Engineering:Schneider Trophy aircraft

Schneider Trophy aircraft are the racing seaplanes that contested for the Schneider Trophy between 1913 and 1931. By winning its third consecutive contest in 1931, the United Kingdom won the trophy in perpetuity.

Sortable List Of Schneider Trophy Aircraft ^[1]^[2]^[3]
Year	Country	Manufacturer	Model	Designer	Engine	Power	Racing History^{[lower-alpha 1]}	Speed	Notes & Refs
1913	France	Deperdussin	Coupe Schneider	Louis Béchereau	Gnome Lambda-Lambda	160 hp 120 kW	Template:Gold1 (1913)	73.6 km/h 45.7 mph
1913	France	Morane-Saulnier	G	Léon Morane Raymond Saulnier	Gnome Lambda	80 hp 60 kW	Template:Silver2 (1913)	92 km/h 57 mph
1913	France	Nieuport	VI.G		Gnome Omega-Omega	100 hp 75 kW	R (1913)^{[lower-alpha 2]}	—
1914	G.B.	Sopwith	Tabloid		Gnome Monosoupape	100 hp 75 kW	Template:Gold1 (1914)	139.66 km/h 86.78 mph	^[4]^:248–249
1914	Switz.	FBA	Type B		Gnome Monosoupape	100 hp 75 kW	Template:Silver2 (1914)	82.35 km/h 51.17 mph	^[4]^:248–249
1919	Italy	Savoia	S.13		Isotta Fraschini V.6	250 hp 190 kW	DQ (1919)	—
1919	G.B.	Fairey	III		Napier Lion	450 hp 340 kW	R (1919)	—	^[4]^:306
1919	G.B.	Sopwith	Schneider		Cosmos Jupiter	450 hp 340 kW	R (1919)	—	^[4]^:245–247
1919	G.B.	Supermarine	Sea Lion I		Napier Lion	450 hp 340 kW	R (1919)	—	^[4]^:306
1920	Italy	Savoia	S.12		Ansaldo 4E29	550 hp 410 kW	Template:Gold1 (1920)	172.56 km/h 107.22 mph	^[4]^:268
1921	Italy	Macchi	M.7bis		Isotta Fraschini V.6	250 hp 190 kW	Template:Gold1 (1921)	189.68 km/h 117.86 mph	^[4]^:295–296
1921	Italy	Macchi	M.7bis		Isotta Fraschini V.6	250 hp 190 kW	R (1921)^{[lower-alpha 3]}	—	^[4]^:295–296
1921	Italy	Macchi	M.19		Fiat A.14	650 hp 480 kW	R (1921)	—	^{[lower-alpha 4]}^[4]^:290
1922	G.B.	Supermarine	Sea Lion II		Napier Lion	450 hp 340 kW	Template:Gold1 (1922)	234.52 km/h 145.72 mph	^{[lower-alpha 5]}^[4]^:306
1922	Italy	Savoia	S.51		Hispano-Suiza 8F	300 hp 220 kW	Template:Silver2 (1922)	230.93 km/h 143.49 mph	^[4]^:294
1922	Italy	Macchi	M.17		Isotta Fraschini V.6	260 hp 190 kW	Template:Bronze3 (1922)	213.63 km/h 132.74 mph	^[4]^:295–296
1922	Italy	Macchi	M.17		Isotta Fraschini V.6	260 hp 190 kW	4 (1922)^{[lower-alpha 6]}	199.61 km/h 124.03 mph	^[4]^:295–296
1923	U.S.A.	Curtiss	CR-3		Curtiss D-12	475 hp 354 kW	Template:Gold1 (1923)	285.46 km/h 177.38 mph
1923	U.S.A.	Curtiss	CR-3		Curtiss D-12	475 hp 354 kW	Template:Silver2 (1923)^{[lower-alpha 7]}	278.97 km/h 173.34 mph
1923	G.B.	Supermarine	Sea Lion III		Napier Lion III	525 hp 391 kW	Template:Bronze3 (1923)	252.93 km/h 157.16 mph	^{[lower-alpha 8]}
1923	France	CAMS	38		Hispano-Suiza 12Fd Spécial	380 hp 280 kW	R (1923)	—
1925	U.S.A.	Curtiss	R3C.2		Curtiss V-1400	565 hp 421 kW	Template:Gold1 (1925)	374.27 km/h 232.56 mph	^{[lower-alpha 9]}
1925							R (1925)^{[lower-alpha 10]}	—
1926							Template:Silver2 (1926)^{[lower-alpha 11]}	372.34 km/h 231.36 mph
1925	G.B.	Gloster	III		Napier Lion VII	700 hp 520 kW	Template:Silver2 (1925)	320.58 km/h 199.20 mph	^{[lower-alpha 12]}
1925	Italy	Macchi	M.33		Curtiss D-12	500 hp 370 kW	Template:Bronze3 (1925)	271.08 km/h 168.44 mph
1925	G.B.	Supermarine	S.4	R. J. Mitchell	Napier Lion VII	680 hp 510 kW	C (1925)	—^{[lower-alpha 13]}	^{[lower-alpha 14]}
1926	Italy	Macchi	M.39	Mario Castoldi	Fiat AS.2	800 hp 600 kW	Template:Gold1 (1926)^{[lower-alpha 15]}	396.70 km/h 246.50 mph
							Template:Bronze3 (1926)^{[lower-alpha 16]}	350.85 km/h 218.01 mph
							R (1926)^{[lower-alpha 17]}	—
1926	U.S.A.	Curtiss	F6C-1		Curtiss D-12A	507 hp 378 kW	4 (1926)	220.41 km/h 136.96 mph
1926	U.S.A.	Curtiss	R3C.4		Curtiss V-1550	685 hp 511 kW	R (1926)	—^{[lower-alpha 18]}
1927	G.B.	Supermarine	S.5	R. J. Mitchell	Napier Lion VIIB	875 hp 652 kW	Template:Gold1 (1927)	453.28 km/h 281.66 mph
1927					Napier Lion VIIA	900 hp 670 kW	Template:Silver2 (1927)	439.45 km/h 273.06 mph
1929					Napier Lion VIIB	875 hp 652 kW	Template:Bronze3 (1929)	454.02 km/h 282.11 mph
1927	G.B.	Gloster	IVB		Napier Lion VIIB	875 hp 652 kW	R (1927)	—^{[lower-alpha 19]}
1927	Italy	Macchi	M.52	Mario Castoldi	Fiat AS.2	800 hp 600 kW	R (1927)^{[lower-alpha 20]}	—	^{[lower-alpha 21]}
1927					Fiat AS.3	1,000 hp 750 kW	R (1927)^{[lower-alpha 20]}	—
1929					Fiat AS.3	1,000 hp 750 kW	Template:Silver2 (1929)^{[lower-alpha 22]}	457.38 km/h 284.20 mph
1927	G.B.	Short	Crusader	W.A. Bristow	Bristol Mercury	870 hp 650 kW	C (1927)	—	^{[lower-alpha 23]}
1927	U.S.A.	Kirkham-Williams	Racer	Alford Williams	Packard X-2775	1,250 hp 930 kW	W (1927)	—
1929	G.B.	Supermarine	S.6	R. J. Mitchell	Rolls-Royce R	1,900 hp 1,400 kW	Template:Gold1 (1929)	528.88 km/h 328.63 mph
1929	G.B.	Supermarine	S.6	R. J. Mitchell	Rolls-Royce R	1,900 hp 1,400 kW	DQ (1929)^{[lower-alpha 24]}	—
1929	Italy	Macchi	M.67	Mario Castoldi	Isotta Fraschini Asso 2-800^{[lower-alpha 25]}	1,800 hp 1,300 kW	R (1929)^{[lower-alpha 26]}	—^{[lower-alpha 27]}
1929	G.B.	Gloster	VI		Napier Lion VIID	1,320 hp 980 kW	F (1929)		^{[lower-alpha 28]}
1929	Italy	Savoia-Marchetti	S.65		2× Isotta Fraschini Asso 1-500^[6]	1,000 hp 750 kW (×2)	W (1929)		^{[lower-alpha 29]}
1929	Italy	Fiat Aviazione	C.29	Celestino Rosatelli	Fiat AS.5	1,050 hp 780 kW	W (1929)^{[lower-alpha 30]}
1929	Italy	Piaggio	P.7		Isotta Fraschini Asso 1-500	980 hp 730 kW	W (1929)	—^{[lower-alpha 31]}	^{[lower-alpha 32]}
1931	G.B.	Supermarine	S.6B	R. J. Mitchell	Rolls-Royce R	2,350 hp 1,750 kW	Template:Gold1 (1931)	547.30 km/h 340.08 mph	^{[lower-alpha 33]}
1931	Italy	Macchi	M.C.72	Mario Castoldi	Fiat AS.6	2,500 hp 1,900 kW	W (1931)	—^{[lower-alpha 34]}	^{[lower-alpha 35]}

Table notes

↑ Place of finish and year, or
C: crashed prior to race
DQ: disqualified after finish
F: failed to qualify for race
R: entered race, but retired before finish
W: withdrawn from race
↑ Two entrants in the 1913 race; both retired prior to finish.
↑ Second entry in 1921 race; flown by Corgnolino, retired on 16th lap.
↑ Largest wing area of any Schneider Trophy entry.
↑ Last flying boat to win.
↑ Second entrant in 1922 race.
↑ Took 1st and 2nd place in 1923.
↑ 1922 Sea Lion II using new, uprated engine.
↑ The last biplane to win the Schneider Trophy.
↑ Three entrants total in 1925 race; two retired.
↑ 2nd place at 1926 race.
↑ The shortest wingspan of all Schneider racers at 20'
↑ Maximum speed 381 km/h (237 mph).
↑ Crashed during qualification, most likely from wing flutter of un-braced cantilever wing.
↑ #5, flown by De Bernardi.
↑ #1, flown by Bacula.
↑ #3, flown by Ferrarin, retired 4th lap.
↑ Maximum speed 390 km/h (240 mph).
↑ Calculated maximum speed 445 km/h (277 mph).
↑ ^20.0 ^20.1 Two entrants in 1927, one powered by Fiat AS.2, the other by AS.3; both retired.
↑ Featured swept back wings.
↑ 2nd place 1929 as M.52R.
↑ Crashed during race trials.
↑ N.248 piloted by Atcherley was disqualified for missing a pylon.
↑ The Asso 2-800 (also known as the Asso 750 M) was developed from the Asso 750 by increasing the bore and stroke by 10 mm (0.39 in), increasing the compression ratio, and also fitting unique cylinder heads, carburetors, and crankcase. Typical output was closer to 1,400 horsepower (1,000 kW).^[5]
↑ Both entries failed to finish 1929 race.
↑ Calculated maximum speed was 565 km/h (351 mph).
↑ Fuel supply problems.
↑ Utilized tractor and pusher propellers to eliminate prop torque that could sink float on one side.
↑ Aircraft was not ready in time for racing.
↑ Top speed was estimated at 580 km/h (360 mph).
↑ This radical design with hydro-vanes instead of floats with its fuselage floating in the water. The propeller pivoted upwards on take off and landing; however, prop/clutch problems between the water and air propellers proved insoluble.
↑ With the third straight win for Great Britain, won the Trophy permanently.
↑ Maximum speed of 709 km/h (441 mph) was demonstrated after the race.
↑ The final Schneider design was completed after final races and was the fastest by a very large margin. It was the only model with Contra-rotating propellers.

References

↑ Barker, Ralph (1981). The Schneider Trophy Races. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd.. ISBN 0-906393-15-9.
↑ Weyl, Alfred Richard (August 1932). "Der Wettbewerb um den Schneider-Pokal". Zeitschrift für Flugtechnik und Motorluftschiffahrt (R. Oldenbourg) 23 (15). https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19930094705.pdf.
↑ Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996). "Schneider Trophy". https://www.hydroretro.net/cup.php. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
↑ ^4.00 ^4.01 ^4.02 ^4.03 ^4.04 ^4.05 ^4.06 ^4.07 ^4.08 ^4.09 ^4.10 Technical Regulations No. 1440-55: Air Corps – Aircraft Engines (Report). War Department. June 30, 1927. https://books.google.com/books?id=wMwsAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA268.
↑ Pearce, William (April 5, 2019). "Isotta Fraschini W-18 Aircraft and Marine Engines". https://oldmachinepress.com/2019/04/05/isotta-fraschini-w-18-aircraft-and-marine-engines/. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
↑ Pearce, William (September 20, 2016). "Savoia-Marchetti S.65 Schneider Racer". https://oldmachinepress.com/2016/09/20/savoia-marchetti-s-65-schneider-racer/. Retrieved 28 May 2020.

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[4] Place of finish and year, or
C: crashed prior to race
DQ: disqualified after finish
F: failed to qualify for race
R: entered race, but retired before finish
W: withdrawn from race

[5] Two entrants in the 1913 race; both retired prior to finish.

[7] Second entry in 1921 race; flown by Corgnolino, retired on 16th lap.

[8] Largest wing area of any Schneider Trophy entry.

[9] Last flying boat to win.

[10] Second entrant in 1922 race.

[11] Took 1st and 2nd place in 1923.

[12] 1922 Sea Lion II using new, uprated engine.

[13] The last biplane to win the Schneider Trophy.

[14] Three entrants total in 1925 race; two retired.

[15] 2nd place at 1926 race.

[16] The shortest wingspan of all Schneider racers at 20'

[17] Maximum speed 381 km/h (237 mph).

[18] Crashed during qualification, most likely from wing flutter of un-braced cantilever wing.

[19] #5, flown by De Bernardi.

[20] #1, flown by Bacula.

[21] #3, flown by Ferrarin, retired 4th lap.

[22] Maximum speed 390 km/h (240 mph).

[23] Calculated maximum speed 445 km/h (277 mph).

[Macchi-M.52-1927-24] 20.0 ^20.1 Two entrants in 1927, one powered by Fiat AS.2, the other by AS.3; both retired.

[25] Featured swept back wings.

[26] 2nd place 1929 as M.52R.

[27] Crashed during race trials.

[28] N.248 piloted by Atcherley was disqualified for missing a pylon.

[30] The Asso 2-800 (also known as the Asso 750 M) was developed from the Asso 750 by increasing the bore and stroke by 10 mm (0.39 in), increasing the compression ratio, and also fitting unique cylinder heads, carburetors, and crankcase. Typical output was closer to 1,400 horsepower (1,000 kW).^[5]

[31] Both entries failed to finish 1929 race.

[32] Calculated maximum speed was 565 km/h (351 mph).

[33] Fuel supply problems.

[35] Utilized tractor and pusher propellers to eliminate prop torque that could sink float on one side.

[36] Aircraft was not ready in time for racing.

[37] Top speed was estimated at 580 km/h (360 mph).

[38] This radical design with hydro-vanes instead of floats with its fuselage floating in the water. The propeller pivoted upwards on take off and landing; however, prop/clutch problems between the water and air propellers proved insoluble.

[39] With the third straight win for Great Britain, won the Trophy permanently.

[40] Maximum speed of 709 km/h (441 mph) was demonstrated after the race.

[41] The final Schneider design was completed after final races and was the fastest by a very large margin. It was the only model with Contra-rotating propellers.

[1] Barker, Ralph (1981). The Schneider Trophy Races. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd.. ISBN 0-906393-15-9.

[2] Weyl, Alfred Richard (August 1932). "Der Wettbewerb um den Schneider-Pokal". Zeitschrift für Flugtechnik und Motorluftschiffahrt (R. Oldenbourg) 23 (15). https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19930094705.pdf.

[3] Pecastaingts, Pierre (1996). "Schneider Trophy". https://www.hydroretro.net/cup.php. Retrieved 22 May 2020.

[TR1440-6] 4.00 ^4.01 ^4.02 ^4.03 ^4.04 ^4.05 ^4.06 ^4.07 ^4.08 ^4.09 ^4.10 Technical Regulations No. 1440-55: Air Corps – Aircraft Engines (Report). War Department. June 30, 1927. https://books.google.com/books?id=wMwsAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA268.

[29] Pearce, William (April 5, 2019). "Isotta Fraschini W-18 Aircraft and Marine Engines". https://oldmachinepress.com/2019/04/05/isotta-fraschini-w-18-aircraft-and-marine-engines/. Retrieved 28 May 2020.

[34] Pearce, William (September 20, 2016). "Savoia-Marchetti S.65 Schneider Racer". https://oldmachinepress.com/2016/09/20/savoia-marchetti-s-65-schneider-racer/. Retrieved 28 May 2020.

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