Astronomy:4045 Lowengrub
| Discovery [1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Indiana University (Indiana Asteroid Program) |
| Discovery site | Goethe Link Obs. |
| Discovery date | 9 September 1953 |
| Designations | |
| (4045) Lowengrub | |
| Named after | Morton Lowengrub [2] (American mathematician) |
| 1953 RG · 1948 VE 1953 RM · 1959 TT 1961 AJ | |
| Minor planet category | main-belt · (outer) [3] Alauda [4] |
| Orbital characteristics [1] | |
| Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 68.89 yr (25,163 days) |
| |{{{apsis}}}|helion}} | 3.5607 AU |
| |{{{apsis}}}|helion}} | 2.9011 AU |
| 3.2309 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.1021 |
| Orbital period | 5.81 yr (2,121 days) |
| Mean anomaly | 284.41° |
| Mean motion | 0° 10m 10.92s / day |
| Inclination | 21.328° |
| Longitude of ascending node | 224.29° |
| 245.47° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 29.61±0.64 km[5] 31.322±0.337 km[6] 32.369±0.319 km[7] 32.78 km (derived)[3] 37.07±1.16 km[8] |
| Rotation period | 9.764 h[9] |
| Geometric albedo | 0.051±0.007[8] 0.057 (assumed)[3] 0.0614±0.0103[6] 0.062±0.003[5] |
| C (assumed)[3] | |
| Absolute magnitude (H) | 11.00[8] · 11.17[3][6][9] · 11.2[1] · 11.30[5] |
4045 Lowengrub, provisional designation 1953 RG, is a dark Alauda asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 32 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 September 1953, by astronomers during the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory in Brooklyn, Indiana, United States.[10] The asteroid was named after American mathematician Morton Lowengrub, dean at Indiana University and one of the fathers of the WIYN Observatory.[2]
Orbit and classification
Lowengrub is a member of the Alauda family (902),[4] a large family of carbonaceous asteroids and named after its parent body, 702 Alauda.[11]:23
It orbits the Sun in the outermost main-belt at a distance of 2.9–3.6 AU once every 5 years and 10 months (2,121 days; semi-major axis of 3.23 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 21° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]
The body's observation arc begins with its first identification as 1948 VE at Uccle Observatory in November 1948, almost five years prior to its official discovery observation at Goethe.[10]
Physical characteristics
Lowengrub is an assumed C-type asteroid.[3]
Rotation period
A rotational lightcurve of Lowengrub was reported in 1996 and obtained from photometric observations by group of French astronomers in the early 1990s. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 9.764 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.40 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[9]
Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Lowengrub measures between 29.61 and 37.07 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.051 and 0.062.[5][6][7][8]
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and derives a diameter of 32.78 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.17.[3]
Naming
This minor planet was named after American mathematician Morton Lowengrub, dean, professor and administrator at Indiana University. The naming took place on the occasion of the completion of the WIYN Observatory with its 3.5-meter telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona. Lowengrub was instrumental for the planning and construction of the WIYN and was a charter member of the WIYN Board of Governors [2]
Lowengrub has authored several books on mathematics including "Crack problems in the classical theory of elasticity" (1969) together with Scottish mathematician Ian Sneddon. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 14 May 1995 (M.P.C. 25229).[12]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 4045 Lowengrub (1953 RG)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2004045.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(4045) Lowengrub". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 345. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_4025. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "LCDB Data for (4045) Lowengrub". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=4045%7CLowengrub.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Asteroid 4045 Lowengrub – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=4045+Lowengrub#Asteroid%204045%20LowengrubEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D. et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 25. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...90M.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J. et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 20. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...68M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C. et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 (1): 5. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Bibcode: 2012ApJ...759L...8M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Angeli, C. A.; Barucci, M. A. (March 1996). "CCD observations: rotational properties of 13 small asteroids". Planetary and Space Science 44 (3): 181–186. doi:10.1016/0032-0633(95)00124-7. Bibcode: 1996P&SS...44..181A. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1996P&SS...44..181A. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "((4045 Lowengrub (1953 RG)))". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=4045.
- ↑ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 978-0-8165-3213-1. Bibcode: 2015aste.book..297N.
- ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html.
External links
- Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
- Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
- Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
- Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
- 4045 Lowengrub at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- 4045 Lowengrub at the JPL Small-Body Database
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