Astronomy:2046 Leningrad

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2046 Leningrad
Discovery [1]
Discovered byT. Smirnova
Discovery siteCrimean Astrophysical Obs.
Discovery date22 October 1968
Designations
(2046) Leningrad
Named afterSaint Petersburg
(Russian city)[2]
1968 UD1 · 1929 VK
1934 RK · 1940 UF
1955 HN · 1957 YV
1973 QS · 1973 SH3
Minor planet categorymain-belt · Themis[3]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc87.51 yr (31,964 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}3.7227 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2.5902 AU
3.1565 AU
Eccentricity0.1794
Orbital period5.61 yr (2,048 days)
Mean anomaly288.85°
Mean motion0° 10m 32.88s / day
Inclination2.7356°
Longitude of ascending node73.570°
284.26°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions23.55 km (calculated)[3]
23.968±0.292 km[4][5]
27.67±0.67 km[6]
Rotation period5.296±0.003 h[7]
Geometric albedo0.060±0.003[6]
0.08 (assumed)[3]
0.085±0.017[4][5]
C[3]
Absolute magnitude (H)11.15±0.23[8] · 11.4[4] · 11.5[1][3][6]


2046 Leningrad, provisional designation 1968 UD1, is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 24 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 October 1968, by Soviet astronomer Tamara Smirnova at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, on the Crimean peninsula.[9] The asteroid was named for the Soviet city of Leningrad (now St. Petersburg).[2]

Orbit and classification

Leningrad is a member of the Themis family, a dynamical family of carbonaceous asteroids with nearly coplanar ecliptical orbits, located in the outer-belt main. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.6–3.7 AU once every 5 years and 7 months (2,048 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

The body's observation arc begins 39 years prior to its official discovery observation, with a precovery taken at Lowell Observatory in October 1929. One week later, the asteroid was identified as 1929 VK at Lowell Observatory.[9]

Lightcurves

In August 2012, a rotational lightcurve of Leningrad was obtained from photometric observations by astronomers at the Oakley Southern Sky Observatory (E09). Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 5.296 hours with a brightness variation of 0.11 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[7]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Leningrad measures 23.968 and 27.67 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.060 and 0.085, respectively.[4][5][6]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for Themistian asteroids of 0.08 and calculates a diameter of 23.55 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.5.[3]

Naming

This minor planet was named for Saint Petersburg, the second largest city of Russia after Moscow. During the Soviet Union, the city was named "Leningrad" between 1924 and 1991. It was also called Petrograd during 1914–1924.[2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 April 1980 (M.P.C. 5282).[10]

References

  1. Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2046 Leningrad (1968 UD1)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002046. 
  2. Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2046) Leningrad". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2046) Leningrad. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 166. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2047. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. 
  3. Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "LCDB Data for (2046) Leningrad". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=2046%7CLeningrad. 
  4. Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D. et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 25. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Bibcode2011ApJ...741...90M. 
  5. Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 5.2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J. et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 20. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Bibcode2011ApJ...741...68M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M. Retrieved 29 June 2017. 
  6. Jump up to: 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode2011PASJ...63.1117U.  (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  7. Jump up to: 7.0 7.1 Simpson, Gary; Chong, Elena; Gerhardt, Michael; Gorsky, Sean; Klaasse, Matthew; Kodalen, Brian et al. (July 2013). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Oakley Southern Sky Observatory: 2012 August - October". The Minor Planet Bulletin 40 (3): 146–151. ISSN 1052-8091. Bibcode2013MPBu...40..146S. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2013MPBu...40..146S. Retrieved 29 June 2017. 
  8. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 29 June 2017. 
  9. Jump up to: 9.0 9.1 "2046 Leningrad (1968 UD1)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2046. 
  10. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html. 

External links