Medicine:Xg antigen system
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Short description: Blood group system
| Xg blood group | |
|---|---|
 Interpretation of antibody panel to detect patient antibodies towards the most relevant human blood group systems, including Xg. | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | XG |
| Alt. symbols | PBDX |
| NCBI gene | 7499 |
| HGNC | 12806 |
| RefSeq | NM_175569 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. X p22.32 |
The XG antigen is a red blood cell surface antigen discovered in 1962.[1] by researchers at the MRC Blood Group Unit.[2]
The PBDX gene that encodes the antigen is located on the short arm of the X chromosome.[3][4] Since males normally have one X chromosome they are considered hemizygotes. Since women have two copies of the gene and could be heterozygotic for the presence or absence of the functioning gene they could (through the process of lyonisation) express the functioning protein on just some of their red blood cells.[citation needed]
Frequency
| Population frequencies of Xa[5] | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | Sample N |
Xg % | ||||
| Australia | 352 | 79 | ||||
| China | 171 | 60 | ||||
| North Europeans | 5,388 | 66 | ||||
| India | 100 | 65 | ||||
| Israelis | 201 | 66 | ||||
| American Indians | 308 | 77 | ||||
| New-Guineans | 263 | 85 | ||||
| New York City | 219 | 55 | ||||
| Sardinians | 322 | 76 | ||||
| Taiwan Chinese | 178 | 53 | ||||
| Taiwan Aborigines | 164 | 38 | ||||
References
- ↑ "The Xg blood group system: a review". Transfus Med Rev 12 (4): 233–57. October 1998. doi:10.1016/S0887-7963(98)80001-1. PMID 9798268.
- ↑ Mann, J. D., Cahan, A., Gelb, A. G., Fisher, N., Hamper, J., Tippett, P., Sanger, R., Race, R. R A sex-linked blood group. Lancet. 1962;279:8.
- ↑ "PBDX is the XG blood group gene". Nat. Genet. 8 (3): 285–90. November 1994. doi:10.1038/ng1194-285. PMID 7533029.
- ↑ "Evidence that the Xg blood group genes are on the short arm of the X chromosome". Nature 197 (4868): 648–9. February 1963. doi:10.1038/197648a0. PMID 13930842. Bibcode: 1963Natur.197..648L.
- ↑ Harrison et al. (1977): Human biology – An introduction to human evolution, variation, growth and ecology. Oxford University Press, Oxford, ISBN:978-0-19-857165-0.
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