Biology:Sporophila

From HandWiki
Short description: Genus of birds

Sporophila
Sporophila-corvina-001.jpg
Male variable seedeater
Seedeater (Sporophila sp.) female.JPG
Female
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Thraupidae
Genus: Sporophila
Cabanis, 1844
Type species
Pyrrhula falcirostris
Temminck, 1820

Sporophila is a genus of Neotropical birds in the tanager family Thraupidae. The genus now includes the six seed finches that were previously placed in the genus Oryzoborus.

They are relatively small with stubby, conical bills adapted for feeding on seeds and alike. Most species are strongly sexually dimorphic, and while "typical" adult males often are distinctive, female and immatures of both sexes can be very difficult (in some species virtually impossible) to identify to exact species.[1] Females of at least some of these species have different ultraviolet colours, which can be seen by birds, but not humans.[2] Female-like (paedomorphic) males apparently also occur, at least in some species.[3]

Taxonomy and species list

The genus Spermophila was introduced by the English naturalist William John Swainson in 1827.[4] The type species was subsequently designated as Temminck's seedeater (Sporophila falcirostris) by George Robert Gray in 1841.[5] As the genus name Spermophila had been introduced by John Richardson in 1825 for a genus of mammals,[6] the German ornithologist Jean Cabanis coined the present name Sporophila as a replacement in 1844.[7][8] The name combines the Ancient Greek sporos meaning "seed" and philos meaning "-loving".[9]

The genus now includes the six seed finches that were previously placed in Oryzoborus as well as the thick-billed seed finch that was the only species in Dolospingus. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that these seven species were embedded in Sporophila.[10]

The genus contains 41 species:[11]

Image Common name Scientific name Distribution
Sporophila bouvronides - Leson's Seedeater (male); Iranduba, Amazonas, Brazil 02.jpg Lesson's seedeater Sporophila bouvronides Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.
BIGODINHO (Sporophila lineola ).jpg Lined seedeater Sporophila lineola Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
Sporophila torqueola 55799290.jpg Cinnamon-rumped seedeater Sporophila torqueola western Mexico
Sporophila morelleti, Cockscomb Basin, Belize 01.jpg Morelet’s seedeater Sporophila morelleti Rio Grande Valley through eastern Mexico and Central America to western Panama
Sporophila-corvina-003.jpg Variable seedeater Sporophila corvina southern Mexico through Central America to the Chocó of northwestern South America
Sporophila intermedia Espiguero gris Grey Seedeater (16133817298).jpg Grey seedeater Sporophila intermedia Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.
Sporophila americana - Wing-barred seedeater (male).JPG Wing-barred seedeater Sporophila americana north-eastern Venezuela, Tobago, the Guianas, Brazil
White-naped seedeater Sporophila fringilloides Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela.
Black-and-white Seedeater BW12b.jpg Black-and-white seedeater Sporophila luctuosa Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
Sporophila caerulescens.jpg Double-collared seedeater Sporophila caerulescens Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay
Sporophila nigricollis Espiguero capuchino Yellow-bellied Seedeater (6459067013).jpg Yellow-bellied seedeater Sporophila nigricollis Costa Rica to Bolivia
Sporophila ardesiaca - Dubois's Seedeater (male).JPG Dubois's seedeater Sporophila ardesiaca east-central Brazil
Thick-billed Seed-Finch - Sarapiqui - Costa Rica MG 0887 (26405624880) (cropped).jpg Thick-billed seed finch Sporophila funerea southern Mexico, through Central America, to the Chocó in Colombia and Ecuador.
Oryzoborus angolensis -Piraju, Sao Paulo, Brazil-8 (1).jpg Chestnut-bellied seed finch Sporophila angolensis Trinidad, Tobago, east Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, Bolivia to east Brazil, Paraguay and northeast Argentina
Nicaraguan Seed-Finch 2014-11-15 (1) (cropped).jpg Nicaraguan seed finch Sporophila nuttingi Costa Rica, Nicaragua and northwestern Panama.
Sporophila maximiliani Great-billed Seed-finch (male), Mato Grosso, Brazil.jpg Great-billed seed finch Sporophila maximiliani Brazil
Large-billed Seed-Finch - Darien - Panama (48444795082) (cropped).jpg Large-billed seed finch Sporophila crassirostris Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.
Black-billed seed finch (Sporophila atrirostris) (cropped).jpg Black-billed seed finch Sporophila atrirostris Ecuador, Peru and northwestern Bolivia
Sporophila schistacea by Franscesco Veronesi (cropped).jpg Slate-coloured seedeater Sporophila schistacea Central America, the southwestern Amazon Basin, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago and the Guianas.
Sporophila falcirostris -Horto Florestal de Sao Paulo, Brazil-8.jpg Temminck's seedeater Sporophila falcirostris Argentina and southeastern Brazil
Buffy-fronted Seedeater - Itatiaia - Brazil MG 0776 (23095834790).jpg Buffy-fronted seedeater Sporophila frontalis northeastern Argentina and along the southeastern Brazil
Sporophila plumbea-Plumbeous Seedeater.jpg Plumbeous seedeater Sporophila plumbea Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
Sporophila beltoni - Tropeiro Seedeater (male).JPG Tropeiro seedeater Sporophila beltoni Brazil
Sporophila collaris -Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil -male-8.jpg Rusty-collared seedeater Sporophila collaris Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
Sporophila albogularis - White-throated Seedeater (male); Potengi, Ceará, Brazil crop.jpg White-throated seedeater Sporophila albogularis Brazil.
Sporophila leucoptera-male.jpg White-bellied seedeater Sporophila leucoptera Bolivia, Paraguay and eastern Brazil
Sporophila peruviana - Parrot-billed Seedeater - male.jpg Parrot-billed seedeater Sporophila peruviana Ecuador and western Peru.
Chestnut-throatedSeedeater (cropped).jpg Chestnut-throated seedeater Sporophila telasco southwestern Colombia to far northern Chile.
DrabSeedeater.jpg Drab seedeater Sporophila simplex Ecuador and Peru.
Sporophila castaneiventris Espiguero buchicastaño Chestnut-bellied Seedeater (male) (17986615113).jpg Chestnut-bellied seedeater Sporophila castaneiventris Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela
Ruddy-breasted Seedeater.jpg Ruddy-breasted seedeater Sporophila minuta Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.
Sporophila bouvreuil.jpg Copper seedeater Sporophila bouvreuil Brazil and Suriname.
Sporophila nigrorufa - Black-and-tawny Seedeater (male); Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade, Mato Grosso, Brazil.jpg Black-and-tawny seedeater Sporophila nigrorufa eastern Bolivia and southwestern Brazil.
Sporophila hypoxantha.jpg Tawny-bellied seedeater Sporophila hypoxantha Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
Sporophila ruficollis - Dark-throated Seedeater (male) (cropped).JPG Dark-throated seedeater Sporophila ruficollis Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay
Sporophila pileata - Pearly-bellied Seedeater.jpg Pearly-bellied seedeater Sporophila pileata Brazil, Paraguay, northern Uruguay and northeastern Argentina.
Sporophila hypochroma - Red-rumped seedeater (male).jpg Rufous-rumped seedeater Sporophila hypochroma Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay
Sporophila cinnamomea - Chestnut Seedeater (male); Iberá marshes, Corrientes, Argentina.jpg Chestnut seedeater Sporophila cinnamomea Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay
Sporophila palustris - Marsh Seedeater (male); Iberá marshes, Corrientes, Argentina.jpg Marsh seedeater Sporophila palustris Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
Sporophila melanogaster - Black-bellied seedeater (male).jpg Black-bellied seedeater Sporophila melanogaster Brazil.
Sporophila iberaensis - Ibera Seedeater (male); Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil (1).jpg Ibera seedeater Sporophila iberaensis Argentina.

Possible extinct species:

  • Hooded seedeater, Sporophila melanops – possibly extinct (20th century?), a hybrid or a color morph of S. nigricollis

References

  1. ↑ Ridgely, R. S., & G. Tudor (1989). The Birds of South America. Vol. 1. Univ. Texas Press, Austin
  2. ↑ Benites, P., Eaton, M. D., Lijtmaer, D. A., Lougheed, S. C. & Tubaro, P. L. (2010). Analysis from avian visual perspective reveals plumage colour differences among females of capuchino seedeaters (Sporophila). J. Avian Biology. 41: 597–602.
  3. ↑ Areta, J. I. (2009). Paedomorphosis in Sporophila seedeaters. Bull. B.O.C. 2009 129(2): 98-103.
  4. ↑ Swainson, William John (1827). "On several groups and forms in ornithology, not hitherto defined". Zoological Journal 3: 158–175, 343–363 [348]. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27485874. 
  5. ↑ Gray (1841). A List of the Genera of Birds : with their Synonyma and an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus (2nd ed.). London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 63. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14050294. 
  6. ↑ Richardson, John (1825). Appendix to Captain Parry's journal of a second voyage for the discovery of a North West passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific performed in His Majesty's ships Fury and Hecla, in the years 1821-22-23. London: J. Murray. p. 313. ISBN 9780665418341. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33582465. 
  7. ↑ Cabanis, Jean (1844). "Avium conspectus quae in Republica Peruana reperiuntur et pleraeqiio observatae vel collectae sunt in itinere a Dr. J.J. de Tschudi" (in la). Archiv für Naturgeschichte 10: 262–317 [291]. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13704194. 
  8. ↑ Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed (1970). Check-list of Birds of the World. 13. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 133. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14483368. 
  9. ↑ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 363. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4. https://archive.org/details/helmdictionarysc00jobl. 
  10. ↑ Burns, K.J.; Shultz, A.J.; Title, P.O.; Mason, N.A.; Barker, F.K.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2014). "Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 75: 41–77. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006. PMID 24583021. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3613&context=biosci_pubs. 
  11. ↑ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds (2019). "New World warblers, mitrospingid tanagers". International Ornithologists' Union. https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/warblers/. 
  • Lijtmaer, D. A., N. M. Sharpe, P. L. Tubaro & S. C. Lougheed. 2004. Molecular phylogenetics and diversification of the genus Sporophila (Aves: Passeriformes). Mol. Philo. Evol. 33:562-579.
  • Robbins, M. B., M. J. Braun, C. J. Huddleston, D. W. Finch, & C. M. Milensky (2005). First Guyana records, natural history, and systematics of the White-winged Seedeater (Dolospingus fringilloides). Ibis 147:334-341.

External links

  • de Schauensee, Rodolphe Meyer (1952). "A review of the genus Sporophila". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 104: 175–181. 


Wikidata ☰ Q597127 entry



Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Biology:Sporophila&oldid=3610985"