Astronomy:1056 Azalea

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1056 Azalea
1056Azalea (Lightcurve Inversion).png
Light curve-based 3D-model of 1056 Azalea
Discovery[1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date31 January 1924
Designations
(1056) Azalea
Pronunciation/əˈzeɪliə/[5]
Named afterAzalea (flower)[2]
1924 QD · 1925 NA
1929 WX
Minor planet categorymain-belt · (inner)
Flora[3][4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc93.24 yr (34,057 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2.6277 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}1.8321 AU
2.2299 AU
Eccentricity0.1784
Orbital period3.33 yr (1,216 days)
Mean anomaly226.32°
Mean motion0° 17m 45.6s / day
Inclination5.4267°
Longitude of ascending node104.17°
212.39°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions10.66±1.99 km[6]
11.76±0.54 km[7]
11.869±0.136 km[8]
12.40 km (calculated)[3]
12.984±0.069 km[9]
13.07±0.64 km[10]
Rotation period15.0276 h[11]
15.03±0.05 h[12]
15.15±0.03 h[13]
Geometric albedo0.223±0.024[10]
0.24 (assumed)[3]
0.2457±0.0401[9]
0.292±0.040[7]
0.34±0.16[6]
SMASS = S[1] · S[3]
Absolute magnitude (H)11.60[7][9] · 11.70[1][3][10] · 11.73±0.28[14] · 11.83[6]


1056 Azalea, provisional designation 1924 QD, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 31 January 1924, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany.[15] The asteroid is named after the Azalea flower.[2]

Orbit and classification

Azalea is a member of the Flora family (402), a giant asteroid family and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main belt.[3][4][16]:23 It orbits the Sun in the inner main belt at a distance of 1.8–2.6 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,216 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in April 1928, more than 4 years after its official discovery observation.[15]

Physical characteristics

In the SMASS classification, Azalea is a common stony S-type asteroid.[1]

Rotation period

In 2004, two rotational lightcurves of Azalea were obtained from photometric observations by a group of predominately Polish astronomers including Agnieszka Kryszczyńska, as well as by astronomers Alain Klotz and Raoul Behrend. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 15.03 and 15.15 hours with a high brightness variation of 0.70 and 0.79 magnitude, respectively ({{{1}}}).[12][13] The high brightness amplitude is typically indicative for a non-spheroidal shape.

Spin axis

In 2013, an international study modeled a lightcurve with a concurring period of 15.0276 hours and found two spin axis of (252.0°, 51.0°) and (64.0°, 41.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β) ({{{1}}}).[11]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Azalea measures between 10.66 and 13.07 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.223 and 0.34.[6][7][8][9][10]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the largest member and namesake of the Flora family – and calculates a diameter of 12.40 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.7.[3]

Naming

This minor planet was named after the genus of flowering shrubs, Azalea, which are rhododendrons with funnel-shaped corollas.[2] The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 100).[2]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1056 Azalea (1924 QD)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001056. Retrieved 30 August 2017. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1056) Azalea". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1057. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "LCDB Data for (1056) Azalea". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1056%7CAzalea. Retrieved 30 August 2017. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Asteroid 1056 Azalea – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1056+Azalea#Asteroid%201056%20AzaleaEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0. Retrieved 30 October 2019. 
  5. ↑ azalea (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, September 2005, http://oed.com/search?searchType=dictionary&q=azalea  (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T. et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal 152 (3): 12. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Bibcode: 2016AJ....152...63N. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C. et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 (1): 5. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Bibcode: 2012ApJ...759L...8M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M. Retrieved 30 August 2017. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R. et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 791 (2): 11. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...791..121M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014ApJ...791..121M. Retrieved 30 August 2017. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D. et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 25. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...90M. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U.  (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Hanus, J.; Broz, M.; Durech, J.; Warner, B. D.; Brinsfield, J.; Durkee, R. et al. (November 2013). "An anisotropic distribution of spin vectors in asteroid families". Astronomy and Astrophysics 559: 19. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321993. Bibcode: 2013A&A...559A.134H. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2013A&A...559A.134H. Retrieved 30 August 2017. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Kryszczynska, A.; Colas, F.; Polinska, M.; Hirsch, R.; Ivanova, V.; Apostolovska, G. et al. (October 2012). "Do Slivan states exist in the Flora family?. I. Photometric survey of the Flora region". Astronomy and Astrophysics 546: 51. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219199. Bibcode: 2012A&A...546A..72K. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1056) Azalea". Geneva Observatory. http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page3cou.html#001056. Retrieved 30 August 2017. 
  14. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode: 2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 30 August 2017. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "1056 Azalea (1924 QD)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1056. Retrieved 30 August 2017. 
  16. ↑ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131. Bibcode: 2015aste.book..297N. 

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