Biology:VHS protein domain
| VHS | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 crystal structure of the vhs and fyve tandem domains of hrs, a protein involved in membrane trafficking and signal transduction | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | VHS | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF00790 | ||||||||
| Pfam clan | CL0009 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR002014 | ||||||||
| SMART | VHS | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1elk / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
| |||||||||
In molecular biology, the VHS protein domain is approximately 140 residues long. Its name is an acronym derived from its occurrence in VPS-27, Hrs and STAM. It is a domain commonly found in the N-terminus of many proteins.[1]
Function
VHS domains are thought to be very important in vesicular trafficking, in particular, aiding membrane targeting and cargo recognition role.[1]
Structure
Resolution of the crystal structure of the VHS domain of Drosophila Hrs and human TOM1 revealed that it consists of eight helices arranged in a double-layer superhelix.[2] The existence of conserved patches of residues on the domain surface suggests that VHS domains may be involved in protein-protein recognition and docking. Overall, sequence similarity is low (approx 25%) amongst domain family members.
Classification
Based on regions surrounding the domain, VHS-proteins can be divided into 4 groups:[1]
- STAM/EAST/STAM2(Hbp) which all share the domain composition VHS-SH3-ITAM and carry one or two ubiquitin-interacting motifs
- Proteins with a FYVE domain (INTERPRO) C-terminal to VHS which also carry one or two ubiquitin-interacting motifs
- GGA proteins with a domain composition VHS-GAT (GGA and Tom1) homology domain
- VHS domain alone or in combination with domains other than those listed above
The VHS domain is always found at the N-terminus of proteins suggesting that such topology is important for function. The domain is considered to have a general membrane targeting/cargo recognition role in vesicular trafficking.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "VHS domain -- a longshoreman of vesicle lines.". FEBS Lett 513 (1): 19–23. 2002. doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(01)03287-2. PMID 11911875.
- ↑ "Crystal structure of the VHS and FYVE tandem domains of Hrs, a protein involved in membrane trafficking and signal transduction". Cell 100 (4): 447–56. February 2000. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80680-7. PMID 10693761.
- ↑ "Structure of the VHS domain of human Tom1 (target of myb 1): insights into interactions with proteins and membranes". Biochemistry 39 (37): 11282–90. September 2000. doi:10.1021/bi0013546. PMID 10985773.
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