, the data center disclosed the breach to NordVPN on April 13, 2019, and NordVPN ended its relationship with the data center.[77] In addition, experts state that there are no indications of any user's private information such as user credentials, billing details, or any other profile-related information being compromised during that event.[79][80][78] Security researchers and media outlets criticized NordVPN for failing to promptly disclose the breach after the company became aware of it.[74][73][81] NordVPN stated that the company initially planned to disclose the breach after it completed the audit of its 5,000 servers for any similar risks[74] and later put regular updates on its blog.[79]

On November 1, 2019, in a separate incident, it was reported that approximately 2,000 usernames and passwords of NordVPN accounts were exposed through credential stuffing.[82][83]

In 2019, the Advertising Standards Authority (United Kingdom) (ASA) advised NordVPN not to repeat claims that public WiFi is so insecure it is equivalent to handing out your personal information to the people around you.[84] The ASA ruled that HTTPS already provides "a significant layer of security" and that the impression the ad gave that users were at a significant risk from data theft was erroneous.[85] In 2023, the ASA again ruled against NordVPN, this time over an advertisement which claimed NordVPN could "switch off... malware", holding that, in context, listeners were "likely to understand" it to mean the product would stop all malware, which NordVPN did not substantiate in response to the ASA.[86]

In January 2022, NordVPN updated its policy regarding law enforcement cooperation,[87] according to statements from PCMag[88] and TechRadar.[89] Previously, NordVPN had maintained a strict no-logs policy, preventing any user-identifying data from being stored. The 2023 update clarified that, while the no-logs policy continued, NordVPN would comply with law enforcement requests when required by local legal authorities. This change reflected increased regulatory pressures on VPN providers to support investigations related to cybersecurity and criminal activities.[87]

Privacy advocates expressed concern that this cooperation might compromise user privacy and set a precedent for other VPN services. Critics argued that any law enforcement compliance could challenge NordVPN's commitment to anonymity, while NordVPN, as cited by TechRadar, asserted its dedication to privacy by only responding to legal requests and maintaining minimal data retention.[89] Transparency statements from the company outlined strict compliance conditions, aiming to reassure users about privacy safeguards under the revised policy.[90]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "General Terms of Service". https://my.nordaccount.com/legal/terms-of-service/. 
  2. ↑ "Nordvpn S.A.". https://apps.apple.com/us/developer/nordvpn-s-a/id1548694093. 
  3. ↑ Nadel, Brian (April 10, 2018). "NordVPN Review: Easy But Slow". https://www.tomsguide.com/us/nord-vpn,review-4494.html. 
  4. ↑ NordVPN (January 23, 2024). "NordVPN - Fast & Secure VPN". Google. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nordvpn.android. 
  5. ↑ NordVPN (January 17, 2024). "VPN: Fast & Unlimited NordVPN". Apple. https://apps.apple.com/us/app/vpn-fast-unlimited-nordvpn/id905953485. 
  6. ↑ NordVPN (January 17, 2024). "NordVPN: VPN Fast & Secure". Apple. https://apps.apple.com/us/app/nordvpn-vpn-fast-secure/id905953485. 
  7. ↑ NordVPN (December 18, 2023). "NordVPN: VPN Fast & Secure". Apple. https://apps.apple.com/us/app/nordvpn-vpn-fast-secure/id905953485. 
  8. ↑ Prakash, Prarthana (September 30, 2024). "How Nord VPN has become Lithuania's tech darling" (in en). https://fortune.com/europe/2024/09/30/nord-vpn-security-millions-customers-lithuania/. 
  9. ↑ Shead, Sam (6 April 2022). "A VPN company just became Lithuania's second tech unicorn" (in en). https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/06/nordvpn-nord-security-just-became-lithuanias-second-tech-unicorn.html. 
  10. ↑ "Security startup becomes Lithuania's second unicorn" (in en). 8 April 2022. https://www.lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/1667427/security-startup-becomes-lithuania-s-second-unicorn. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 David Gewirtz (May 22, 2020). "Meet NordSec: The company behind NordVPN wants to be your one-stop privacy suite". ZDNet. https://www.zdnet.com/article/meet-nordsec-the-company-behind-nordvpn-wants-to-be-your-one-stop-privacy-suite/. 
  12. ↑ "Imprint (nordsecurity.com)" (in en). https://nordsecurity.com/impressum. 
  13. ↑ Schofield, Jack (November 24, 2016). "How can I protect myself from government snoopers?". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/askjack/2016/nov/24/how-can-i-protect-myself-from-government-snoopers. 
  14. ↑ Caruana, Anthony (June 19, 2018). "NordVPN Launches Android TV App". https://www.lifehacker.com.au/2018/06/nordvpn-launches-android-tv-app/. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Bonk, Lawrence (December 18, 2023). "NordVPN arrives on Apple's tvOS". https://www.engadget.com/nordvpn-comes-to-the-apple-tv-162030095.html. 
  16. ↑ Tiwari, Aditya (October 29, 2017). "NordVPN In-Depth Review: A Reliable VPN For Security And Performance". https://fossbytes.com/nordvpn-review-secure-vpn/. 
  17. ↑ Gus (November 7, 2022). "How to Setup NordVPN on the Raspberry Pi". https://pimylifeup.com/raspberry-pi-nordvpn/. 
  18. ↑ "The founders and owners of NordVPN" (in en-US). https://support.nordvpn.com/hc/en-us/articles/20911146148113-The-founders-and-owners-of-NordVPN. 
  19. ↑ Vigliarolo, Brandon (July 1, 2016). "NordVPN offers powerful mobile VPN service and app, but there's Wi-Fi gotcha". https://www.techrepublic.com/article/nordvpn-offers-powerful-mobile-vpn-service-and-app-but-theres-wi-fi-gotcha/. 
  20. ↑ Real, Mark (October 3, 2017). "NordVPN Launches Extension For Google Chrome Browser". https://www.androidheadlines.com/2017/10/nordvpn-launches-extension-google-chrome-browser.html. 
  21. ↑ Maxham, Alexander (June 19, 2018). "NordVPN Is Now Available On Android TV". https://www.androidheadlines.com/2018/06/nordvpn-is-now-available-on-android-tv.html. 
  22. ↑ "NordVPN severs list". https://nordvpn.com/servers/. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 "NordVPN Review 2025: Fast, Private and Superb for Streaming" (in en). 2025-10-09. https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/nordvpn-review/. 
  24. ↑ "Russia Threatens to Block Popular VPN Services to Prevent Website Access". Reuters. March 29, 2019. https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2019/03/29/russia-threatens-to-block-popular-vpn-services-to-prevent-website-access-a65007. 
  25. ↑ Spadafora, Anthony (September 12, 2019). "NordVPN Teams is a VPN solution for businesses" (in en). https://www.techradar.com/news/nordvpn-teams-is-a-vpn-solution-for-businesses. 
  26. ↑ "Goodbye NordVPN Teams – Hello NordLayer!" (in en). https://nordlayer.com/blog/bye-nordvpn-teams-hello-nordlayer/. 
  27. ↑ Masiliauskas, Paulius (September 14, 2021). "NordVPN Teams rebrands as NordLayer, moves towards SASE business solutions". CyberNews. https://cybernews.com/news/nordvpn-teams-business-solution-rebrands-as-nordlayer/. 
  28. ↑ Kan, Michael (October 29, 2019). "NordVPN Beefs Up Security With Audit, Bug Bounty Program". https://www.pcmag.com/news/371621/nordvpn-beefs-up-security-with-audit-bug-bounty-program. 
  29. ↑ Spadafora, Anthony (December 10, 2019). "NordVPN boosts security with new bug bounty program" (in en). https://www.techradar.com/news/nordvpn-boosts-security-with-new-bug-bounty-program. 
  30. ↑ Eddy, Max (December 19, 2019). "Can a New Alliance Help VPN Companies Prove Themselves Trustworthy". https://www.pcmag.com/opinions/can-a-new-alliance-help-vpn-companies-prove-themselves-trustworthy. 
  31. ↑ "i2Coalition's VPN Trust Initiative (VTI) Unveils the VTI Principles". September 29, 2020. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/i2coalition-vpn-trust-initiative-vti-123500629.html. 
  32. ↑ Troy, Hunt (August 7, 2020). "I'm Partnering with NordVPN as a Strategic Advisor". https://www.troyhunt.com/im-partnering-with-nord-as-a-strategic-adviser. 
  33. ↑ "After Surfshark and ExpressVPN, now NordVPN to shut down India servers". June 14, 2022. https://www.gadgetsnow.com/tech-news/after-surfshark-and-expressvpn-now-nordvpn-to-to-shut-down-india-servers/articleshow/92211578.cms. 
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Lunden, Ingrid (April 7, 2022). "NordVPN raises its first money, $100M at a $1.6B valuation" (in en). https://techcrunch.com/2022/04/06/nord-security-the-startup-behind-nordvpn-raises-its-first-ever-funding-100m-at-a-1-6b-valuation/. 
  35. ↑ "Nord Security raised another $100M investment round" (in en). https://nordsecurity.com/blog/nord-security-raised-another-100m-investment-round. 
  36. ↑ "Nord Security joins forces with Surfshark | NordVPN" (in en). 2022-02-02. https://nordvpn.com/blog/nord-security-surfshark-merger-agreement/. 
  37. ↑ "Russia says Apple blocks 25 VPN apps in Russia, IFX reports". Reuters. 4 July 2024. https://www.reuters.com/technology/russia-says-apple-blocks-25-vpn-apps-russia-ifx-reports-2024-07-04. 
  38. ↑ "Apple reportedly removes 25 VPN services from Russian App Store". The Record. July 2024. https://therecord.media/apple-app-store-russia-vpns. 
  39. ↑ "Russia’s battle against VPNs is entering a new phase: Here's what to expect in 2026". TechRadar. 24 January 2024. https://www.techradar.com/vpn/vpn-services/russias-battle-against-vpns-is-entering-a-new-phase-heres-what-to-expect-in-2026. 
  40. ↑ "Lietuvių įkurta „Nord Security“ ir „Surfshark“ grupė peržengė 1 mlrd. eurų metinės apyvartos ribą" (in lt). https://unicorns.lt/naujienos/lietuviu-ikurta-nord-security-ir-surfshark-grupe-perzenge-1-mlrd-euru-metines-apyvartos-riba. 
  41. ↑ Paul, Ian (July 6, 2017). "NordVPN review: A great choice for Netflix fans, but who's running the show?". https://www.pcworld.com/article/3200777/nordvpn-vpn-review.html. 
  42. ↑ "NordVPN Browser Extensions" (in en-US). https://insider-gaming.com/vpn-gaming/nord/browser-extensions/. 
  43. ↑ "NordVPN review: Still the best value for security and speed". CNET. https://www.cnet.com/reviews/nordvpn-review/. 
  44. ↑ NordVPN for Linux, Nord Security, 2023-03-21, https://github.com/NordSecurity/nordvpn-linux, retrieved 2023-03-22 
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 Eddy, Max (February 28, 2019). "NordVPN". https://uk.pcmag.com/vpn/40845/nordvpn. 
  46. ↑ Orphanides, K. G. (May 10, 2019). "The best VPNs to keep your browsing safe and secure". Wired UK. ISSN 1357-0978. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/best-vpn-for-mac-android-iphone-windows-free-and-paid. 
  47. ↑ Spadafora, Anthony (June 23, 2021). "NordVPN passes major security test". https://www.techradar.com/news/nordvpn-passes-major-security-test. 
  48. ↑ Athow, Desire (October 6, 2020). "NordVPN unleashes colocated servers for greater security" (in en). https://www.techradar.com/news/nordvpn-unleashes-colocated-servers-for-greater-security. 
  49. ↑ Nichols, Shaun (October 12, 2020). "One year after server hackers left NordVPN red-faced, firm's first colocated setup is online" (in en). https://www.theregister.com/2020/10/12/roundup_week_oct9/. 
  50. ↑ Harber-Lamond, Mo (December 25, 2020). "NordVPN begins worldwide speed upgrade with 10 Gbit/s server rollout". https://www.tomsguide.com/news/nordvpn-begins-worldwide-speed-upgrade-with-10gbps-server-rollout. 
  51. ↑ Spadafora, Anthony (December 22, 2020). "This VPN giant is getting a major speed upgrade". https://www.techradar.com/news/this-vpn-giant-is-getting-a-major-speed-upgrade. 
  52. ↑ Spadafora, Anthony (January 19, 2022). "NordVPN wants to help you test the speed of your VPN connection". https://www.techradar.com/news/nordvpn-wants-to-help-you-test-the-speed-of-your-vpn-connection. 
  53. ↑ "NordVPN releases new Apple TV VPN app" (in en). 2023-12-20. https://www.techradar.com/computing/cyber-security/nordvpn-releases-new-apple-tv-vpn-app. 
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 Grigutyte, Monika (2024-03-07). "NordVPN releases virtual servers in new locations". https://nordvpn.com/blog/new-nordvpn-virtual-servers/. 
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 "NordVPN joins the post-quantum revolution" (in en). 2024-10-01. https://www.techradar.com/pro/vpn/nordvpn-joins-the-post-quantum-revolution. 
  56. ↑ Kan, Michael (February 9, 2022). "NordVPN to Offer Antivirus Through Built-In 'Threat Protection' Feature". https://www.pcmag.com/news/nordvpn-to-offer-antivirus-through-built-in-threat-protection-feature. 
  57. ↑ Castro, Chiara (March 9, 2022). "NordVPN Threat Protection: what is it and how to use it". https://www.techradar.com/vpn/nordvpn-threat-protection. 
  58. ↑ Athow, Desire (July 26, 2018). "How to choose a security protocol in the NordVPN Windows and Android apps". TechRadar. https://www.techradar.com/how-to/how-to-choose-a-security-protocol-in-the-nordvpn-windows-and-android-apps. 
  59. ↑ Eddy, Max (August 14, 2019). "The VPN Industry Is on the Cusp of a Major Breakthrough". https://www.pcmag.com/commentary/369921/the-vpn-industry-is-on-the-cusp-of-a-major-breakthrough. 
  60. ↑ Applied Cryptography and Network Security. Springer. 11 June 2018. ISBN 978-3-319-93387-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=UKJfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3. Retrieved November 15, 2019. 
  61. ↑ Orphanides, K.G (October 19, 2019). "Cloudflare 1.1.1.1 with Warp review: faster browsing, but not a real VPN". Wired UK. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/cloudflare-1111-with-warp. Retrieved November 15, 2019. 
  62. ↑ Wagenseil, Paul (April 22, 2020). "NordVPN is about to get a lot faster — thanks to WireGuard". https://www.tomsguide.com/news/wireguard-nordvpn-nordlynx. 
  63. ↑ Weatherbed, Jess (2025-01-29). "NordVPN's new feature gets around networks that block VPNs" (in en-US). https://www.theverge.com/news/601225/nordvpn-nordwhisper-vpn-blocker-feature-protcol. 
  64. ↑ Ballard, Barclay (November 16, 2020). "NordVPN adds Dark Web credential monitor to protect your identity". https://www.techradar.com/uk/news/nordvpn-adds-dark-web-credential-monitor-to-protect-your-identity. 
  65. ↑ Castro, Chiara (June 20, 2022). "NordVPN users can now create their own private network with new Meshnet feature". https://www.techradar.com/news/nordvpn-users-can-create-their-own-private-network-with-new-meshnet-feature. 
  66. ↑ Harber-Lamond, Mo (July 1, 2021). "Independent audit confirms NordVPN's no-log policy for the second time". https://www.tomsguide.com/news/independent-audit-confirms-nordvpns-no-log-policy-for-the-second-time. 
  67. ↑ "NordVPN Backs Up No-Log Braggadocio With a 2023 Audit by Deloitte" (in en). https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/nordvpn-backs-up-no-log-braggadocio-with-a-2023-audit-by-deloitte/. 
  68. ↑ "NordVPN Has Completed an App Security Audit". www.newswire.com (Press release). Retrieved 2025-04-09.
  69. ↑ Heiderich, Dr.-Ing. Mario (2022). "Pentest-Report NordVPN Server & Infra 09.-10.2022". Cure53. https://cure53.de/pentest-report_nordvpn-infra.pdf. 
  70. ↑ Nadel, Brian (April 10, 2018). "NordVPN Review: Easy But Slow". Tom's Guide. https://www.tomsguide.com/us/nord-vpn,review-4494.html. 
  71. ↑ Williams, Mike. "NordVPN review". TechRadar. https://www.techradar.com/reviews/nordvpn. 
  72. ↑ Turton, William (October 21, 2019). "After Twitter Allegations, Nord VPN Discloses 2018 Breach". https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-10-21/after-twitter-allegations-nord-vpn-discloses-2018-breach. 
  73. ↑ 73.0 73.1 Whittaker, Zack (October 21, 2019). "NordVPN confirms it was hacked" (in en-US). https://techcrunch.com/2019/10/21/nordvpn-confirms-it-was-hacked/. 
  74. ↑ 74.0 74.1 74.2 Hodge, Rae (November 1, 2019). "After the breach, Nord is asking people to trust its VPN again". https://www.cnet.com/news/after-the-breach-nord-is-asking-users-to-trust-it-again/. 
  75. ↑ Goodin, Dan (October 21, 2019). "Hackers steal secret crypto keys for NordVPN. Here's what we know so far". https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2019/10/hackers-steal-secret-crypto-keys-for-nordvpn-heres-what-we-know-so-far/. 
  76. ↑ 76.0 76.1 Kastrenakes, Jacob (October 21, 2019). "NordVPN reveals server breach that could have let attacker monitor traffic" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/21/20925065/nordvpn-server-breach-vpn-traffic-exposed-encryption. 
  77. ↑ 77.0 77.1 77.2 "Why the NordVPN network is safe after a third-party provider breach" (in en). October 21, 2019. https://nordvpn.com/blog/official-response-datacenter-breach/. 
  78. ↑ 78.0 78.1 Williams, Mike (2019-11-18). "What's the truth about the NordVPN breach? Here's what we now know" (in en). https://www.techradar.com/news/whats-the-truth-about-the-nordvpn-breach-heres-what-we-now-know. 
  79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 "Was NordVPN Hacked? Get The Latest Updates Here" (in en-US). 2023-03-24. https://www.vpn.com/faq/is-nordvpn-still-hacked-today/. 
  80. ↑ Markuson, Daniel (2019-10-21). "Why the NordVPN network is safe after a third-party provider breach". https://nordvpn.com/de/blog/official-response-datacenter-breach/. 
  81. ↑ Eddy, Max (October 23, 2019). "NordVPN and TorGuard VPN Breaches: What You Need to Know". https://www.pcmag.com/commentary/371471/nordvpn-and-torguard-vpn-data-breaches-what-you-need-to-kno. 
  82. ↑ Goodin, Dan (November 1, 2019). "NordVPN users' passwords exposed in mass credential-stuffing attacks". https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2019/11/nordvpn-users-passwords-exposed-in-mass-credential-stuffing-attacks/. 
  83. ↑ Al-Heeti, Abrar (November 1, 2019). "NordVPN user accounts compromised and passwords exposed, report says". https://www.cnet.com/news/nordvpn-user-accounts-were-compromised-and-passwords-exposed-report-says/. 
  84. ↑ Corfield, Gareth (May 1, 2019). "NordVPN rapped by ad watchdog over insecure public Wi-Fi claims". https://www.theregister.com/2019/05/01/nordvpn_tv_ad_rapped_advertising_standards_authority/. 
  85. ↑ "ASA Ruling on Tefincom SA t/a NordVPN". May 1, 2019. https://www.asa.org.uk/rulings/tefincom-sa-a19-547668.html. 
  86. ↑ "ASA Ruling on NordVPN SA t/a NordVPN, Norton 360". January 11, 2023. https://www.asa.org.uk/rulings/nordvpn-sa-a22-1168156-nordvpn-sa.html. 
  87. ↑ 87.0 87.1 Markuson, Daniel (January 20, 2022). "How NordVPN protects the privacy of its customers" (in en). https://nordvpn.com/blog/how-nordvpn-protects-the-privacy-of-its-customers/. 
  88. ↑ Kan, Michael (January 19, 2022). "NordVPN: Actually, We Do Comply With Law Enforcement Data Requests". PCMag. https://www.pcmag.com/news/nordvpn-actually-we-do-comply-with-law-enforcement-data-requests. 
  89. ↑ 89.0 89.1 Spadafora, Anthony (January 20, 2022). "NordVPN will now comply with law enforcement data requests". TechRadar. https://www.techradar.com/news/nordvpn-will-now-comply-with-law-enforcement-data-requests. 
  90. ↑ Vienažindytė, Ilma (October 29, 2024). "NordVPN Introduces Transparency Reports". https://nordvpn.com/blog/nordvpn-introduces-transparency-reports/. 



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