Biology:Khurendukhosaurus
Khurendukhosaurus | |
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Specimen MPC-MX 1/107, Khurendukhosaurus .sp | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Reptilia |
Clade: | Diapsida |
Clade: | Neodiapsida |
Order: | †Choristodera |
Genus: | †Khurendukhosaurus Sigogneau–Russell & Efimov, 1984 |
Species | |
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Khurendukhosaurus is a genus of choristodere, a type of amphibious reptile. It is known from Lower Cretaceous rocks of Mongolia and Russia . Two species have been named. The type species, K. orlovi, was named in 1984 by Sigogneau–Russell and Efimov for the fragmentary postcranial skeleton PIN 3386/3. This specimen was discovered in the Albian-age Lower Cretaceous Khuren Dukh Formation Formation at Hüren Dukh, central Mongolia. The lake deposits at this site also contain fossils of the choristoderes Irenosaurus and Tchoiria.[1] Other postcranial bones of K. orlovi have been found at this site as well.[1][2]
Second species K. bajkalensis was named by Efimov in 1996 for PIN 2234/201, consisting of a scapulocoracoid and a rib.[1] These bones were found in the Lower Cretaceous Murtoi Formation at Lake Gusinoye, Buryatia, Russia .[3] The first Russian choristodere, Efimov and Storrs (2000) found it difficult to distinguish from K. orlovi based on the small amount of material.[1] Skutschas (2008) reported on additional material which supported the placement of the Russian taxon within Khurendukhosaurus, but found the species K. bajkalensis to be dubious within the genus.[3] An indeterminate species is known from the Batylykh Formation.[4]
Khurendukhosaurus was a small choristodere, approximately 1 metre (3.3 ft) long at most. Efimov and Storrs regarded it as a basal member of Choristodera,[1] but Skutschas was unable to confirm this in a phylogenetic analysis.[3] It may have been related to the hyphalosaurids, a group of long–necked choristoderes.[2] The neural spines of the tail are elongate, suggesting that it swam by using a tall tail.[2] In 2019, another partial skeleton (MPC-MX 1/107) of the taxon was described from the Khuren Dukh Formation, confirming the presence of a long neck with at least 13 cervical vertebrae. A phylogenetic analysis found it to be the most basal hyphalosaurid.[5]
Phylogeny from the analysis of Dong and colleagues (2020):[6]
Choristodera |
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References
- ↑ Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Efimov, Mikhail B.; Storrs, Glenn W. (2000). "Choristodera from the Lower Cretaceous of northern Asia". in Benton, Michael J.. The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 390–401. ISBN 0-521-55476-4.
- ↑ Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumoto, Ryoko; Suzuki, Shigeru; Tsogtbaatar, Khisigjav; Evans, Susan E. (2009). "New material of the enigmatic reptile Khurendukhosaurus (Diapsida: Choristodera) from Mongolia". Naturwissenschaften 96 (2): 233–242. doi:10.1007/s00114-008-0469-6. PMID 19034405. Bibcode: 2009NW.....96..233M.
- ↑ Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 3.2 Skutschas, Pavel P. (2008). "A choristoderan reptile from the Lower Cretaceous of Transbaikalia, Russia". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 247 (1): 63–78. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2008/0247-0063.
- ↑ P. N. Kolosov, G. V. Ivensen, T. E. Mikhailova, S. M. Kurzanov, M. B. Efimov and Y. M. Gubin. 2009. Taphonomy of the Upper Mesozoic Tetrapod Teete Locality (Yakutia). Paleontological Journal 43(2):201-207
- ↑ Matsumoto, Ryoko; Tsogtbaatar, Khishigjav; Ishigaki, Shinobu; Tsogtbaatar, Chinzorig; Enkhtaivan, Zorig; Evans, Susan (2019). "Revealing body proportions of the enigmatic choristodere Khurendukhosaurus from Mongolia.". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64. doi:10.4202/app.00561.2018. http://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app005612018.html.
- ↑ Dong, Liping; Matsumoto, Ryoko; Kusuhashi, Nao; Wang, Yuanqing; Wang, Yuan; Evans, Susan E. (2020-08-02). "A new choristodere (Reptilia: Choristodera) from an Aptian–Albian coal deposit in China" (in en). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (15): 1223–1242. doi:10.1080/14772019.2020.1749147. ISSN 1477-2019. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14772019.2020.1749147.
Wikidata ☰ Q6403075 entry
![]() | Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khurendukhosaurus.
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