Biology:SYN3

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Synapsin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SYN3 gene.

This gene is a member of the synapsin gene family. Synapsins encode neuronal phosphoproteins which associate with the cytoplasmic surface of synaptic vesicles. Family members are characterized by common protein domains, and they are implicated in synaptogenesis and the modulation of neurotransmitter release, suggesting a potential role in several neuropsychiatric diseases. The protein encoded by this gene shares the synapsin family domain model, with domains A, C, and E exhibiting the highest degree of conservation. The protein contains a unique domain J, located between domains C and E. Based on this gene's localization to 22q12.3, a possible schizophrenia susceptibility locus, and the established neurobiological roles of the synapsins, this family member may represent a candidate gene for schizophrenia. The TIMP3 gene is located within an intron of this gene and is transcribed in the opposite direction. Alternative splicing of this gene results in six transcript variants; however, only two variants have been fully described.

Further reading

• "Homo- and heterodimerization of synapsins.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (24): 16747–53. 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.24.16747. PMID 10358015. 
• "Molecular evolution of the synapsin gene family.". J. Exp. Zool. 285 (4): 360–77. 2000. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-010X(19991215)285:4<360::AID-JEZ4>3.0.CO;2-3. PMID 10578110. 
• "Characterization of transcripts from the synapsin III gene locus.". J. Neurochem. 73 (6): 2266–71. 1999. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0732266.x. PMID 10582583. 
• "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22.". Nature 402 (6761): 489–95. 1999. doi:10.1038/990031. PMID 10591208. Bibcode: 1999Natur.402..489D. 
• "Mutation analysis of synapsin III gene in schizophrenia.". Am. J. Med. Genet. 114 (1): 79–83. 2002. doi:10.1002/ajmg.10116. PMID 11840510. 
• "Neuronal nitric-oxide synthase localization mediated by a ternary complex with synapsin and CAPON.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (5): 3199–204. 2002. doi:10.1073/pnas.261705799. PMID 11867766. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...99.3199J. 
• "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. 
• "A rare polymorphism affects a mitogen-activated protein kinase site in synapsin III: possible relationship to schizophrenia.". Biol. Psychiatry 55 (2): 118–25. 2004. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.07.002. PMID 14732590. 
• "A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome.". Genome Biol. 5 (10): R84. 2005. doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84. PMID 15461802. 
• "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334. 
• "Association of schizophrenia in African Americans to polymorphism in synapsin III gene.". Psychiatr. Genet. 15 (2): 127–32. 2005. doi:10.1097/00041444-200506000-00009. PMID 15900227. 
• "Analysis of synapsin III-196 promoter mutation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.". Neuropsychobiology 53 (2): 57–62. 2006. doi:10.1159/000091720. PMID 16511335. 
• "The gene for synapsin III and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.". Psychiatr. Genet. 17 (2): 109–12. 2007. doi:10.1097/YPG.0b013e328012a0c6. PMID 17413450.