Company:Salesforce

From HandWiki
Salesforce, Inc.
FormerlySalesforce.com, Inc. (1999–2022)
TypePublic
  • NYSE: CRM
  • DJIA component
  • S&P 100 component
  • S&P 500 component
Industry
FoundedMarch 8, 1999; 26 years ago (1999-03-08)
Founders
  • Marc Benioff
  • Parker Harris
  • Dave Moellenhoff
  • Frank Dominguez
HeadquartersSalesforce Tower
San Francisco, California, U.S.
Key people
ServicesCloud computing
RevenueIncrease US$37.89 billion (2025)
Increase US$7.205 billion (2025)
Increase US$6.197 billion (2025)
Total assetsIncrease US$102.9 billion (2025)
Total equityIncrease US$61.17 billion (2025)
Number of employees
76,453 (2025)
Subsidiaries
ASN
Websitesalesforce.com
Footnotes / references
Financials as of January 31, 2025.[1]

Salesforce, Inc. is an American cloud-based software company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It provides applications focused on sales, customer service, marketing automation, e-commerce, analytics, artificial intelligence, agentic AI, and application development.

Founded by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff in March 1999, Salesforce grew quickly, making its initial public offering in 2004. As of September 2025, Salesforce is the 61st largest company in the world by market cap with a value of nearly US$238 billion.[2] It became the world's largest enterprise applications firm in 2022.[3] Salesforce ranked 491st on the 2023 edition of the Fortune 500, making $31.352 billion in revenue.[4] Since 2020, Salesforce has also been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average; it is the youngest company in the index.[5]

History

Salesforce was founded on March 8, 1999 by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff, together with Parker Harris, Dave Moellenhoff, and Frank Dominguez as a software-as-a-service (SaaS) company.[6][7][8] The first prototype of Salesforce was launched in November 1999.[8]

Two of Salesforce's earliest investors were Larry Ellison, the co-founder and first CEO of Oracle, and Halsey Minor, the founder of CNET.[7]

Salesforce was severely affected by the dot-com bubble bursting at the beginning of the new millennium, resulting in the company laying off 20% of its workforce. Despite its losses, Salesforce continued strong during the early 2000s. Salesforce also gained notability during this period for its "the end of software" tagline and marketing campaign, and even hired actors to hold up signs with its slogan outside a Siebel Systems conference.[9] Salesforce’s revenue continued to increase, moving from $5.4 million in 2000 to $22.4 million in 2001.[10][11]

In 2003, Salesforce held its first annual Dreamforce conference in San Francisco.[12] There were around 1300 attendees and 50 exhibitors at the conference.[13]

In June 2004, the company had its initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange under the stock symbol CRM and raised US$110 million.[14][15] In 2006, Salesforce launched Idea Exchange, a platform that allows customers to connect with company product managers.[16]

In 2009, Salesforce passed $1 billion in annual revenue.[7] Also, in 2009, the company launched Service Cloud, an application that helps companies manage service conversations about their products and services.[17]

In 2014, the company released Trailhead, a free online learning platform.[18] In October 2014, Salesforce announced the development of its Customer Success Platform.[19] In September 2016, Salesforce announced the launch of Einstein, an artificial intelligence platform that supports several of Salesforce's cloud services.[20][21] It reportedly acquired a 20-year license to be the exclusive business-oriented software company allowed to use Albert Einstein's likeness for $20 million.[22]

Salesforce launched the Sustainability Cloud (Net Zero Cloud as of 2022), which is used by companies to track progress towards achieving their net zero emissions goals.[23]

In 2020, Salesforce joined the Dow Jones Industrial Average, replacing energy giant and Standard Oil-descendant ExxonMobil.[24] Salesforce's ascension to the Dow Jones was concurrent with that of Amgen and Honeywell.[5] Because the Dow Jones factors its components by market price, Salesforce was the largest technology component of the index at its accession.[25]

Across 2020 and 2021, Salesforce saw some notable leadership changes; in February 2020, co-chief executive officer Keith Block stepped down from his position in the company.[26] Marc Benioff remained as chairman and chief executive officer.[27] In February 2021, Amy Weaver, previously the chief legal officer, became CFO. Former CFO Mark Hawkins announced that he would be retiring in October.[28][29] In November 2021, Bret Taylor was named vice chair and co-CEO of the company.[30]

In December 2020, it was announced that Salesforce would acquire Slack for $27.7 billion, its largest acquisition to date.[31] The acquisition closed in July 2021.[32] Journalists covering the acquisition emphasized the price Salesforce paid for Slack, which was a 54% premium compared to Slack's market value.[33] In April 2022, "Salesforce.com, Inc." changed its legal name to "Salesforce, Inc."[34]

Acceleration Economy reported that Salesforce had surpassed SAP to become the world's largest enterprise software vendor in August 2022.[3]

The next month, Salesforce announced a partnership with Meta Platforms. The deal called for Meta's consumer application WhatsApp to integrate Salesforce's Customer 360 platform to allow consumers to communicate with companies directly.[35]

In November 2022, Salesforce announced it would terminate some employees from its sales team.[36] That same month, Salesforce announced its co-CEO and vice chair, Bret Taylor, would be stepping down from his roles at the end of January 2023, with Benioff continuing to run the company and serve as board chair. Within the week, former Tableau CEO Mark Nelson and former Slack CEO Stewart Butterfield also announced their departures. When asked about the departures, Benioff stated, "people come and people go"; Salesforce's stock dropped to a 52-week low after Nelson's resignation.[37][38][39][40]

In January 2023, the company announced a layoff of about 10%, or approximately 8,000 positions. According to Benioff, the company hired too aggressively during the COVID-19 pandemic and the increase in working from home led to the layoff. The company also reduced office space as part of the restructuring plan.[41] The same month brought an announcement from activist investor Elliott Management that it would acquire a "big stake" in the company.[42]

In January 2024, Salesforce announced it was laying off 700 employees (about 1%) of its global staff.[43]

In October 2025, Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff declared his avid support of the Donald Trump and urged him to deploy the National Guard to San Francisco as Trump was deploying federal troops to other cities.[44] The comments generated significant controversy for Benioff and Salesforce,[45] including push-back from San Francisco mayor Daniel Lurie and District Attorney Brooke Jenkins[46] and the resignation of Ron Conway from the Salesforce Foundation board.[47] Benioff subsequently apologized for his National Guard comments.[48] That same month, Salesforce pitched the Trump administration on ways that Salesforce's AI tools could help Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) triple its staff to support the administration's mass deportation campaign.[49] The company had previously contracted for ICE under the Obama and Biden administrations.[49]

Services

Salesforce offers several customer relationship management (CRM) services, including: Sales Cloud,[50] Service Cloud,[51] Marketing Cloud,[52] and Commerce Cloud and Platform.[52] Additional technologies include Slack.

Other services include app creation, data integration and visualization, and training.[53]

Salesforce launched a suite of features called Salesforce Foundations in September 2024, bundling connected functionality across department-specific Sales Cloud and Service Cloud products.[54]

Artificial intelligence

Launched at Dreamforce in 2016, Salesforce Einstein was the company’s first artificial intelligence product, developed from a set of technologies underlying the Salesforce platform.[55]

In March 2023, Salesforce announced ChatGPT integration in Slack was available to any organization, and the launch of Einstein GPT, a generative AI service.[56]

In March 2024, Salesforce launched Einstein Copilot: Health Actions, a conversation assistant based on its earlier artificial intelligence platform Einstein. It helps with making appointments, referrals, and gathering patient information.[57]In July, Salesforce released an AI agent, the Einstein Service Agent, with the ability to perform customer service actions, like enabling product returns or refunds.[58]

In September 2024, the company deployed Agentforce (succeeding Salesforce Einstein), an agentic AI platform where users can create autonomous agents for customer service assistance, developing marketing campaigns, and coaching salespersons.[59][60][61]

Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff stated in a June 2025 interview on The Circuit that artificial intelligence now performs between 30% and 50% of internal work at Salesforce, including functions such as software engineering, customer service, marketing, and analytics.[62] Although he made clear that "humans still drive the future," Benioff noted that AI is enabling the company to reassign employees into higher-value roles rather than reduce headcount.[63]

Salesforce Platform

Salesforce Platform (formerly known as Force.com) is a platform as a service (PaaS) that allows developers to add applications to the main Salesforce.com application.[64] These applications are hosted on Salesforce.com infrastructure.[65]

Force.com applications are built using Apex, a proprietary Java-like programming language[66] to generate HTML originally via the "Visualforce" framework. Beginning in 2015[67] the "Lightning Components" framework has been supported. The Apex language and compiler was initially designed by Craig Weissman.[68]

As of 2014, the Force.com platform had 1.5 million registered developers according to Salesforce.[69]

AppExchange

Launched in 2005, the Salesforce AppExchange is an online app store that allows users to sell third-party applications and consulting services.[70][71]

As of 2021, the exchange has over 5,000 apps listed.[72][73]

Trailhead

Launched in 2014, Trailhead is a free online learning platform with courses focused on Salesforce technologies.[74][75][18]

Discontinued

Desk.com was a SaaS help desk and customer support product acquired by Salesforce for $50 million in 2011,[76][77]and consolidated with other services into Service Cloud Essentials in March 2018.[78]

Do.com was a cloud-based task management system for small groups and businesses, introduced in 2011, and discontinued in 2014.[79][80][81]

Operations

A discussion panel at Salesforce's Customer Company Tour event that focused on customer relationship management

Salesforce is headquartered in San Francisco in the Salesforce Tower.[82] Salesforce has 110 offices, including ones in Hong Kong, Israel, London, Paris, Sydney and Tokyo.[83][84]

Salesforce Tower in New York City

Standard & Poor's added Salesforce to the S&P 500 Index in September 2008.[85] In August 2020, S&P Dow Jones Indices announced that Salesforce would replace ExxonMobil in the Dow Jones Industrial Average.[24]

Culture

According to Marc Benioff, Salesforce corporate culture is based on the concept of Ohana.[86]

In 2021, Cynthia Perry, a design research senior manager, resigned, alleging discrimination in the workplace and posting her resignation letter on LinkedIn.[87]

On September 10, 2021, Benioff tweeted that the company is prepared to help any employee who wishes to move out of the state of Texas, following abortion legislation in Texas, announced on September 1, 2021.[88]

Finances

For the fiscal year 2022, Salesforce reported revenue of US$26.49 billion, an increase of 25% year-over-year and 24% in constant currency.[89] Salesforce ranked 126 on the 2022 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States companies by revenue.[90]

Year[91] Revenue
US$
millions 		Net income
US$
millions 		Total Assets
US$
millions 		Price per Share
US$ 		Employees
2005 176 7 280 5.19 767
2006 310 28 435 8.62 1,304
2007 497 0 665 11.69 2,070
2008 749 18 1,090 13.43 2,606
2009 1,077 43 1,480 11.37 3,566
2010 1,306 81 2,460 24.21 3,969
2011 1,657 64 3,091 32.93 5,306
2012 2,267 −12 4,164 35.73 7,785
2013 3,050 −270 5,529 45.94 9,800
2014 4,071 −232 9,153 57.26 13,300
2015 5,374 −263 10,665 70.66 16,000
2016 6,667 −47 12,763 74.55 19,000
2017 8,392 180 17,585 90.26 25,000
2018 10,480 127 21,010 132.21 29,000
2019 13,282 1,110 30,737 155.10 35,000
2020 17,098 126 55,126 222.40 49,000
2021 21,252 4,072 66,301 255.33 56,606
2022 26,492 1,444 95,209 132.59 73,541
2023 31,352 208 98,849 79,390
2024 34,857 4,136 99,823 72,682
2025 37,895 6,197 102,928 76,453

IT infrastructure

In 2008, Salesforce migrated from Sun Fire E25K servers with SPARC processors running Solaris, to Dell servers with AMD processors, running Linux.[92]

In 2012, Salesforce announced plans to build a data center in the UK to handle European citizens' personal data.[93] The center opened in 2014.[94]

In 2013, Salesforce and Oracle announced a nine-year partnership focusing on applications, platforms, and infrastructure.[95]

In 2016, Salesforce announced that it will use Amazon Web Services hosting for countries with restrictive data residency requirements and where no Salesforce data centers are operating.[96]

Acquisitions

2006–2015

In 2006, Salesforce acquired Sendia, a mobile web service firm, for $15 million[97] and Kieden, an online advertising company.[98] In 2007, Koral, a content management service, was acquired.[99] In 2008, Salesforce acquired Instranet for $31.5 million.[100] In 2010, Salesforce acquired multiple companies, including Jigsaw, a cloud-based data service provider, for $142 million,[101] Heroku, a Ruby application platform-as-a-service, for $212 million,[102] and Activa Live Chat, a live chat software provider.[103] In 2011, Salesforce acquired Dimdim, a web conferencing platform, for $31 million,[104] Radian6, a social media tracking company, for $340 million,[105] and Rypple, a performance management software company.[106] Rypple became known as Work.com in 2012.[107] In 2012, Salesforce acquired Buddy Media, a social media marketer, for $689 million,[108] and GoInstant, a browser collaboration startup, for $70 million.[109]

In 2013, Salesforce acquired ExactTarget, an email marketer, for $2.5 billion.[110] In 2014, Salesforce acquired RelateIQ, a data company, for $390 million.[111] In 2015, Salesforce acquired multiple companies for undisclosed sums, including Toopher, a mobile authentication company,[112] Tempo, an AI calendar app,[113] and MinHash, an AI platform.[114] The company also acquired SteelBrick, a software company, for $360 million.[115]

2016–present

In 2016, Salesforce acquired Demandware, a cloud-based provider of e-commerce services, for $2.8 billion[116][117] and Quip, a word processing app, for $750 million.[118] In 2017, the company acquired Sequence, a user experience design agency.[119] In 2018, Salesforce acquired several companies, including MuleSoft, a cloud service company, for $6.5 billion,[120][121] as well as Rebel, an email services provider,[122] and Datorama, an AI marketing platform.[123]

In 2019, Salesforce completed its acquisition of analytics software company Tableau for $15.7 billion[124] in 2019, and Slack Technologies for $27.7 billion in 2021.[125] Salesforce also made smaller acquisitions between 2019 and 2021, including ClickSoftware for $1.35 billion,[126] consulting firm Acumen Solutions for $570 million,[127] CRM firm Vlocity for $1.33 billion,[26] privacy compliance startup Phennecs for $16.5 million,[128] and robotic process automation firm Servicetrace.[129]

Salesforce's acquired Slack-bot maker Troops.ai in July 2022.[130][131]

In September 2023, Salesforce acquired Airkit.ai, a creator of AI-powered customer service applications and experiences.[132] In December 2023, Salesforce acquired Spiff, an automated commission management platform.[133]

In September 2024, Salesforce acquired data management firm Own for $1.9 billion,[134] and enterprise management platform Zoomin.[135] Salesforce has also acquired PredictSpring and Tenyx in 2024.[136]

In June 2025, Salesforce announced plans to acquire data management platform Informatica for about $8 billion. It had initially been in talks to purchase the company the prior year, but the two parties were unable to agree on terms.[137]

Cybersecurity incidents

2007 Phishing attack

In November 2007, a phishing attack compromised contact information on a number of Salesforce customers. Some customers then received phishing emails that appeared to be invoices from Salesforce.[138][139] Salesforce stated that "a phisher tricked someone into disclosing a password, but this intrusion did not stem from a security flaw in [the salesforce.com] software or database."[138]

2022 Heroku OAuth token theft (Salesforce subsidiary)

On April 13, 2022, GitHub notified Salesforce/Heroku of malicious activity. Heroku determined a threat actor used a stolen OAuth token tied to an internal machine account to access a database storing customer GitHub integration OAuth tokens, prompting token revocations and other containment actions.[140][141][142]

2025 targeted campaigns against Salesforce customers (UNC6040 & UNC6395)

Modified Data Loader / Vishing - UNC6040 threat actors executed a social engineering (security) campaign in which employees were persuaded to install a tampered version of Salesforce Data Loader. The Trojan horse (computing) client functioned as a malware dropper, enabling credential theft, unauthorized access, and large-scale data exfiltration, which was subsequently used for extortion against multiple organizations. Salesforce confirmed the campaign abused user trust and vishing techniques, clarifying that no vulnerability in the Salesforce platform itself was exploited.[143][144][145] [146]

UNC6395[147] threat actors compromised OAuth and refresh tokens through the Salesloft-Drift integration, enabling unauthorized access to Salesforce customer instances for data theft and extortion. According to Google's Threat Intelligence Group, attackers engaged in widespread theft of OAuth tokens via the Salesloft-Drift app to exfiltrate sensitive corporate data, including cloud secrets.[148] In response, Salesforce and Salesloft revoked all affected Drift tokens and removed the application software from AppExchange pending investigation.[149][150][151]

Controversies

‘Meatpistol’ presenters fired at Def Con

In 2017, two Salesforce security engineers were fired after giving a presentation at DEF CON discussing a Salesforce pentesting framework called MEATPISTOL.[152] MEATPISTOL was a Salesforce-developed exploit framework similar to (and named after) Metasploit. Salesforce had previously planned to open source the framework, but changed plans just before the presentation, and fired them immediately afterward[152] The presenters were sent a message half an hour before the presentation telling them to cancel the talk, but they did not see the message until afterward.[152][153] The terminated employees called on the company to open-source the software after being dismissed.[154]

RAICES donation refusal

The not-for-profit organization Refugee and Immigrant Center for Education and Legal Services (RAICES) rejected a US$250,000 donation from Salesforce because the company has contracts with U.S. Customs and Border Protection.[155]

2018 taxes

In December 2019, the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy found that Salesforce was one of 91 companies who "paid an effective federal tax rate of 0% or less" in 2018, as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. Their findings were published in a report based on the 379 Fortune 500 companies that declared a profit in 2018.[156]

Sex-trafficking lawsuit

In March 2019, Salesforce faced a lawsuit by 50 anonymous women claiming to be victims and survivors of sex trafficking, abuse, and rape, alleging the company profited from and helped build technology that facilitated sex trafficking on the now-defunct Backpage.com.[157] In March 2021, a judge granted partial dismissal of the case, dismissing charges of negligence and conspiracy, but allowed the case to proceed regarding charges of sex trafficking.[158] In March 2024, the case was dismissed without prejudice.[159] In September 2024, the US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit denied a request to reverse the dismissal.[160]

Disability discrimination lawsuit in Japan

In July 2021, Salesforce Japan faced a discrimination lawsuit from a former employee, according to Japanese legal media.[161] The firm declined to comment on the suit to the media. The ex-employee, who is autistic with ADHD, claimed she was discriminated against because of her disability and terminated in the firm's Japanese web marketing team. The suit alleged that the anonymous woman, as an employee at Salesforce Japan from 2018 to 2020, faced hate speech, microaggressions and rejection of reasonable accommodation from the manager. She alleged that her attempts to resolve the problem were met with pressure from HR and job coach. The lawsuit is still continuing in Tokyo district court.[162][163]

In Japan, the legal disability quota for private companies is 2.3%. But Salesforce Japan has not met the quota and pay levy from 2009 to 2021, with the exception of 2017. In 2020, the firm did not report the number of disabled employees to Japanese labor official. Depending on the result of lawsuit, it is undeniable that the firm may face a risk of negative impact to disability hiring such as performance improvement plan on the disability employment act or disclosure as social punishment from the labor official.[164]

Employee layoffs/Matthew McConaughey's salary

In January 2023, Salesforce reported that 8,000 employees had been laid off as a result of over-hiring during the Covid lockdown and a global economic downturn. In March 2023, the Wall Street Journal reported that actor Matthew McConaughey was paid 10 million dollars yearly for his role as a "creative advisor and TV pitchman". American musician will.i.am was also cited to be on the company's payroll due to his "strong understanding of technology".[165][166]

Wrongful termination lawsuit

In September 2024, former Salesforce Senior Director Dina Zelikson filed a lawsuit against the company in San Francisco Superior Court, alleging wrongful termination, discrimination, and retaliation during a medical leave.[167]

2025 layoffs and CEO declarations

In September 2025, Benioff drew criticism after announcing that Salesforce had eliminated approximately 4,000 customer service roles following the deployment of AI-powered support agents. Speaking on The Logan Bartlett Show podcast, he said the company reduced its support workforce from 9,000 to about 5,000 employees because he "need[ed] less heads." Salesforce stated that AI agents now handle half of all customer interactions and have reduced support costs by 17% since early 2025. The decision contrasted with Benioff’s earlier remarks suggesting that artificial intelligence would augment, rather than replace, white-collar workers. Critics pointed to the layoffs as evidence of an industry-wide trend of replacing human jobs with automation, similar to workforce reductions at Microsoft and Klarna.[168]

Salesforce Ventures

In 2009, Salesforce began investing in startups.[169] These investments became Salesforce Ventures, headed by John Somorjai[169][170] In September 2014, SFV set up Salesforce1 Fund, aimed at start-ups creating applications primarily for mobile phones.[171] In December 2018, Salesforce Ventures announced the launch of the Japan Trailblazer Fund, focused on Japanese startups.[172]

In August 2018, Salesforce Ventures reported investments totaling over $1 billion in 275 companies, including CloudCraze (e-commerce),[173] Figure Eight (artificial intelligence),[174] Forter (online fraud prevention),[175] and FinancialForce (automation software).[176] In 2019, SFV's five largest investments—Domo (data-visualization software), SurveyMonkey (online survey software), Twilio (cloud-communication), Dropbox (cloud storage), and DocuSign (secure e-signature company)—accounted for nearly half of its portfolio.[177] In 2021, Salesforce announced that its investments had resulted in $2.17 Billion annual gain.[178] In June 2023 Salesforce increased the size of its Generative AI Fund for startups from $250 million to $500 million,[179] and in September 2024 to $1 billion.[180]

To date, Salesforce Venture has invested $5 billion in companies based in 27 different countries.[181]

Office locations

  • Salesforce Tower (San Francisco, US)
  • Salesforce Tower (Indianapolis, US)
  • Salesforce Tower (London, UK)
  • Salesforce Tower (Sydney, AU)
  • Salesforce Tower (Chicago, US)
  • Salesforce Tower (New York, US)
  • Salesforce Singapore[182]

Notes

References

  1. ↑ "salesforce.com, inc. Annual Report for fiscal year ending January 31, 2025 (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 5, 2025. https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1108524/000110852425000006/crm-20250131.htm. 
  2. ↑ "Companies ranked by Market Cap – CompaniesMarketCap.com" (in en-us). https://companiesmarketcap.com/. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Evans, Bob (2022-08-29). "Salesforce Leapfrogs SAP as World's Largest Enterprise-Apps Vendor" (in en-US). https://accelerationeconomy.com/cloud-wars/salesforce-leapfrogs-sap-as-worlds-largest-enterprise-apps-vendor/. 
  4. ↑ "salesforce.com, inc. | 2023 Fortune Global 500" (in en). https://fortune.com/company/salesforce-com-inc/global500/. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Volkman, Eric (August 4, 2020). "Salesforce to Join Dow Jones Industrial Average". https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/salesforce-to-join-dow-jones-industrial-average-2020-08-25. 
  6. ↑ Kim, Eugene. "CEO of $50 billion Salesforce shared his epic founding story to inspire a small business owner" (in en-US). https://www.businessinsider.com/salesforce-benioff-shares-founding-story-2015-9. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 O'Connell, Brian (February 27, 2020). "History of Salesforce: Timeline and Facts" (in en-us). https://www.thestreet.com/technology/history-of-salesforce. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Miller, Ron (2019-03-08). "Salesforce at 20 offers lessons for startup success" (in en-US). https://techcrunch.com/2019/03/08/salesforce-at-20-offers-lessons-for-startup-success/. 
  9. ↑ "The Launch of Salesforce.com and the End of Software" (in en). https://www.provokemedia.com/latest/article/the-launch-of-salesforce-com-and-the-end-of-software. 
  10. ↑ "The History of Salesforce" (in en-US). 2020-03-19. https://www.salesforce.com/news/stories/the-history-of-salesforce/. 
  11. ↑ "Britannica Money" (in en). 2025-07-20. https://www.britannica.com/money/Salesforcecom. 
  12. ↑ Cowley, Stacy (2005-09-08). "Year of rapid growth precedes Salesforce.com user show" (in en). https://www.computerworld.com/article/2808661/year-of-rapid-growth-precedes-salesforce-com-user-show.html. 
  13. ↑ M, Sindhu (2019-11-12). "Dreamforce Facts & Numbers [INFOGRAPHIC - CEPTES"] (in en-US). https://ceptes.com/blogs/dreamforce-facts-numbers-infographic/. 
  14. ↑ Compton, Jason (June 23, 2004). "Salesforce.com IPO Raises $110 million". Destination CRM.com. http://www.destinationcrm.com/Articles/CRM-News/Daily-News/Salesforce.com-IPO-Raises-$110-Million-44252.aspx. 
  15. ↑ "Salesforce.com Top I.P.O. of the Year" (in en-US). The New York Times. Reuters. 2004-06-23. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/23/business/salesforcecom-top-ipo-of-the-year.html. 
  16. ↑ Farber, Dan. "Salesforce.com preps new release and IdeaExchange" (in en). https://www.zdnet.com/article/salesforce-com-preps-new-release-and-ideaexchange/. 
  17. ↑ "Salesforce.com Launches The Service Cloud, A Customer Service SaaS Application" (in en-US). https://techcrunch.com/2009/01/14/salesforcecom-launches-the-service-cloud-a-customer-service-saas-application/. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Zaveri, Paayal. "4 people share how they used Salesforce's free online learning tool Trailhead to break into the tech industry and land great jobs" (in en-US). https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-get-jobs-in-the-salesforce-ecosystem-trailhead-users-2021-8. 
  19. ↑ Hinchcliffe, Dion. "Dreamforce 2014: Converging on cloud, apps, mobile, analytics, and community" (in en). https://www.zdnet.com/article/dreamforce-2014-converging-on-cloud-apps-mobile-analytics-and-community/. 
  20. ↑ "Salesforce forms research group, launches Einstein A.I. platform that works with Sales Cloud, Marketing Cloud" (in en-US). 2016-09-18. https://venturebeat.com/2016/09/18/salesforce-forms-research-group-launches-einstein-a-i-platform-that-works-with-sales-cloud-marketing-cloud/. 
  21. ↑ "Salesforce Einstein celebrates its first birthday with several new features" (in en-US). September 19, 2017. https://techcrunch.com/2017/09/19/salesforce-einstein-celebrates-its-first-birthday-with-a-couple-of-new-features/. 
  22. ↑ "Salesforce Paid $20 Million for the Face of Its AI Strategy" (in en). Bloomberg.com. 2024-03-27. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-27/salesforce-paid-20-million-to-license-einstein-for-ai. 
  23. ↑ Miller, Ron (2022-12-08). "Salesforce to expand Sustainability Cloud into full ESG reporting tool" (in en-US). https://techcrunch.com/2022/12/08/salesforce-to-expand-sustainability-cloud-into-full-esg-reporting-tool/. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Stevens, Pippa (2020-08-24). "Salesforce, Amgen and Honeywell added to Dow in major shake-up to the average" (in en). https://www.cnbc.com/2020/08/24/salesforce-amgen-and-honeywell-added-to-dow-in-major-shakeup-to-the-average.html. 
  25. ↑ Monica, Paul R. La (2020-08-31). "Apple is no longer king of the Dow. Meet tech's new leader | CNN Business" (in en). https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/31/investing/salesforce-dow/index.html. 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 "Salesforce grabs Vlocity for $1.33B, a startup with $1B valuation" (in en-US). February 26, 2020. https://techcrunch.com/2020/02/25/salesforce-grabs-vlocity-for-1-33b-a-startup-with-1b-valuation/. 
  27. ↑ Staff Reports (2020-02-25). "Salesforce leader steps down as software company reports 2020 revenue" (in en-US). https://www.wishtv.com/news/business/salesforce-leader-steps-down-as-software-company-reports-2020-revenue/. 
  28. ↑ Trentmann, Nina (2021-02-01). "Salesforce CFO Hands Reins to Successor After More Than Six Years at Helm" (in en-US). The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/salesforce-cfo-hands-reins-to-successor-after-more-than-six-years-at-helm-11612186200. 
  29. ↑ Ovide, Shira (2014-07-01). "Salesforce.com Names Autodesk Executive as Financial Chief" (in en-US). The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://online.wsj.com/articles/salesforce-com-names-autodesk-executive-as-financial-chief-1404160414. 
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  143. ↑ A.J. Vicens (June 4, 2025). "Hackers abuse modified Salesforce app to steal data, extort companies, Google says". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards-policy-regulation/hackers-abuse-modified-salesforce-app-steal-data-extort-companies-google-says-2025-06-04/. 
  144. ↑ "The Cost of a Call: From Voice Phishing to Data Extortion". Google Cloud Blog. June 4, 2025. https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/voice-phishing-data-extortion. 
  145. ↑ Ravie Lakshmanan (June 4, 2025). "Google Exposes Vishing Group UNC6040 Targeting Salesforce with Fake Data Loader App". The Hacker News. https://thehackernews.com/2025/06/google-exposes-vishing-group-unc6040.html. 
  146. ↑ David Jones (June 4, 2025). "Hackers abuse malicious version of Salesforce tool for data theft, extortion". Cybersecurity Dive. https://www.cybersecuritydive.com/news/hackers-abuse-salesforce-tool-extortion/749790/. 
  147. ↑ "Cyber Criminal Groups UNC6040 and UNC6395 Compromising Salesforce Instances for Data Theft and Extortion". FBI / IC3 FLASH. September 12, 2025. https://www.ic3.gov/CSA/2025/250912.pdf. 
  148. ↑ Mandiant (August 26, 2025). "Widespread Data Theft Targets Salesforce Instances via Salesloft Drift". Google Cloud Blog. https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/data-theft-salesforce-instances-via-salesloft-drift. 
  149. ↑ Chad Knipschild (August 26, 2025). "Salesloft Drift–Salesforce Breach (UNC6395): Why Salesforce OAuth Integrations are a Growing Risk". AppOmni Blog. https://appomni.com/blog/drift-breach-salesforce-unc6395-saas-prevention/. 
  150. ↑ Abrams, Lawrence (September 14, 2025). "FBI warns of UNC6040, UNC6395 hackers stealing Salesforce dataFBI warns of UNC6040, UNC6395 hackers stealing Salesforce data". https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/fbi-warns-of-unc6040-unc6395-hackers-stealing-salesforce-data/. 
  151. ↑ Krebs, Brian (September 1, 2025). "The Ongoing Fallout from a Breach at AI Chatbot Maker Salesloft". https://krebsonsecurity.com/2025/09/the-ongoing-fallout-from-a-breach-at-ai-chatbot-maker-salesloft/. 
  152. ↑ 152.0 152.1 152.2 "Salesforce sacks two top security engineers for their DEF CON talk". https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/08/10/salesforce_fires_its_senior_security_engineers_after_defcon_talk/. 
  153. ↑ Whittaker, Zack (August 9, 2017). "Salesforce fires red team staffers who gave Defcon talk". https://www.zdnet.com/article/salesforce-fires-red-team-staffers-who-gave-defcon-talk/. 
  154. ↑ "Security researchers fired after giving talk to hackers". http://news.sky.com/story/security-researchers-fired-after-giving-talk-to-hackers-10981960. 
  155. ↑ "Aid group Raices rejects $250,000 from Salesforce over border agency contract" (in en). 2018-07-19. http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jul/19/salesforce-raices-immigration-customs-border-protection. 
  156. ↑ Pound, Jesse (December 16, 2019). "These 91 companies paid no federal taxes in 2018". CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/12/16/these-91-fortune-500-companies-didnt-pay-federal-taxes-in-2018.html. 
  157. ↑ Natasha Bach (March 27, 2019). "on Backpage.com". Fortune. http://fortune.com/2019/03/27/salesforce-lawsuit-backpage-sex-trafficking/. 
  158. ↑ Banks, Gabrielle (2021-03-24). "Judge says tech giant Salesforce should stand trial for helping Backpage attract pimps and promote sex trafficking" (in en-US). https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/crime/article/Tech-giant-Salesforce-to-stand-trial-for-creating-16050424.php. 
  159. ↑ "Doe v. Salesforce, Inc., Civil Action 3:23-CV-0915-B | Casetext Search + Citator". https://casetext.com/case/doe-v-salesforce-inc-2. 
  160. ↑ Alafriz, Olivia (2024-09-26). "Salesforce Beats Travelers Bid to Duck Trafficking Case Costs". https://news.bloomberglaw.com/insurance/salesforce-beats-travelers-bid-to-duck-trafficking-case-costs. 
  161. ↑ 発達障害の女性、大手IT・セールスフォースを提訴「合理的配慮を受けられず、雇い止めされた」弁護士ドットコム 2021年7月20日
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  163. ↑ 発達障害当事者が障害者採用で入社したにも関わらず、合理的配慮の提供を受けられず、休職を余儀なくされた上、雇止めにされた事例で、訴訟を提起いたしました－セールスフォース・ドットコム事件 自由法曹団東京支部ニュース2021年8月号
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  165. ↑ Thubron, Rob (March 2023). "Salesforce, which just laid off 8,000 workers, pays 'creative advisor' Matthew McConaughey $10 million per year". TechSpot, Inc.. https://www.techspot.com/news/97772-salesforce-which-laid-off-8000-workers-pays-creative.html. 
  166. ↑ Dotan, Tom; Bindley, Katherine (February 28, 2023). "At Marc Benioff's Salesforce, It's One Big Family—Until Trouble Hits". Dow Jones & Company, Inc.. https://www.wsj.com/articles/salesforce-layoffs-marc-benioff-ohana-culture-8b3e82c. 
  167. ↑ "BMMclaw". https://bmcclaw.com/2024/09/former-senior-director-sues-salesforce-for-wrongful-termination-during-health-crisis/. 
  168. ↑ Burleigh, Emma (September 2, 2025). "Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff says his company has cut 4,000 customer service jobs as AI steps in: 'I need less heads'". https://finance.yahoo.com/news/salesforce-ceo-marc-benioff-says-140026317.html. 
  169. ↑ 169.0 169.1 Peterson, Becky (August 18, 2018). "Inside Salesforce Ventures — the investment arm behind a $1 billion software ecosystem fueling growth". Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/how-salesforce-ventures-helped-fortify-salesforce-empire-2018-8. 
  170. ↑ De La Merced, Michael J.. "Salesforce.com to Set Up a Venture Capital Fund". The New York Times. https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2014/09/08/embargoed-salesforce-com-to-set-up-a-venture-capital-fund/. 
  171. ↑ "Salesforce.com Launches $100 Million Salesforce1 Fund" (in en-US). https://techcrunch.com/2014/09/08/salesforce-com-launches-100-million-salesforce1-fund/. 
  172. ↑ "Salesforce doubles down on Japan with dedicated $100M fund" (in en-US). December 6, 2018. https://techcrunch.com/2018/12/06/salesforce-ventures-japan-trailblazer-fund-100-million/. 
  173. ↑ Pletz, John (January 5, 2017). "Salesforce software maker CloudCraze lands $20 million". Crain Communications. https://www.chicagobusiness.com/article/20170105/BLOGS11/170109932/salesforce-software-maker-cloudcraze-lands-20-million-led-by-insight-venture. "Salesforce's venture-capital arm also invested in the deal." 
  174. ↑ "Appen acquires Figure Eight for up to $300M, bringing two data annotation companies together" (in en-US). March 10, 2019. https://techcrunch.com/2019/03/10/appen-acquires-figure-eight/. 
  175. ↑ "Forter raises $300M on a $3B valuation to combat e-commerce fraud" (in en-US). May 25, 2021. https://techcrunch.com/2021/05/25/forter-raises-300m-on-a-3b-valuation-for-a-platform-to-combat-e-commerce-fraud/. 
  176. ↑ Darrow, Barb (June 20, 2017). "This Salesforce Ally Is Gearing Up to Take on Microsoft and Oracle". Time Inc.. http://fortune.com/2017/06/20/salesforce-financialforce-microsoft/. 
  177. ↑ Peterson, Becky (November 14, 2018). "Salesforce owns $1.2 billion worth of other companies — here are its 5 biggest investments in public companies". Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/salesforce-investment-domo-twilio-docusign-dropbox-2018-8. "the company's five largest public investments account for $505 million" 
  178. ↑ Levy, Ari (2021-03-06). "How Salesforce became Silicon Valley's best late-stage tech investor" (in en). https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/06/how-salesforce-became-silicon-valleys-best-late-stage-tech-investor.html. 
  179. ↑ Wiggers, Kyle (2023-06-12). "Salesforce pledges to invest $500M in generative AI startups" (in en-US). https://techcrunch.com/2023/06/12/salesforce-pledges-to-invest-500m-in-generative-ai-startups/. 
  180. ↑ Nieva, Richard. "Salesforce's Venture Arm Commits Another $500 Million To Its Generative AI Fund" (in en). Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/richardnieva/2024/09/16/salesforce-ventures-500-million-generative-ai-fund/. 
  181. ↑ Dorbian, Iris (2024-09-16). "Salesforce Ventures unveils $500m AI fund" (in en-US). https://www.venturecapitaljournal.com/salesforce-ventures-unveils-500m-ai-fund/. 
  182. ↑ "Salesforce Global Offices" (in en). https://www.salesforce.com/ap/company/locations/. 



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