Astronomy:1392 Pierre

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1392 Pierre
Discovery[1]
Discovered byL. Boyer
Discovery siteAlgiers Obs.
Discovery date16 March 1936
Designations
(1392) Pierre
Named afterPierre[2] (discoverer's nephew)
1936 FO · 1938 SZ
1955 TZ · 1959 SH
A917 UB
Minor planet categorymain-belt[1][3] · (middle)
Eunomia[4][5] · background[6]
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc81.30 yr (29,695 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}3.1355 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2.0788 AU
2.6071 AU
Eccentricity0.2026
Orbital period4.21 yr (1,538 days)
Mean anomaly244.35°
Mean motion0° 14m 2.76s / day
Inclination12.263°
Longitude of ascending node358.24°
44.290°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter26.16±0.34 km[7]
26.44±1.6 km[5][8]
27.02±5.29 km[9]
28.94±8.81 km[10]
Rotation period18 h[11]
Geometric albedo0.04±0.01[9]
0.04±0.02[10]
0.0519±0.007[5][8]
0.054±0.002[7]
Tholen = DX[3][5] · C[12]
B–V = 0.757[3]
U–B = 0.258[3]
Absolute magnitude (H)11.72[3][5][7][8][10]
11.9[1]


1392 Pierre, provisional designation 1936 FO, is a dark, dynamical Eunomian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers (16 mi) in diameter. It was discovered on 16 March 1936, by astronomer Louis Boyer at the Algiers Observatory in Algeria, North Africa.[1] The asteroid was named after the discoverer's nephew, Pierre.[2]

Orbit and classification

Pierre is a dynamical member of the Eunomia family (502), a prominent family of stony asteroids and the largest one in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 members.[4][5] Pierre's spectral type is different from that of the Eunomia family (see below) and possibly an interloper rather than a true family member. When applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements, Pierre is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population.[6]

It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,538 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] The asteroid was first observed as A917 UB at Simeiz Observatory in October 1917. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Algiers in March 1936.[1]

Naming

This minor planet was named after Pierre, a nephew of the discoverer Louis Boyer. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 126).[2]

Physical characteristics

Pierre has been characterized as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS photometric survey.[12] In the Tholen classification, the asteroid's spectral type is ambiguous, closest to a dark D-type and somewhat similar to a generic X-type asteroid.[3] Conversely, the Eunomia family consists of S-type asteroids.[13]:23

Rotation period

In August 1984, a first rotational lightcurve of Pierre was obtained from photometric observations with the ESO 1-metre telescope at the La Silla Observatory in Chile. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 18 hours with a brightness variation of 0.09 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[11] A poorly rated lightcurve by Pierre Antonini in Januar 2007, gave a period of 24 hours with an amplitude of 0.05 magnitude.[14]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Pierre measures between 26.16 and 28.94 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.04 and 0.054.[7][8][9][10] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0519 and a diameter of 26.44 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.72.[5][8]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "1392 Pierre (1936 FO)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1392. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1392) Pierre". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 112. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1393. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1392 Pierre (1936 FO)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001392. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Asteroid 1392 Pierre – Asteroid Dynamical Families V4.1". Small Bodies Data Ferret. https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1392#Asteroid%201392%20PierreEAR-A-5-DDR-FAMILY-V4.1. Retrieved 29 October 2019. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 "LCDB Data for (1392) Pierre". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1392%7CPierre. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Asteroid 1392 Pierre – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=1392. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U.  (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode: 2004PDSS...12.....T. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab. Retrieved 22 October 2019. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T. et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal 152 (3): 12. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Bibcode: 2016AJ....152...63N. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T. et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 814 (2): 13. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...814..117N. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Barucci, M. A.; di Martino, M.; Fulchignoni, M. (May 1992). "Rotational properties of small asteroids - Photoelectric observations". Astronomical Journal 103: 1679–1686. doi:10.1086/116185. ISSN 0004-6256. Bibcode: 1992AJ....103.1679B. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1992AJ....103.1679B. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode: 2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  13. ↑ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131. Bibcode: 2015aste.book..297N. 
  14. ↑ Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1392) Pierre". Geneva Observatory. http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001392. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 

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