Chemistry:Potassium asparaginate

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Short description: Chemical compound
Not to be confused with potassium aspartate, a salt of L-aspartic acid, a different amino acid.

Potassium asparaginate
Names
IUPAC name
L-Asparagine potassium salt
Other names
L-Asparagine, potassium salt (1:1);
L-Asparagine, monopotassium salt;
Asparagine potassium
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
UNII
Properties
C4H7KN2O3
Molar mass 170.209 g·mol−1
  • 16 g/100ml (30 °C)
  • 22 g/100ml (35 °C)
  • 28 g/100ml (40 °C)[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Potassium asparaginate is a potassium salt of L-asparagine amino acid.[2][3][4][5]

Potassium asparaginate can be considered both a salt and a coordination complex.[6][3] As a salt, potassium asparaginate is formed when the potassium ion (K+
) replaces the hydrogen ion (H+
) in the carboxyl group (–COOH) of L-asparagine, an amino acid.[3] As a coordination complex, in the context of coordination chemistry, the potassium ion coordinates with the L-asparagine, forming a stable structure where the central (metal) ion is surrounded by and associated with the L-asparagine, a ligand (complexing molecule), through coordinate covalent bonds.[3][6][7]

Chemical properties

The composition by mass of elemental metal—potassium (K)—in potassium asparaginate (C
4H
7KN
2O
3) is approximately 23%, given that the molar mass of a potassium atom (K) is 39.1 grams per mole (g/mol), and the molar mass of a potassium asparaginate is 170.21 g/mol (39.1/170.21≈23%).[2]

The solubility of potassium asparaginate, in g/100ml of various solvents (water, ethanol, methanol), at temperatures of 30, 35 and 40 degree Celsius, is the following:[1]

Solubility of Potassium Asparaginate (g/100ml)[1]
Liquid 30°C 35°C 40°C
Water 16 22 28
Ethanol 12 16 20
Methanol 11 15 19

Synthesis

Potassium asparaginate can be obtained from L-asparagine and potassium fluoride (KF) in a chemical reaction which yields potassium asparaginate and hydrofluoric acid (HF).[1]

Applications

Medicine

Potassium asparaginate, along with magnesium asparaginate, is marketed in Russia and Eastern European countries to treat or prevent potassium deficiency (hypokalemia) and magnesium deficiency (hypomagnesemia).[8][9] Potassium asparaginate and magnesium asparaginate purportedly improve metabolism in the myocardium (heart muscle), enhance the tolerance of cardiac glycosides (heart medications) and exhibit antiarrhythmic activity (help regulate heart rhythm).[9][10] Still, these health claims are not backed up by reliable studies.[11] In the United States, potassium asparaginate is not specifically approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating any medical condition;[11] to treat hypokalemia, potassium is instead administered as other salts, namely, gluconate, citrate, chloride or bicarbonate.[11]

Nonlinear optics

In nonlinear optics, crystals of potassium asparaginate are investigated as a potential nonlinear optical material, as salts of some amino acids possess strong nonlinear optical properties.[1][12] A nonlinear optics material is a substance with high optical nonlinearity. Such substances are useful in applications such as signal transmission, data storage, or optical switching.[1][12] High optical nonlinearity refers to the property of materials to respond to light (e.g., a laser) in a nonlinear manner, meaning that the property doesn't scale linearly with the intensity of the light applied.[1][13]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Anna Venus, S.; Anbarasu, S.; Devarajan, Prem Anand (2015). "Growth and characterization studies of a new NLO single crystal potassium L-asparaginate". Optik 126 (23): 4561–4565. doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2015.08.068. Bibcode: 2015Optik.126.4561A. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "CAS Common Chemistry". https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=37707-20-3. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Potassium asparaginate". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Potassium-asparaginate. 
  4. ↑ "37707-20-3 | L-Asparagine, potassium salt (1:1)". https://www.a2bchem.com/37707-20-3.html. 
  5. ↑ epa.gov
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Heaton, A. L.; Armentrout, P. B. (2008). "Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Potassium Cation Interactions with the Acidic Amino Acids and Their Amide Derivatives". The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 112 (38): 12056–12065. doi:10.1021/jp802427n. PMID 18729510. 
  7. ↑ Shimazaki, Yuichi; Takani, Masako; Yamauchi, Osamu (2009). "Metal complexes of amino acids and amino acid side chain groups. Structures and properties". Dalton Transactions (38): 7854–7869. doi:10.1039/B905871K. PMID 19771344. 
  8. ↑ "Potassium magnesium asparaginate". https://pharmasyntez.com/en/products/Infusion-solutions/Potassium-magnesium-asparaginate/. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Potassium magnesium asparaginate". https://www.vidal.ru/drugs/potassium-magnesium-asparaginate. 
  10. ↑ "Вплив сироваткового вмісту магнію та калію на розвиток інсульту та гострого інфаркту міокарда: чи є можливість запобігти?". Ukrainian Medical Journal 164 (4). 2024. doi:10.32471/umj.1680-3051.164.257656. https://www.umj.com.ua/en/publication-257674-effects-of-serum-magnesium-and-potassium-on-the-development-of-strokes-and-acute-myocardial-infarction-is-it-possible-to-prevent). 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "NCATS Inxight Drugs — POTASSIUM ASPARAGINATE". https://drugs.ncats.io/substance/P1CVX5FD7Y. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Synthesis, structural, crystal growth, electrical and mechanical properties of potassium 4-methyl benzene sulphonate". Bulletin of Materials Science 43. 9 October 2020. doi:10.1007/s12034-020-02241-0. 
  13. ↑ "Enhanced optical nonlinearities under collective strong light-matter coupling". Physical Review A 103 (6). 17 June 2021. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.103.063111. Bibcode: 2021PhRvA.103f3111R. 



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