Astronomy:36 Serpentis
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| Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox (celestial coordinates) | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Serpens |
| Right ascension | 15h 51m 15.59418s[1] |
| Declination | −03° 05′ 25.7938″[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.09[2] (5.2 + 7.8)[3] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | A3Vn[4] or A2IV-Vn[5] (A7 + G0)[6] |
| U−B color index | +0.07[7] |
| B−V color index | +0.12[7] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −8[8] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: −91.09[1] mas/yr Dec.: −28.21[1] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 20.10 ± 0.33[1] mas |
| Distance | 162 ± 3 ly (49.8 ± 0.8 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | 1.61[2] |
| Orbit[9] | |
| Primary | 36 Ser A |
| Companion | 36 Ser B |
| Period (P) | 1,073 days |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.7 |
| Semi-amplitude (K1) (primary) | 6 km/s |
| Orbit[6] | |
| Primary | 36 Ser AB |
| Companion | 36 Ser C |
| Period (P) | 50.6±1.5 yr |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 0.400±0.006″ |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.8323±0.0047 |
| Inclination (i) | 98.08±0.31° |
| Longitude of the node (Ω) | 74.00±0.31° |
| Periastron epoch (T) | 2002.78±0.17 |
| Argument of periastron (ω) (secondary) | 72.84±0.91° |
| Details | |
| 36 Ser A | |
| Mass | 1.97[9] M☉ |
| Radius | 2.25[9] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 19.13[2] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 3.89[10] cgs |
| Temperature | 8,213[9] K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | −2.00[10] dex |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 229[11] km/s |
| Age | 710[9] Myr |
| 36 Ser B | |
| Mass | ≥0.37 and ≤0.50[9] M☉ |
| 36 Ser C | |
| Mass | 1.27[9] M☉ |
| Radius | 1.26[9] R☉ |
| Temperature | 6,255[9] K |
| Age | 710[9] Myr |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
36 Serpentis is a triple star[9] system in the equatorial constellation of Serpens. It has the Bayer designation b Serpentis, while 36 Serpentis is the Flamsteed designation.[12] The system is visible to the naked eye as a dim, white-hued point of light with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 5.09.[2] It is located 162 light years away from the Sun based on parallax,[1] and is moving closer with a radial velocity of −8 km/s.[8]
Characteristics
The system consists of two spectroscopic binaries. The inner pair contains components A and B, while the outer pair contains components AB and C. The age of the whole system is estimated at 710 million years.[9]
The components AB and C orbit each other over a long orbital period of 52.8 years and a high eccentricity of 0.83.[6] Gray et al. (2017) found a merged stellar classification of A2IV-Vn for this system,[5] while Cowley et al. matched it with a class of A3Vn,[4] where the 'n' indicates "nebulous" lines caused by rapid rotation.
The primary component, 36 Serpentis A, is an A7-class[6] main sequence star of visual magnitude 5.2.[3] It is spinning rapidly, showing a projected rotational velocity of 229 km/s.[11] It was once thought to be a Lambda Boötis star[13] but this is now disputed.[9] The star is 710 million years old with 1.97 times the mass of the Sun and 2.25 times the Sun's radius.[9] It is radiating 19 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere[2] at an effective temperature of 8,213 K.[9]
The secondary, 36 Serpentis B, has been detected only by spectroscopy. It has an orbital period of 1,073 days (2.94 years) and a high eccentricity of 0.7. Interferometric observations have failed to detect this star, implying a luminosity-derived mass less than 0.50 M☉. The radial velocity data suggest a mass of at least 0.37 solar masses. It may be a faint red dwarf or a white dwarf. 36 Ser B is likely the source for the X-ray emission that has been detected coming from this system.[9]
The tertiary, 36 Serpentis C, is a G0 star[6] with a visual magnitude of 7.8.[3] It has 1.27 times the Sun's mass, 1.26 times the Sun's radius, and an effective temperature of 6,555 K.[9]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters 38 (5): 331. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. Bibcode: 2012AstL...38..331A.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Docobo, José A. et al. (2010). "EMCCD Speckle Interferometry with the 6 m Telescope: Astrometric Measurements, Differential Photometry, and Orbits". The Astronomical Journal 140 (4): 1078–1083. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/4/1078. Bibcode: 2010AJ....140.1078D.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Cowley, A. et al. (April 1969). "A study of the bright A stars. I. A catalogue of spectral classifications". Astronomical Journal 74: 375–406. doi:10.1086/110819. Bibcode: 1969AJ.....74..375C.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Gray, R. O. et al. (July 2017). "The Discovery of λ Bootis Stars: The Southern Survey I". The Astronomical Journal 154 (1): 11. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6d5e. 31. Bibcode: 2017AJ....154...31G.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Mason, Brian D. et al. (September 2010). "Binary Star Orbits. IV. Orbits of 18 Southern Interferometric Pairs". The Astronomical Journal 140 (3): 735–743. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/3/735. Bibcode: 2010AJ....140..735M.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Johnson, H. L. (1966). "UBVRIJKL Photometry of the Bright Stars". Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory 4: 99. Bibcode: 1966CoLPL...4...99J.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Wilson, Ralph Elmer (1953). "General catalogue of stellar radial velocities". Carnegie Institute Washington D.C. Publication. Bibcode: 1953GCRV..C......0W.
- ↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 Waisberg, Idel; Klein, Ygal; Katz, Boaz (2023-06-01). "Binarity and beyond in A stars – I. Survey description and first results of VLTI/GRAVITY observations of VAST targets with high Gaia–Hipparcos accelerations". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 521 (4): 5232–5254. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad872. ISSN 0035-8711. Bibcode: 2023MNRAS.521.5232W.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Prugniel, Ph. et al. (1986). "The atmospheric parameters and spectral interpolator for the MILES stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics 531: A165. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116769. Bibcode: 2011A&A...531A.165P.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Royer, F. et al. (2007). "Rotational velocities of A-type stars. III. Velocity distributions". Astronomy & Astrophysics 463 (2): 671–682. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065224. Bibcode: 2007A&A...463..671R.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 "36 Ser". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=36+Ser.
- ↑ Nikolov, G. et al. (April 2008). "Spectroscopic orbit determination of two metal-weak dwarf stars: HD64491 and HD141851". Contributions of the Astronomical Observatory Skalnaté Pleso 38 (2): 433–434. Bibcode: 2008CoSka..38..433N.
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