List of preprint repositories

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This is a list of repositories used to store open science research outputs, which may include preprints, datasets, and journal publications with open content licenses.[1]

List

Name Discipline(s)[lower-alpha 1] Description Size[lower-alpha 2] Created[lower-alpha 3] Provider(s)
AIJR Preprints Multidisciplinary AIJR Preprints is an open-access Indian preprint repository which is indexed in Europe PMC[2] and listed in OpenDOAR[3] >100 2020 AIJR Publisher
AAS Open Research Multidisciplinary At least one of the authors must be affiliated with the African Academy of Sciences >100 2018 African Academy of Sciences & F1000 Research Ltd
AMRC Open Research Medicine At least one of the authors must be affiliated with AMRC member charities <100 2019 Association of Medical Research Charities & F1000 Research Ltd
agriRxiv Agriculture Global preprint service for agriculture and allied sciences >100 2017 Open Access India & CAB International
APSA Preprints Political science Early research outputs in political science and related disciplines >100 2019 American Political Science Association & Cambridge University Press
mp arc Mathematical physics Main focus: mathematics, physics >10,000 1991–2023 University of Texas at Austin, Università Roma Tre, Universitat de Barcelona
arXiv[4] Multidisciplinary Main focus: mathematics, physics, astronomy, computer science, quantitative biology, statistics, quantitative finance and economics >1,000,000[5] 1991 Cornell University[6]
AfricArXiv[7] Multidisciplinary Preprint server for interdisciplinary research in Africa >100 2018 Center for Open Science
Arabixiv Multidisciplinary Arabic Preprint Server >100 2018 Center for Open Science
ARPHA Preprints Multidisciplinary The submission systems limited to the participating ARPHA journals <100 2020 Pensoft Publishers
Authorea[8] Multidisciplinary A collaborative writing platform that can be used as preprint server >10,000 2013 Atypon
Beilstein Archives Multidisciplinary Preprint server for Beilstein journals >100 2019 Beilstein Institut
BioHackrXiv ({{{2}}}) Life Sciences Preprint server to report on works done during BioHackathons, CodeFests, Sprints or similar events >100[9] 2020 Center for Open Science
bioRxiv[10] Biology Open access preprint repository for the biological sciences >100,000[11] 2013 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
BodoArXiv ({{{2}}}) Medieval Studies Open Repository for Medieval Studies <100 2019 ScholarlyHub & Center for Open Science
Cell Sneak Peek Biology Manuscript under review in Cell Press journals >1,000 2018 Elsevier
ChemRxiv[12] Chemistry Open access preprint archive for chemistry >10,000 2017 American Chemical Society, Royal Society of Chemistry & German Chemical Society
ChinaXiv ({{{2}}}) Multidisciplinary Preprint server for interdisciplinary research in China >10,000 2016 National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences
CogPrints Multidisciplinary Psychology, Neuroscience, Linguistics, Computer Science, Philosophy, and Biology >1,000 1997–2017 University of Southampton
CrimRxiv Criminology Criminology's open archive >100 2020 University of Manchester
Cryptology ePrint Archive Cryptography Open access preprint archive for cryptography >1,000 1996 International Association for Cryptologic Research
EarthArXiv[13] Earth science All subdomains of Earth Science and related domains of planetary science >1,000 2017 California Digital Library
EcoEvoRxiv Ecology A free preprint service for ecology, evolution and conservation >100 2018 Center for Open Science
EconStor Economics and Business Studies A subject based repository with a high share of working papers (preprints) >100,000 2009 ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics
ECSarXiv Electrochemistry A free preprint service for electrochemistry and solid state science and technology >100 2018 Center for Open Science
EdArXiv ({{{2}}}) Education A Preprint Server For The Education Research Community >100 2019 Center for Open Science
engrXiv[14] Engineering Open archive of engineering preprints >1,000 2016 Open Engineering Inc
ESSOAr Earth science Earth and space science preprints and conference posters >1,000 2018 American Geophysical Union, Atypon, & Wiley
Eyexiv Vision science The Eye Open Repository, Preprints for ophthalmology, optometry, and vision science >100 2022 International Virtual Ophthalmic Research Center
E-LIS Library science Eprints in Library and Information Science >10,000 2003 E-LIS Governance & CIEPI
F1000 Research Life Sciences Preprint server with integrated option of peer review by invited experts, suggested by the authors, done openly after publication >1,000 2012 F1000 Research Ltd
figshare Multidisciplinary Open content repository unknown 2011 Springer Nature
FocUS Archive Ultrasound research A free preprint service for the focused ultrasound research community <100 2018 Center for Open Science
Frenxiv Multidisciplinary French server for preprints. Closed. >100 2018–2022 Center for Open Science
Gates Open Research Multidisciplinary A platform for rapid author-led publication and open peer review of research funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation >100 2017 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
HAL[15] Multidisciplinary Open archive for scholarly documents from all academic fields >1,000,000 2001 Centre pour la communication scientifique directe
HRB Open Research Medicine A preprint platform for HRB-funded researchers >100 2018 Health Research Board & F1000 Research Ltd.
hprints Arts and humanities Nordic Arts and Humanities and Social Sciences Open Access repository >100 2008 French National Centre for Scientific Research & Nordbib
INArxiv ({{{2}}}) Multidisciplinary Preprint server for interdisciplinary research in Indonesia >10,000 2017–2020[16] Center for Open Science
IndiaRxiv ({{{2}}}) Multidisciplinary Preprint server for interdisciplinary research in India >100 2019 Open Access India, Center for Open Science & Society for Promotion of Horticulture
Jxiv Multidisciplinary Preprint server in Japan[17] >100 2022 Japan Science and Technology Agency
JMIR Preprints Medicine Preprint server by publisher JMIR Publications mainly for open review of JMIR submissions >100[18] 2009[19] JMIR Publications
LatArXiv Preprints ({{{2}}}) Multidisciplinary Preprint repository focused on early dissemination and citation of research primarily in the Latin American context. >100 2024[20] Paideia Publishing Services
LawArXiv Law Archive for legal research >1,000 2017–2020 Center for Open Science
LISSA Library science Library and Information Sciences Scholarship Archive >100 2018 Center for Open Science
LingBuzz Linguistics Preprint server for linguistics, covering phonology, semantics, syntax, morphology, and diachronic linguistics >10,000 2004(?) University of Tromsø
MarXiv Marine science Repository for ocean and marine-climate science. Closed. >100 2017–2020 Center for Open Science
MediArXiv ({{{2}}}) Communication sciences Preprints for media, film, and communication research >100 2019 Center for Open Science
medRxiv[21] Medicine Open access preprint archive for medicine >10,000[22] 2019 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
MetaArXiv ({{{2}}}) Multidisciplinary Focused on improving research transparency and reproducibility >100[23] 2018 Center for Open Science
MindRxiv Multidisciplinary Preprints on mind and contemplative practices >100 2018 Center for Open Science
Nature Precedings Multidisciplinary Preprint repository of scholarly work in the fields of biomedical sciences, chemistry, and earth sciences >1,000 2007–2012 Nature Publishing Group
NutriXiv Nutritional sciences Preprint service for the nutritional sciences <100 2018 Center for Open Science
Optimization Online Mathematics Eprint repository for optimization topics >10,000 2000 Mathematical Optimization Society & Wisconsin institute
OSF Preprints Multidisciplinary Aggregates over 30 preprint servers (all from COS plus other like arXiv, bioRxiv, etc.). Number of native OSF Preprints documents: 25,114. >1,000,000 2017 Center for Open Science
PaleorXiv[24] Paleontology Preprint server for paleontology >100 2017 Center for Open Science
PeerJ PrePrints[25] Biology, medicine Initially, developed as preprint server for PeerJ submissions. Closed Sep 30th 2019. >1,000 2013–2019 O'Reilly Media & SAGE Publishing
PhilArchive Philosophy A preprint archive for philosophy affiliated with PhilPapers >10,000 2009 PhilPapers Foundation
PhilSci-Archive Philosophy of science An archive for preprints in philosophy of science >10,000 2001 D-Scribe Digital Publishing
Preprints with The Lancet Medicine Preprints available via SSRN >1,000 2018 Elsevier
Preprints.org Multidisciplinary Preprint server for interdisciplinary research governed by MDPI >124,000[26] 2016 MDPI
Preprints.ru Multidisciplinary Preprint server for interdisciplinary research in Russia >100 2019 NEICON
PsyArXiv[27] Psychology Open access preprint archive for psychology >10,000[28] 2016 Society for the Improvement of Psychological Science
Qeios[29] Multidisciplinary Open access, open peer review scientific publishing platform >1000 2019 Qeios
RePEc Economics Research in economics >1,000,000 1997 Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Research Square Multidisciplinary Preprint server plus editing (commercial) >100,000[30] 2018 Research Square R&D LLC
Rutgers Optimality Archive Linguistics A distribution point for research in Optimality Theory and its conceptual affiliates >1,000 1993 School of Arts and Sciences at Rutgers University
SciELO Preprints Multidisciplinary Interdisciplinary research for Latin America, Iberian Peninsula, South Africa >10,000 2020 SciELO
ScienceOpen Multidisciplinary A research and discovery network allowing scholars with at least 5 publications to freely review preprints. >1,000,000 2013 ScienceOpen
SocArXiv Social science Open archive of the social sciences >10,000[31] 2016 Center for Open Science
SportRxiv Sports science Repository dedicated to sport and exercise related research >100 2017 Center for Open Science
SSRN (First Look) Multidisciplinary Aggregates over 30 preprint servers (Preprints with The Lancet, Cell Sneak Peek, etc.). More than 55 disciplines. Initially funded by SSRN in 1994, bought in 2016 by Elsevier. >1,000,000 1994 Elsevier
TechRxiv Engineering Preprints in Technology Research >10,000 2020 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
ViXra[32] Multidisciplinary Mainly physics and mathematics, but also other. An alternative to arXiv. Well-known for also having many unorthodox papers and also fringe science. >10,000 2009 Scientific God Inc.
Wellcome Open Research Multidisciplinary At least one of the authors must be a Wellcome researcher >100 2017 Wellcome Trust
WikiJournal Preprints Multidisciplinary Preprint repository of scholarly work in a MediaWiki format <100 2017 WikiJournal User Group
Zenodo Multidisciplinary Preprint repository of scholarly work >100,000 2011 OpenAIRE / CERN
Synthical[33] Multidisciplinary Open access preprint repository for computer science, mathematics, economics, physics, cryptography, biology, and chemistry >1,000,000[34] 2023 Synthical

See also

Explanatory notes

  1. ↑ The Discipline(s) contain only the repository's main focus, as in virtually all preprint servers there are manuscripts from many subjects.
  2. ↑ Some servers will continue to host the preprint even once a published version is available. Others will 'convert' preprints to published articles (where the DOI of the published article is a version the preprint's doi). Sizes of the different repositories are therefore often not comparable.
  3. ↑ If Created is red, it means that the preprint server is no longer operating.

References

  1. ↑ ERC. "Open science". European Research Council (ERC). Brussels, Belgium. https://erc.europa.eu/manage-your-project/open-science.  Website. open access
  2. ↑ "Europe PMC". https://europepmc.org/search?query=PUBLISHER:%22AIJR%20Preprints%22. 
  3. ↑ "AIJR Preprints - Sherpa Services" (in en-gb). https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/repository/9935. 
  4. ↑ Ginsparg, Paul (2011). "It was twenty years ago today". arXiv:1108.2700 [cs.DL].
  5. ↑ "Monthly Submissions". https://arxiv.org/stats/monthly_submissions. 
  6. ↑ Jeffrey Brainard (2026-03-18), "ArXiv, the pioneering preprint server, declares independence from Cornell", science.org (American Association for the Advancement of Science), https://www.science.org/content/article/arxiv-pioneering-preprint-server-declares-independence-cornell 
  7. ↑ Mallapaty, Smriti (2018-06-25). "African scientists launch their own preprint repository" (in en). Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-018-05543-w. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05543-w. 
  8. ↑ Perkel, Jeffrey M. (2014-10-02). "Scientific writing: the online cooperative" (in en). Nature News 514 (7520): 127–128. doi:10.1038/514127a. PMID 25279924. Bibcode: 2014Natur.514..127P. 
  9. ↑ "BioHackrXiv". https://biohackrxiv.org/discover. 
  10. ↑ Callaway, Ewen (2013). "Preprints come to life" (in en). Nature 503 (7475): 180. doi:10.1038/503180a. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 24226869. Bibcode: 2013Natur.503..180C. 
  11. ↑ "Search Results | bioRxiv" (in en). https://www.biorxiv.org/search/jcode:biorxiv%20numresults:10%20sort:relevance-rank%20format_result:standard. 
  12. ↑ "ACS launches chemistry preprint server" (in en). https://cen.acs.org/articles/94/web/2016/08/ACS-launches-chemistry-preprint-server.html. 
  13. ↑ "Earth Science Is Ready for Preprints" (in en-US). 23 April 2019. https://eos.org/science-updates/earth-science-is-ready-for-preprints. 
  14. ↑ "engrXiv Blog". https://blog.engrxiv.org/2016/07/announcement. 
  15. ↑ Baruch, Pierre (2007). "Open access developments in France: the HAL Open Archives System" (in en). Learned Publishing 20 (4): 267–282. doi:10.1087/095315107X239636. 
  16. ↑ INArxiv, (OSF). "INArxiv" (in en). https://osf.io/preprints/inarxiv/l. 
  17. ↑ Agency (JST), Japan Science and Technology. "JST Press Release#1551:Japan's first full-fledged preprint server Jxiv to be operational"" (in en). https://www.jst.go.jp/pr/info/info1551/index_e.html. 
  18. ↑ Lin, Jennifer. Preprints growth rate ten times higher than journal articles. doi:10.64000/j5z8g-wdw85. https://www.crossref.org/blog/preprints-growth-rate-ten-times-higher-than-journal-articles/. 
  19. ↑ Eysenbach, Gunther (2015). "Peer-Review 2.0: Welcome to JMIR Preprints, an Open Peer-Review Marketplace for Scholarly Manuscripts". JMIR Preprints (JMIR Publications) 1 (1): e1. https://preprints.jmir.org/2015/1/e1/. 
  20. ↑ Pantaleo, Patricio Iván (2025). "LatArXiv. Creación de un repositorio preprint y datos de investigación abierto para la comunidad latinoamericana". SciELO Preprints (Paideia Studio - Universidad Pablo de Olavide). doi:10.1590/SciELOPreprints.8124. https://preprints.scielo.org/index.php/scielo/preprint/view/8124. 
  21. ↑ Kaiser, Jocelyn (2019-06-05). "Medical preprint server debuts". Science. doi:10.1126/science.aay2933. ISSN 0036-8075. https://www.science.org/content/article/medical-preprint-server-debuts. 
  22. ↑ "Search Results | medRxiv" (in en). https://www.medrxiv.org/search/jcode:medrxiv%20numresults:10%20sort:relevance-rank%20format_result:standard. 
  23. ↑ "MetaArXiv". https://osf.io/preprints/metaarxiv/discover. 
  24. ↑ protohedgehog (2017-08-29). "paleorXiv is a free publishing platform for Paleontology" (in en-CA). http://fossilsandshit.com/paleorxiv-press-release/. 
  25. ↑ "PeerJ Preprints to stop accepting new preprints Sep 30th 2019 – PeerJ Blog". https://peerj.com/blog/post/115284881747/peerj-preprints-to-stop-accepting-new-preprints-sep-30-2019/. 
  26. ↑ "Preprints.org - The Multidisciplinary Preprint Platform". https://www.preprints.org/. 
  27. ↑ Rife, Sean (2016-09-19). "Introducing PsyArXiv: a preprint service for psychological science" (in en-US). http://blog.psyarxiv.com/2016/09/19/introducing-psyarxiv/. 
  28. ↑ "PsyArXiv". https://psyarxiv.com/discover. 
  29. ↑ Coy, Peter (2022-01-28). "Opinion | How to Disseminate Science Quickly" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/28/opinion/peer-review-research-studies.html. 
  30. ↑ "Browse Articles" (in en-US). https://www.researchsquare.com/browse. 
  31. ↑ "Socarxiv". https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/discover. 
  32. ↑ "What's arXiv spelled backwards? A new place to publish : News blog". http://blogs.nature.com/news/2009/07/whats_arxiv_spelled_backwards.html. 
  33. ↑ "AI Tools Recommendations, Week 20". 22 September 2024. https://www.inside.com.tw/article/32348-ai-tools-recommendations-week20. 
  34. ↑ "Synthical: Science, Simplified". https://synthical.com/?is_viewing=true. 



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