Engineering:GOES-19

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GOES-19
Artistic rendering of GOES-U once deployed
NamesGeostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-U
Mission typeEarth weather forecasting
OperatorNOAA / NASA
Mission duration15 years (planned)
560 days, 4 hours (in progress)
Spacecraft properties
BusA2100
ManufacturerLockheed Martin
Launch mass5,000 kg (11,023 lb)
Dry mass2,925 kg (6,449 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date25 June 2024, 21:26 (2024-06-25UTC21:26Z) UTC[2] (5:26 pm EDT)
RocketFalcon Heavy
Launch siteKennedy Space Center, LC-39A
ContractorSpaceX
Entered service7 April 2025 [1]
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric orbit
RegimeGeostationary orbit
Longitude75.2° west (planned)[3]
Semi-major axis41,845 km (26,001 mi)[4]
Eccentricity0.0045031[4]
Perigee altitude35,286.4 km (21,926.0 mi)[4]
Apogee altitude35,663.3 km (22,160.1 mi)[4]
Inclination0.1204°[2]
Period24 hours[4]
EpochJuly 12, 2024

GOES-U mission insignia
← GOES-18
 

GOES-19 (designated GOES-U prior to reaching geostationary orbit) is a weather satellite, the fourth and last of the GOES-R series of satellites operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The GOES-R series will extend the availability of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) system until 2036. The satellite is built by Lockheed Martin, based on the A2100 platform.[5][6] The satellite was placed into service as the GOES-East position and GOES-16 was stored as backup on April 7, 2025.[7]

Launch

The satellite was successfully launched into space atop a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket on 25 June 2024 at 21:26 UTC (5:26 pm EDT local time at the launch site),[2] from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United States. The redesign of the loop heat pipe to prevent an anomaly, as seen in GOES-17, was not expected to delay the launch as with GOES-T.[8]

GOES-19 also carries a copy of the Naval Research Laboratory's Compact CORonagraph (CCOR) instrument which, along with the CCOR planned for Space Weather Follow On-Lagrange 1 (SWFO-L1), will allow continued monitoring of solar wind after the retirement of the NASA-ESA SOHO satellite in 2025.[9][10]

GOES-19 has a dry mass of 2,925 kg (6,449 lb) and a fueled mass of 5,000 kg (11,023 lb).[11]

Comet discoveries through CCOR

The CCOR instrument carried aboard GOES-19 has allowed for the discovery of several sungrazer comets by researchers analyzing CCOR imagery. As of 20 March 2025, GOES-19's CCOR has found 27 comets.[12]

The faint comet 3I/ATLAS is observable from 18–24 October 2025 with GOES-19 as the satellite can see objects down to magnitude 12.[13]

References

  1. ↑ "OSPO Administrative Message declaring GOES 19 Operational". 7 April 2025. https://www.ospo.noaa.gov/data/messages/2025/04/MSG_20250407_1510.html. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Garofalo, Meredith (June 25, 2024). "Powerful GOES-U weather satellite launches to orbit atop SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket". https://www.space.com/spacex-falcon-heavy-goes-u-weather-satellite-launch. 
  3. ↑ "NOAA's GOES-U Reaches Geostationary Orbit, Now Designated GOES-19". NOAA. July 8, 2024. https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/news/noaas-goes-u-reaches-geostationary-orbit-now-designated-goes-19.  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "GOES-19 (GOES-U)". https://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=60133. 
  5. ↑ "GOES-R, S, T, U Spacecraft Overview". Spaceflight101. https://spaceflight101.com/goes-r/goes-r-spacecraft/. 
  6. ↑ Andrews, Hillary (2024-03-27). "GOES-U weather satellite to launch June 25 after leak causes delay" (in en-US). https://www.foxweather.com/earth-space/final-goes-r-series-satellite-launch-june-25. 
  7. ↑ "NOAA’s GOES-19 satellite now operational, providing critical new data to forecasters". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/noaas-goes-19-satellite-now-operational-providing-critical-new-data-to-forecasters. 
  8. ↑ Werner, Debra (2019-01-09). "Lockheed Martin halts work on GOES-T to wait for instrument fix". https://spacenews.com/lockheed-martin-goes-t-u/. 
  9. ↑ Vargas, Marco (7 January 2019). "The NOAA Space Weather Follow-On Program to Ensure Continuity of CME Imagery and Solar Wind Space-Based Observations". American Meteorilogical Society 99th Annual Meeting (AMS). https://ams.confex.com/ams/2019Annual/webprogram/Paper355013.html. Retrieved 24 March 2020. 
  10. ↑ "Space Weather Follow On-Lagrange 1". NOAA. https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/OPPA/swfo.php.  Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  11. ↑ "GOES-R Series Spacecraft Overview". GOES-R Series. https://www.goes-r.gov/spacesegment/spacecraft.html. 
  12. ↑ "March 2025 Confirmations". https://sungrazer.nrl.navy.mil/confs-Mar2025. 
  13. ↑ Worachate Boonplod on Comets-ML

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