Chemistry:Vinylcyclohexene dioxide

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Vinylcyclohexene dioxide
Molecular structure of vinylcyclohexene dioxide
Names
IUPAC name
3-Oxiranyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane
Other names
1,2-Epoxy-4-(epoxyethyl)cyclohexane
4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
Abbreviations VCD
UNII
Properties
C8H12O2
Molar mass 140.182 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid[1]
Density 1.09 g·cm−3[2][3]
Melting point −108.9 °C (−164.0 °F; 164.2 K)[4]
Boiling point 227 °C (441 °F; 500 K)[4]
Vapor pressure 13 Pa (20 °C)[4]
Hazards
Main hazards Toxic
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

4-Vinylcyclohexene dioxide (VCD) is an organic compound that contains two epoxide functional groups. It is industrially used as a crosslinking agent for the production of epoxy resins.[5][6] It is a colourless liquid. It is an intermediate for synthesis of organic compounds.[2]

Preparation and properties

4-Vinylcyclohexene dioxide is prepared by epoxidation of 4-vinylcyclohexene with peroxybenzoic acid.[5] Its viscosity is 15 mPa·s.[5]

Safety

4-Vinylcyclohexene dioxide, like other volatile epoxides, is classified as an alkylating agent.[5] VCD has toxic effects on fertility. It is a killer of oocytes, eggs in a female's ovaries, in immature ovarian follicles in mice and rats.[7][8][9]

In pest control, it has been used as an ovotoxic agent for reducing rat fertility.[10]

References

  1. ↑ Kam-Piu Ho, Wing-Leung Wong, Kin-Ming Lam, Cheuk-Piu Lai, Tak Hang Chan und Kwok-Yin Wong (2008-09-08). "A Simple and Effective Catalytic System for Epoxidation of Aliphatic Terminal Alkenes with Manganese(II) as the Catalyst". Chemistry: A European Journal 14 (26): 7988–7996. doi:10.1002/chem.200800759. PMID 18618538. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kh. M. Alimardanov, O. A. Sadygov, N. I. Garibov und M. Ya. Abdullaeva (2012-11-07). "Liquid-phase synthesis of cyclic diene diepoxides using metal halides and hydrogen peroxide". Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 48 (10): 1302–1308. doi:10.1134/S1070428012100077. 
  3. ↑ L. A. Mukhamedova, G. Kh. Gil'manova, M. I. Kudryavtseva, F. G. Nasybullina und A. S. Kireeva (July 1982). "Synthesis and testing of the antiviral activity of epoxy and triazo derivatives of cyclohexane". Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal 16 (7): 510–514. doi:10.1007/BF00761540. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Record of CAS RN 106-87-6 in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 24 March 2015.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Pham, Ha Q.; Marks, Maurice J. (2005). "Epoxy Resins". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a09_547.pub2. ISBN 3-527-30673-0. 
  6. ↑ US patent 2555500 "Copolymers of 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide."
  7. ↑ Kappeler, Connie J.; Hoyer, Patricia B. (2012-02-01). "4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide: a model chemical for ovotoxicity". Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine 58 (1): 57–62. doi:10.3109/19396368.2011.648820. ISSN 1939-6376. PMID 22239082. 
  8. ↑ Takai, Yasushi; Canning, Jacqueline; Perez, Gloria I.; Pru, James K.; Schlezinger, Jennifer J.; Sherr, David H.; Kolesnick, Richard N.; Yuan, Junying et al. (2003-01-01). "Bax, caspase-2, and caspase-3 are required for ovarian follicle loss caused by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide exposure of female mice in vivo". Endocrinology 144 (1): 69–74. doi:10.1210/en.2002-220814. ISSN 0013-7227. PMID 12488331. 
  9. ↑ Hoyer, P. B.; Devine, P. J.; Hu, X.; Thompson, K. E.; Sipes, I. G. (2001-02-01). "Ovarian toxicity of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide: a mechanistic model". Toxicologic Pathology 29 (1): 91–99. doi:10.1080/019262301301418892. ISSN 0192-6233. PMID 11215690. 
  10. ↑ "Ovarian toxicity of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide: a mechanistic model". Toxicol Pathol 29 (1): 91–99. Jan–Feb 2001. doi:10.1080/019262301301418892. PMID 11215690. 



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