Astronomy:PG 1612+261

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PG 1612+261
The seyfert galaxy PG 1612+261.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationCorona Borealis
Right ascension 16h 14m 13.200s[1]
Declination+26° 04′ 16.209″[1]
Redshift0.130949[1]
Helio radial velocity39,257 km/s[1]
Distance1.689 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)16.50
Apparent magnitude (B)16.06
Characteristics
TypeQSO, Sy 1.5[1]
Apparent size (V)40.49 kiloparsecs (132,100 light-years)
(diameter; SDSS isophote)[1]
Other designations
RBS 568, PGC 57571, TON 0256, IRAS F16121+2611, NVSS J161413+260415, 1612+261[1]

PG 1612+261 known alternatively as TON 256 (abbreviation of Tonantzintla 256), is a Seyfert 1 galaxy[2] located in the constellation of Corona Borealis. It is located 1.6 billion light-years away from Earth[1] and was first discovered as a blue quasi-stellar galaxy in 1965.[3]

Description

PG 1612+261 is a radio-quiet quasar with a redshift of (z) 0.131.[4][5] It has a supermassive black hole mass of (2.3±0.6)×108 Mʘ and a star formation rate of 1.30±0.03 Mʘ yr–1.[6][7] Its host galaxy is undisturbed based on H band imaging, with a bright central nucleus.[8][5] Further evidence also showed it has either a normal or slightly reddened appearance.[9]

The spectrum of PG 1612+261 shows evidence of a helium broad emission feature.[10] The source of the object is described having a steep radio spectrum between 5 and 8.5 GHz frequencies.[11][12] It is also known to show radio outflows but no traces of broadline region wind.[13]

The radio structure of PG 1612+261 can be described as a triple structure that is being aligned in all directions with a compact faint source having a flux density of 0.17 mJy.[14] There is also presence of diffused radio emission with an extension of 3 kiloparsecs.[11] When revealed by a 8.4 GHz mapping by Very Large Array (VLA), the nuclear component is fully resolved into a double source with a one-sided jet found heading towards southwest.[11][15] Radio imaging by Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at 1.4 GHz found it is found elongated by east to west direction while a 1.6 GHz radio image shows there are two components instead, with the western component having a spectral index of α1.64.9 = −0.28±0.03.[14]

An emission narrow-line region is found surrounding PG 1612+261. Based on studies, the region is found dominated by large scale rotation motion. There is a doubly ionized oxygen line profile located close to the nucleus of PG 1612+261 with a line width of 424±24 km s–1. The radial velocity offset of the line is estimated to be −220±20 km s–1.[16]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database results for PG 1612+261". https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/byname?objname=PG+1612+261&hconst=67.8&omegam=0.308&omegav=0.692&wmap=4&corr_z=1. 
  2. ↑ Rodríguez-Ardila, A.; Prieto, M. A.; Portilla, J. G.; Tejeiro, J. M. (2011). "The Near-Infrared Coronal Line Spectrum of 54 Nearby Active Galactic Nuclei". The Astrophysical Journal 743 (100): 100. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/100. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...743..100R. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/100#apj405634s3. 
  3. ↑ Ford, W. Kent, Jr.; Rubin, Vera C. (October 1965). "Low-Dispersion Image Tube Spectra in the Red: 3C, 33, 48, Ton 256, and an Infrared Star.". The Astrophysical Journal 142: 1303. doi:10.1086/148414. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 1965ApJ...142.1303F. https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1965ApJ...142.1303F/0001303.000.html. 
  4. ↑ Sitko, Michael L. (May 1988). "Infrared polarimetry of radio-quiet quasars". The Astrophysical Journal 328: 170. doi:10.1086/166277. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 1988ApJ...328..170S. https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1988ApJ...328..170S/0000170.000.html. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Gunn, James E. (March 1971). "On the Distances of the Quasi-Stellar Objects". The Astrophysical Journal 164: L113. doi:10.1086/180702. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 1971ApJ...164L.113G. https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1971ApJ...164L.113G/L000113.000.html. 
  6. ↑ Woo, Jong-Hak; Wang, Shu; Rakshit, Suvendu; Cho, Hojin; Son, Donghoon; Bennert, Vardha N.; Gallo, Elena; Hodges-Kluck, Edmund et al. (2024-02-01). "The Seoul National University AGN Monitoring Project. III. Hβ Lag Measurements of 32 Luminous Active Galactic Nuclei and the High-luminosity End of the Size–Luminosity Relation". The Astrophysical Journal 962 (1): 67. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad132f. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 2024ApJ...962...67W. 
  7. ↑ Xie, Yanxia; Ho, Luis C.; Zhuang, Ming-Yang; Shangguan, Jinyi (2021-04-01). "The Infrared Emission and Vigorous Star Formation of Low-redshift Quasars". The Astrophysical Journal 910 (2): 124. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abe404. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 2021ApJ...910..124X. 
  8. ↑ Clements, D. L. (2000-02-01). "Far-infrared-loud quasars--I. Disturbed and quiescent quasars in the PG survey". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 311 (4): 833–840. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03095.x. ISSN 0035-8711. Bibcode: 2000MNRAS.311..833C. 
  9. ↑ McLeod, K. K.; Rieke, G. H. (January 1994). "Near-Infrared Imaging of Low-Redshift Quasar Host Galaxies" (in en). The Astrophysical Journal 420: 58. doi:10.1086/173542. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 1994ApJ...420...58M. https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1994ApJ...420...58M. 
  10. ↑ Zheng, Wei (1988-01-01). "The QSO 1612+261 - A case for varying He emission?" (in en). Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 100 (623): 63. doi:10.1086/132133. ISSN 1538-3873. Bibcode: 1988PASP..100...63Z. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/132133. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Kukula, Marek J.; Dunlop, James S.; Hughes, David H.; Rawlings, Steve (1998-06-21). "The radio properties of radio-quiet quasars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 297 (2): 366–382. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01481.x. ISSN 0035-8711. Bibcode: 1998MNRAS.297..366K. 
  12. ↑ Wang, Ailing; An, Tao; Cheng, Xiaopeng; Ho, Luis C; Kellermann, Kenneth I; Baan, Willem A; Yang, Jun; Zhang, Yingkang (2023-01-01). "VLBI observations of a sample of Palomar–Green quasars – I. Parsec-scale morphology". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 518 (1): 39–53. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac3091. ISSN 0035-8711. https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/518/1/39/6779705?login=false#380604962. 
  13. ↑ Chen, Sina; Laor, Ari; Behar, Ehud; Baldi, Ranieri D.; Gelfand, Joseph D.; Kimball, Amy E.; McHardy, Ian M.; Orosz, Gabor et al. (2024-10-23). "Windy or Not: Radio Parsec-scale Evidence for a Broad-line Region Wind in Radio-quiet Quasars". The Astrophysical Journal 975 (1): 35. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad74fc. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 2024ApJ...975...35C. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Wang, Ailing; An, Tao; Zhang, Yingkang; Cheng, Xiaopeng; Ho, Luis C; Kellermann, Kenneth I; Baan, Willem A (2023-11-11). "VLBI Observations of a sample of Palomar-Green quasars II: characterizing the parsec-scale radio emission". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 525 (4): 6064–6083. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad2651. ISSN 0035-8711. https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/525/4/6064/7259168?login=false#418092894. 
  15. ↑ Leipski, C.; Falcke, H.; Bennert, N.; Hüttemeister, S. (2006-08-01). "The radio structure of radio-quiet quasars" (in en). Astronomy & Astrophysics 455 (1): 161–172. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054311. ISSN 0004-6361. Bibcode: 2006A&A...455..161L. https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2006/31/aa4311-05.pdf. 
  16. ↑ Husemann, B.; Wisotzki, L.; Sánchez, S. F.; Jahnke, K. (2012-12-13). "The properties of the extended warm ionised gas around low-redshift QSOs and the lack of extended high-velocity outflows". Astronomy & Astrophysics 549: A43. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220076. ISSN 0004-6361. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220076. 



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