Biology:Endogonales
| Endogonales | |
|---|---|
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| The fungus Endogone pisiformus | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Mucoromycota |
| Subdivision: | Mucoromycotina Moreau ex R.K. Benj |
| Order: | Endogonales Jacz. & P.A.Jacz.[1] |
| Families | |
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Endogonales is an order of fungi within the phylum of Zygomycota,[2] and in class Endogonomycetes.[3][4]
It contains 2 families; Endogonaceae, with 6 genera and 38 species and Densosporaceae, with one genera and 4 species.[3]
History
The Endogales were originally formed to hold a single family, the Endogonaceae, which comprised 15 species in four genera (Endogone, Peridiospora, Sclerogone, and Youngiomyces). They were transferred to the phylum Glomeromycota to Zygomycetes.[5] Then they were placed in Zygomycotina.[6] They were placed in the subphylum Mucoromycotina in 2017 and genus Youngiomyces was synonymized with genus Endogone.[7] They were then placed in the monotypic class Endogonomycetes.[4]
Genera
Endogonaceae Paol.;[8]
- Endogone Link (26 species)
- Jimgerdemannia Trappe, Desirò, M.E. Sm., Bonito & Bidartondo (3: Jimgerdemannia ambigua Koh. Yamam., Degawa & A. Yamada (2020), Jimgerdemannia flammicorona (Trappe & Gerd.) Trappe, Desirò, M.E. Sm., Bonito & Bonito & Bidart. (2017), Jimgerdemannia lactiflua (Berk. & Broome) Trappe, Desirò, M.E. Sm., Bonito & Bidart. (2017))
- Peridiospora C.G. Wu & Suh J. Lin (2: Peridiospora reticulata C.G. Wu & Suh J. Lin (1997) and Peridiospora tatachia C.G. Wu & Suh J. Lin (1997))
- Sclerogone Warcup (1: Sclerogone eucalypti Warcup (1990))
- Sphaerocreas Sacc. & Ellis (4)
- Vinositunica Koh. Yamam., Degawa & A. Yamada (2: Vinositunica ingens Koh. Yamam., Degawa & A. Yamada (2020) and Vinositunica radiata Koh. Yamam., Degawa & A. Yamada (2020))
Densosporaceae Desirò, M.E. Sm., Bidartondo, Trappe & Bonito;[9]
- Densospora McGee (4 Species: D. nanospora – D. nuda – D. solicarpa – D. tubiformis)
Note; genus Jimwhitea M. Krings & T.N. Taylor was placed in the Endogonaceae family, but holds only fossils reported from the Middle Triassic formations. So is placed in Ascomycota genera Incertae sedis.[3]
Life cycle
The life cycle of the Endogonales is distinguished by their production of small sporocarps containing many zygospores, which are eaten by rodents and distributed by their faeces.
They also produce a fetid odour that attracts mammals and encourages them to eat their fruiting bodies, and so spread their spores.[10]
Food
Like all fungi, they are heterotrophs with some being described as saprobes (with weak evidence).[10]
References
- ↑ Jaczewski, A.A.; Jaczewski, P.A. (1931). "Определитель грибов. Совершенные грибы (диплоидные стадии). 3-е изд. [Вып. 1]. Фикомицеты. [Keys to Fungi. Perfect Fungi (diploid stages).". in Doweld, Alexander (in Russian). Phycomycetes. (3 ed.). Moscow-Leningrad: Gosudarstvennoe Izdateľstvo sel'skokhozjaistvennoj i kolkhozno-kooperativnoj literatury. p. 294..
- ↑ Dictionary of the Fungi. (10th ed.). Wallingford: CABI. 2008. p. 233. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Doweld, A.B. (2014). "Nomenclatural novelties: Endogonomycetes cl. nov.". Index fungorum 57: 1.
- ↑ Voigt, K.; Kirk, P.M. (2014). "FUNGI | Classification of Zygomycetes". in Batt, Carl A.; Tortorello, Mary Lou. Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology (2nd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-384733-1.
- ↑ Yao, Y.J.; Pegler, D.N.; Young, T.W.K. (1995). "Youngiomyces, a new genus in Endogonales (Zygomycotina).". Kew Bulletin 50: 349–357..
- ↑ Desirò, Alessandro; Rimington, William R.; Jacob, Alison; Pol, Natalie Vande; Smith, Matthew E.; Trappe, James M.; Bidartondo, Martin I.; Bonito, Gregory (December 2017). "Multigene phylogeny of Endogonales, an early diverging lineage of fungi associated with plants". IMA Fungus 8 (2): 245–257.. doi:10.5598/imafungus.2017.08.02.03. PMID 29242774.
- ↑ "Family Names". http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/families.asp?FamilyName=Endogonaceae.
- ↑ "Family Names". http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/families.asp?FamilyName=Densosporaceae.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 C.J. Alexopolous, Charles W. Mims, M. Blackwell et al., Introductory Mycology, 4th ed. (John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken NJ, 2004) ISBN:0-471-52229-5
Wikidata ☰ Q141489 entry
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