Astronomy:HD 142

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Short description: Wide binary star system in the constellation Phoenix
HD 142
Observation data
{{#ifeq:J2000|J2000.0 (ICRS)|Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)| Epoch J2000      [[Astronomy:Equinox (celestial coordinates)|Equinox J2000}}
Constellation Phoenix[1]
HD 142 A
Right ascension  00h 06m 19.1754s[2]
Declination −49° 04′ 30.6741″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) 5.711±0.003[3]
HD 142 B
Right ascension  00h 06m 19.1480s[4]
Declination −49° 04′ 34.9177″[4]
Apparent magnitude (V) +11.5[5]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage main sequence
Spectral type F7V[6] + K8.5-M1.5[7]
B−V color index 0.519±0.011[8]
Astrometry
HD 142 A
Radial velocity (Rv)5.76±0.12[9] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 575.099[9] mas/yr
Dec.: −40.874[9] mas/yr
Parallax (π)38.1945 ± 0.0355[9] mas
Distance85.39 ± 0.08 ly
(26.18 ± 0.02 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)3.66±0.02[10]
HD 142 B
Proper motion (μ) RA: 566.984[11] mas/yr
Dec.: −17.387[11] mas/yr
Parallax (π)38.2306 ± 0.0349[11] mas
Distance85.31 ± 0.08 ly
(26.16 ± 0.02 pc)
Details
HD 142 A
Mass1.25±0.01[12] M☉
Radius1.41±0.11[13] R☉
Luminosity2.9[13] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.45±0.07[12] cgs
Temperature6,349±26[12] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]+0.133±0.020[12] dex
Rotation27.15 days[14]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)9.58±0.74[15] km/s
Age2.50+0.32
−0.28[12] Gyr
HD 142 B
Mass0.643[16] M☉
Radius0.423[16] R☉
Luminosity0.046[16] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.99[16] cgs
Temperature4,110[16] K
Other designations
HD 142A: CD−49°14337, HD 142, HIP 522, HR 6, SAO 214963, WDS J00063-4905A[17]
HD 142B: CD−49°14337B, WDS J00063-4905B, NLTT 218, 2MASS J00061919-4904348[18]
Database references
SIMBADdata
B

HD 142 is a wide binary star[5] system in the southern constellation of Phoenix. The main component has a yellow-white hue and is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.7.[3] The system is located at a distance of 85.5 light years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +6 km/s.[19]

The primary component is an F-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of F7V,[6] which indicates it is undergoing core hydrogen fusion. It is an estimated 2.5 billion years old[12] and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 10 km/s.[15] The star has 1.25 times the mass of the Sun[12] and 1.4 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 2.9 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere[13] at an effective temperature of 6,349 K.[12]

A magnitude 11.5[5] companion star was detected in 1894 making this a binary star system.[20] The binary companion was confirmed to be gravitationally bound in 2007 and determined to be a red dwarf of spectral type K8.5-M1.5[7] with 54% of the Sun's mass.[21] The pair have a projected separation of 120.6 astronomical unit|AU.[21]


Planetary system

In 2001, the Anglo-Australian Planet Search team led by Chris Tinney announced the discovery of an extrasolar planet orbiting the primary star.[22][23] An additional linear trend in the radial velocity data was noticed in 2006[24] that could have been due to another planet or to the stellar companion.[25] In 2012, additional measurements allowed the detection of a second planet. A third possible planet with a period of 108 days was seen in the data, but with a false alarm probability of five percent.[26] Another paper by the same team updated the parameters for b and c but did not mention the possible planet d.[27]

An astrometric measurement of HD 142 b's inclination and true mass was published in 2022 as part of Gaia DR3.[28] Another 2022 study determined the inclination and true mass of planet c, and confirmed the existence of planet d.[29]

The HD 142 A planetary system[28][29]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
d ≥0.260+0.032
−0.036 MJ 		0.474+0.021
−0.023 		108.5±0.1 0.130+0.103
−0.085 		— —
b 7.1±1.0 MJ 1.039+0.046
−0.051 		351.4±0.4 0.158+0.033
−0.030 		59±7° —
c 10.901+1.278
−0.937 MJ 		9.811+0.515
−0.520 		10,159.6+384.8
−321.9 		0.277+0.026
−0.027 		90.374+10.495
−12.319° 		—

See also

  • List of extrasolar planets

References

  1. ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a Constellation From a Position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 99 (617): 695–699. doi:10.1086/132034. Bibcode: 1987PASP...99..695R.  Vizier query form
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Brown, A. G. A. (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 616: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G.  Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Olsen, E. H. (1994). "Stroemgren photometry of F- and G-type stars brighter than V = 9.6. I. UVBY photometry". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 106: 257–266. Bibcode: 1994A&AS..106..257O.  Vizier catalog entry
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Brown, A. G. A. (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 616: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G.  Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A.A. (September 2008). "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 389 (2): 869–879. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x. Bibcode: 2008MNRAS.389..869E. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Gray, R. O. et al. (2006). "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc - The Southern Sample". The Astronomical Journal 132 (1): 161–170. doi:10.1086/504637. Bibcode: 2006AJ....132..161G. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Eggenberger, A. et al. (2007). "The impact of stellar duplicity on planet occurrence and properties I. Observational results of a VLT/NACO search for stellar companions to 130 nearby stars with and without planets". Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (1): 273–291. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20077447. Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..273E. 
  8. ↑ Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters 38 (5): 331. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. Bibcode: 2012AstL...38..331A. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940  Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  10. ↑ Holmberg (2009). "HD 142". Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood III. http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-out.add=.&-source=V/130/gcs3&recno=18. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940  Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 Carvalho-Silva, Gabriela; Meléndez, Jorge; Rathsam, Anne; Shejeelammal, J.; Martos, Giulia; Lorenzo-Oliveira, Diego; Spina, Lorenzo; Ribeiro Alves, Débora (April 2025). "A New Age–Activity Relation For Solar Analogs that Accounts for Metallicity" (in en). The Astrophysical Journal Letters 983 (2): L31. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adc382. ISSN 2041-8205. Bibcode: 2025ApJ...983L..31C. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Ghezzi, L. et al. (September 2010). "Stellar Parameters and Metallicities of Stars Hosting Jovian and Neptunian Mass Planets: A Possible Dependence of Planetary Mass on Metallicity". The Astrophysical Journal 720 (2): 1290–1302. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/720/2/1290. Bibcode: 2010ApJ...720.1290G. 
  14. ↑ Oelkers, Ryan J.; Rodriguez, Joseph E.; Stassun, Keivan G.; Pepper, Joshua; Somers, Garrett; Kafka, Stella; Stevens, Daniel J.; Beatty, Thomas G. et al. (2018). "Variability Properties of Four Million Sources in the TESS Input Catalog Observed with the Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope Survey". The Astronomical Journal 155 (1): 39. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9bf4. Bibcode: 2018AJ....155...39O. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Soto, M. G.; Jenkins, J. S. (July 2018). "Spectroscopic Parameters and atmosphEric ChemIstriEs of Stars (SPECIES). I. Code description and dwarf stars catalogue". Astronomy & Astrophysics 615: 28. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731533. A76. Bibcode: 2018A&A...615A..76S. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 Tuchow, Noah W.; Stark, Christopher C.; Mamajek, Eric (2024). "HPIC: The Habitable Worlds Observatory Preliminary Input Catalog". The Astronomical Journal 167 (3): 139. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad25ec. Bibcode: 2024AJ....167..139T. 
  17. ↑ "HD 142". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=HD+142. 
  18. ↑ "HD 142B". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=HD+142B. 
  19. ↑ Valenti, J. A.; Fischer, D. A. (2005). "Spectroscopic Properties of Cool Stars (SPOCS). I. 1040 F, G, and K Dwarfs from Keck, Lick, and AAT Planet Search Programs". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 159 (1): 141–166. doi:10.1086/430500. Bibcode: 2005ApJS..159..141V. 
  20. ↑ Raghavan, Deepak et al. (2006). "Two Suns in The Sky: Stellar Multiplicity in Exoplanet Systems". The Astrophysical Journal 646 (1): 523–542. doi:10.1086/504823. Bibcode: 2006ApJ...646..523R. 
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Tokovinin, A.; Kiyaeva, O. (February 2016). "Eccentricity distribution of wide binaries". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 456 (2): 2070–2079. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2825. Bibcode: 2016MNRAS.456.2070T. 
  22. ↑ "Astronomers close in on Solar System's 'siblings'" (Press release). Marsfield, New South Wales, Australia: Australian Astronomical Observatory. October 15, 2001. Archived from the original on August 22, 2016. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  23. ↑ Tinney, C. G. et al. (2002). "Two Extrasolar Planets from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search". The Astrophysical Journal 571 (1): 528–531. doi:10.1086/339916. Bibcode: 2002ApJ...571..528T. 
  24. ↑ Butler, R. P. et al. (2006). "Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets". The Astrophysical Journal 646 (1): 505–522. doi:10.1086/504701. Bibcode: 2006ApJ...646..505B. 
  25. ↑ Wright, J. T. et al. (2007). "Four New Exoplanets and Hints of Additional Substellar Companions to Exoplanet Host Stars". The Astrophysical Journal 657 (1): 533–545. doi:10.1086/510553. Bibcode: 2007ApJ...657..533W. 
  26. ↑ Wittenmyer, Robert A. et al. (2012). "The Anglo-Australian Planet Search. XXII. Two New Multi-planet Systems". The Astrophysical Journal 753 (2): 169. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/169. Bibcode: 2012ApJ...753..169W. 
  27. ↑ Wittenmyer, Robert A. et al. (2020). "Cool Jupiters greatly outnumber their toasty siblings: occurrence rates from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492 (1): 377–383. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3436. Bibcode: 2020MNRAS.492..377W. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Gaia Collaboration et al. (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3". Astronomy & Astrophysics 674: A34. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243782. Bibcode: 2023A&A...674A..34G. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 Feng, Fabo et al. (August 2022). "3D Selection of 167 Substellar Companions to Nearby Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 262 (21): 21. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac7e57. Bibcode: 2022ApJS..262...21F. 

Coordinates: Sky map 00h 06m 19.18s, −49° 04′ 30.7″



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