Software:Trisquel

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Short description: Linux distribution based on Ubuntu
Trisquel GNU/Linux
Logo-Trisquel.svg
Trisquel 11.0.png
Trisquel 11.0 desktop
DeveloperThe Trisquel Project[1] and Sognus, S.L.U.
OS familyLinux (Unix-like)
Working stateCurrent[2]
Initial releaseJanuary 30, 2007; 17 years ago (2007-01-30)[3]
|Final release|Latest release}}11.0[4] / March 19, 2023; 19 months ago (2023-03-19)
Marketing targetHome users, small enterprises and educational centers[1]
Update methodLong-term support
Package managerAPT, Synaptic (GTK+ frontend), dpkg
Platformsamd64 and i386
Kernel typeMonolithic (Linux-libre[5])
UserlandGNU
Default user interface
Official websitetrisquel.info

Trisquel (full name Trisquel GNU/Linux) is a computer operating system, a Linux distribution, derived from another distribution, Ubuntu.[6] The project aims for a fully free software system without proprietary software or firmware and uses a version of Ubuntu's modified kernel, with the non-free code (binary blobs) removed.[7] Trisquel relies on user donations.[8] Its logo is a triskelion, a Celtic symbol.[9] Trisquel is listed by the Free Software Foundation as a distribution that contains only free software.[10]

Overview

Four basic versions are available.

Trisquel

The standard Trisquel distribution includes the MATE desktop environment and graphical user interface (GUI), and English, Spanish and 48 other localizations, 50 in total, on a 2.6 GB live DVD image. Other translations can be downloaded if an internet connection is present during installation.[11]

Trisquel Mini

Trisquel Mini is an alternative to mainline Trisquel, designed to run well on netbooks and older hardware. It uses the low-resource environment LXDE and lightweight GTK+ and X Window System alternatives to GNOME and Qt-KDE applications.[12] The LXDE desktop only includes English and Spanish localizations, and can install from a 1.2 GB live DVD image.[citation needed]

Triskel

Triskel is another alternative to mainline Trisquel using the KDE graphical interface, available as a 2.0 GB ISO DVD live image.[13]

Trisquel Sugar TOAST

Sugar is a free and open source desktop environment designed with the goal of being used by children for interactive learning. Sugar replaces the standard MATE desktop environment available with Trisquel.[14]

Trisquel NetInstall

NetInstall consists of a 25MB CD iso image with just the minimal amount of software to start the installation via a text based network installer and fetch the remaining packages over the Internet.[14]

Internationalization

The full installation includes 51 languages (Albanian, Arabic, Aranese, Asturian, Basque, Bulgarian, Catalan, Central Khmer, Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Esperanto, Estonian, Finnish, French, Galician, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Latvian, Lithuanian, Low German, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, Occitan, Punjabi, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Tamil, Thai, Turkish, Valencian and Vietnamese) pre-installed in a downloadable 1.2-gigabyte DVD image.[15]

Source code

Source code for the full Trisquel 11 installation is also available in a downloadable of about 8.8 or 9.4-gigabyte tar file.[16]

The source code can also be obtained with a torrent file.[17]

History

The project began in 2004 with sponsorship of the University of Vigo for Galician language support in education software and was officially presented in April 2005 with Richard Stallman, founder of the GNU Project, as a special guest.[18] According to project director Rubén Rodríguez, the support for Galician has created interest in South American and Mexican communities of emigrants from the Province of Ourense.[19]

By December 2008, Trisquel was included by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) in its list of Linux distributions endorsed by the Free Software Foundation.[20]

Release history

{{{2}}}

Version Code name Release date Supported until Kernel Desktop environment Based on
1.0 Arianrhod 2007-01-30[3] N/A Linux 2.6.18.6 GNOME 2.14 Debian 4.0 (Etch)
2.0 LTS Robur 2008-07-24[21] 2014-03-02[22][23] Linux 2.6.24 GNOME 2.22 Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron)
3.0 STS Dwyn 2009-09-08[24] 2011-05-11[22][25] Linux-libre 2.6.28 GNOME 2.26 Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope)
3.5 STS Awen 2010-03-22[26] 2011-07-14[22][27] Linux-libre 2.6.31 GNOME 2.28 Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)
4.0 LTS Taranis 2010-09-18[28] 2015[29] Linux-libre 2.6.32 GNOME 2.30 Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx)
4.5 STS Slaine 2011-03-24[30] 2012-09-15[22][31] Linux-libre 2.6.35 GNOME 2.32 Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)
5.0 STS Dagda 2011-09-17[32] 2014-03-02[22][23] Linux-libre 2.6.38 GNOME 2.32 Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal)
5.5 STS Brigantia 2012-04-16[33] 2014-03-02[22][23] Linux-libre 3.0 GNOME 3.2 Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot)
6.0 LTS Toutatis 2013-03-09[34] 2017[34] Linux-libre 3.2 GNOME 3.4 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin)
7.0 LTS Belenos 2014-11-03[35] 2019[35] Linux-libre 3.13 GNOME 3.12 Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr)
8.0 LTS Flidas[36] 2018-04-18 2021[37] Linux-libre 4.4 MATE 1.12 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus)
9.0 LTS Etiona[38] 2020-10-16[13] 2023-04[39] Linux-libre 4.15 MATE 1.20 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver)
10.0 LTS Nabia[40] 2022-02-01[41] 2025[41] Linux-libre 5.4 MATE 1.24 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)
11.0 LTS Aramo[42] 2023-03-19[43] 2027[43] Linux-libre 5.15[44] MATE 1.26 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)

The releases that use GNOME 3.x use GNOME Classic/Flashback, rather than the default GNOME Shell. All Trisquel releases starting with version 6 are only based on Ubuntu LTS releases.[45]

Current versions include this common software:

  • Abrowser, a rebranded version of Firefox that never suggests non-free add-ons, and includes no trademarked art or names. It features privacy enhancing modifications such as not starting network connections on its own.[46] It is rebranded because the Mozilla Trademark Policy forbids modifications that include their trademark without consent.[47]

Prior editions:

Trisquel LTSP classroom server, managed via iTALC.
  • Trisquel Pro was business-oriented and small. It was part of the Trisquel 2.0 LTS Robur (2008), but no other release followed.[49]
  • Trisquel Edu was education-oriented, for schools and universities. Like Trisquel Pro, no other release followed Trisquel 2.0 Robur (2008).[50]
  • Trisquel on Sugar was education-oriented, based on the Sugar desktop environment for interactive learning for children. It was released at the same time as Trisquel 7.
  • Trisquel Gamer was an independent edition maintained by David Zaragoza. It included 55 free software games and could boot from a live DVD or USB drive. It was released with Trisquel 3.5 (2010), which is no longer supported.[51]

Reception

Trisquel 6 Desktop running GNOME Fallback Mode

Jesse Smith of DistroWatch reviewed the 4.0 release, Taranis, and described it as refined and dependable. He portrayed difficulty with removing software as his main problem with the release. He complimented it as an operating system that showcased utility instead of mere compliance with free software criteria.[6]

Jesse Smith also reviewed Trisquel 7.0 in 2014, writing "Whenever I boot up Trisquel I find myself wondering whether the free software only distribution will be able to hold its own when it comes to hardware drivers, multimedia support and productivity software. The answer I came to when running Trisquel 7.0 is that, yes, the distribution appears to be nearly as capable as operating systems that do not stick to the FSF's definition of free software. Some people who use hardware that requires binary blobs or non-free drivers may face problems and Flash support isn't perfect when using the free Gnash player, but otherwise Trisquel appears to be every bit as functional as other mainstream Linux distributions. The software Trisquel ships with appears to be stable, functional and user friendly. The distribution is easy to install, I found it pleasant to use and I didn't encounter any problems. People who value or wish to promote free software should definitely try running Trisquel, it's an excellent example of what can be accomplished with free software."[52]

Jim Lynch of Desktop Linux Reviews reviewed the 5.5 release, Brigantia, and described it as "well-ordered and well developed" and recommended it to users whether they care about only using free software or not. Lynch stated that the release was suitable for beginners and advanced users.[53]

Chris Fisher and Matt Hartley of The Linux Action Show! praised the design, ease of use, and hardware support of Trisquel 5.5 and Trisquel 5.5 Mini, but found that the Linux-libre kernel found in Trisquel impedes functionality of proprietary wireless devices. They argued that the distribution was targeting power users and that new users should use a different distribution.[54]

Richard Stallman announced in January 2015 that he is using Trisquel on a Thinkpad X60 instead of his former computer the Lemote Yeeloong.[55]

Hardware

IA-32 and x86-64 CPU architectures were supported since Trisquel 5.5, which includes free software compatible chipsets.[56] However, IA-32 support was dropped with the release of Trisquel 10.[57] Support for 32-bit ARM processors with a floating point unit (armhf) was added in the same release. 64-bit ARM and POWER support was added in Trisquel 11.0.[58]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Trisquel GNU/Linux - Run free!". trisquel.info. https://trisquel.info/. 
  2. ↑ "Download - Trisquel GNU/Linux - Run free!". trisquel.info. https://trisquel.info/en/download. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 The Trisquel Project (30 January 2007). "Publicación de Trisguel 1.0". trisquel.uvigo.es. http://trisquel.uvigo.es/gl/node/289. 
  4. ↑ ""Trisquel 11.0 LTS Aramo"". https://trisquel.info/en/download. 
  5. ↑ "Documentation | Trisquel GNU/Linux - Run free!". https://trisquel.info/en/wiki/documentation. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Smith, Jesse (October 4, 2010). "Trisquel GNU/Linux - a free distribution". DistroWatch. http://distrowatch.com/weekly.php?issue=20101004#feature. 
  7. ↑ "How Trisquel is Made". Trisquel.info. https://trisquel.info/en/wiki/how-trisquel-made. 
  8. ↑ "Siete factores antes de usar 'software'" (in es). El Comercio. April 14, 2012. http://www.elcomercio.com/tecnologia/factores-usar-software_0_682131910.html. 
  9. ↑ "How is "Trisquel" pronounced?". The Trisquel Project. http://trisquel.info/en/how-trisquel-pronounced. 
  10. ↑ "List of Free GNU/Linux Distributions". https://www.gnu.org/distros/free-distros.html. 
  11. ↑ "Download Trisquel GNU/Linux - Run free!". https://trisquel.info/en/download. 
  12. ↑ "Trisquel Mini". The Trisquel Project. http://trisquel.info/en/wiki/trisquel-mini. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Release announcement: Trisquel 9.0.1 Etiona security update | Trisquel GNU/Linux - Run free!". https://trisquel.info/en/release-announcement-trisquel-901-etiona-security-update. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Editions | Trisquel GNU/Linux - Run free!". https://trisquel.info/en/wiki/editions-0. 
  15. ↑ "Which languages is Trisquel available in? | Trisquel GNU/Linux - Run free!". https://trisquel.info/en/which-languages-trisquel-available. 
  16. ↑ "trisquel_11.0_sources.tar". 11 December 2023. https://cdimage.trisquel.info/trisquel-images/trisquel_11.0_sources.tar. 
  17. ↑ "trisquel_11.0_sources.tar.torrent". 11 December 2023. https://cdimage.trisquel.info/trisquel-images/trisquel_11.0_sources.tar.torrent. 
  18. ↑ "Richard Stallman, defensor del software libre, sorprendió a los universitarios" (in es). La Voz de Galicia. April 28, 2005. http://www.lavozdegalicia.es/hemeroteca/2005/04/28/3679855.shtml. 
  19. ↑ García, Ana (May 17, 2007). "Software libre da terra, compartindo cultura" (in gl). El Progreso. http://elprogreso.galiciae.com/noticia/14711/software-libre-da-terra-compartindo-cultura. 
  20. ↑ "Free GNU/Linux distributions". Free Software Foundation. https://www.gnu.org/distros/free-distros.html. 
  21. ↑ "Proxecto Trisquel" (in gl). July 24, 2008. http://trisquel.uvigo.es/. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 "Index of /trisquel/dists". http://oldarchive.trisquel.info/trisquel/dists/. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 "[Trisquel-announce [Trisquel-devel] Robur, Dagda and Brigantia moved to oldarchive"]. March 2, 2014. http://listas.trisquel.info/pipermail/trisquel-announce/2014-March/000016.html. 
  24. ↑ "Trisquel 3.0 STS "Dwyn" has landed!". The Trisquel Project. September 8, 2009. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-3.0-sts-dwyn-ready. 
  25. ↑ "[Trisquel-announce Trisquel 3.0 STS Dwyn reaches end of life, 3.5 soon to follow"]. May 11, 2011. http://listas.trisquel.info/pipermail/trisquel-announce/2011-May/000007.html. 
  26. ↑ "Trisquel 3.5 Awen release announcement". The Trisquel Project. March 22, 2010. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-35-awen-release-announcement. 
  27. ↑ "[Trisquel-devel Trisquel 5.0 development repository up, 3.5 reaches end of life"]. July 15, 2011. http://listas.trisquel.info/pipermail/trisquel-devel/2011-July/000492.html. 
  28. ↑ "Trisquel 4.0 LTS "Taranis" strikes!". The Trisquel Project. September 18, 2010. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-40-lts-taranis-strikes. 
  29. ↑ "Versions". https://trisquel.info/en/wiki/versions. 
  30. ↑ "Trisquel 4.5 "Slaine" released". The Trisquel Project. March 24, 2011. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-45-slaine-released. 
  31. ↑ "[Trisquel-announce Trisquel 4.5 Slaine reached end of life"]. September 15, 2012. http://listas.trisquel.info/pipermail/trisquel-announce/2012-September/000013.html. 
  32. ↑ "Trisquel 5.0 Release announcement". The Trisquel Project. September 17, 2011. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-50-release-announcement. 
  33. ↑ "Trisquel 5.5 STS Brigantia release announcement". The Trisquel Project. April 16, 2012. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-55-sts-brigantia-release-announcement. 
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 "Trisquel 6.0 LTS "Toutatis" has arrived!". The Trisquel Project. March 9, 2013. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-60-lts-toutatis-has-arrived. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 "Trisquel 7.0 LTS Belenos". The Trisquel Project. November 3, 2014. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-70-lts-belenos. 
  36. ↑ "Update config file for next Trisquel release". Trisquel at Gitlab. February 22, 2016. https://devel.trisquel.info/trisquel/package-helpers/commit/597aa87a0ca4fb4f1ee72e63fd00c12a96fe03f6. 
  37. ↑ "Trisquel 8.0 LTS Flidas". 2018-04-18. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-80-lts-flidas. 
  38. ↑ "Trisquel 9.0 development plans". April 18, 2018. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-90-development-plans. 
  39. ↑ "Release announcement: Trisquel 9.0.1 Etiona security update". 2023-09-15. https://trisquel.info/en/release-announcement-trisquel-901-etiona-security-update. 
  40. ↑ "Trisquel 10 name". 4 December 2020. https://trisquel.info/en/forum/trisquel-10-name#comment-154173. 
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 "Trisquel 10.0 Nabia release announcement". 1 February 2022. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-10-nabia-release-announcement. 
  42. ↑ "Trisquel 11 Needs A Name". 1 February 2022. https://trisquel.info/en/forum/trisquel-11-needs-name#comment-165623. 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 "Trisquel 11.0 Aramo release announcement". 19 March 2023. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-110-aramo-release-announcement. 
  44. ↑ Trisquel. "Aramo". trisquel.info. https://trisquel.info/en/wiki/aramo. 
  45. ↑ "2013-03-05 Meeting". Trisquel. March 5, 2013. https://trisquel.info/en/wiki/2013-03-05-meeting. 
  46. ↑ "Trisquel 8.0 LTS Flidas". Trisquel. April 4, 2018. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-80-lts-flidas. 
  47. ↑ "Mozilla Trademark Policy". Mozilla. October 30, 2009. https://www.mozilla.org/foundation/trademarks/policy.html. 
  48. ↑ Baader, Hans-Joachim (September 20, 2011). "Trisquel 5.0 veröffentlicht" (in de). Pro-Linux. http://www.pro-linux.de/news/1/17514/trisquel-50-veroeffentlicht.html. 
  49. ↑ "Trisquel Pro". The Trisquel Project. https://trisquel.info/en/wiki/trisquel-pro. 
  50. ↑ "Trisquel Edu". The Trisquel Project. http://trisquel.info/en/wiki/trisquel-edu-0. 
  51. ↑ Zaragoza, David. "Trisquel Gamer". The Trisquel Project. http://trisquel.info/en/wiki/trisquel-gamer. 
  52. ↑ "DistroWatch.com: Put the fun back into computing. Use Linux, BSD.". https://distrowatch.com/weekly.php?issue=20141201#trisquel. 
  53. ↑ Lynch, Jim (April 24, 2012). "Trisquel 5.5". Desktop Linux Reviews. http://desktoplinuxreviews.com/2012/04/24/trisquel-5-5/all/1/. 
  54. ↑ Fisher, Chris; Hartley, Matt (September 2, 2012). "Trisquel GNU/Linux Review - LAS - s23e05". Jupiter Broadcasting. http://www.jupiterbroadcasting.com/23996/trisquel-gnulinux-review-las-s23e05/. 
  55. ↑ Stallman, Richard. "Richard Stallman's personal site - How I do my computing". https://www.stallman.org/stallman-computing.html. 
  56. ↑ "ThinkPenguin". trisquel.info. http://trisquel.info/en/wiki/thinkpenguin. 
  57. ↑ "Trisquel 10.0 Nabia release announcement". trisquel.info. https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-10-nabia-release-announcement. 
  58. ↑ "Trisquel 11.0 "Aramo" release announcement". https://trisquel.info/en/trisquel-110-aramo-release-announcement. 

External links



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