Astronomy:2065 Spicer
| Discovery [1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Indiana University (Indiana Asteroid Program) |
| Discovery site | Goethe Link Obs. |
| Discovery date | 9 September 1959 |
| Designations | |
| (2065) Spicer | |
| Named after | Edward H. Spicer (American anthropologist)[2] |
| 1959 RN · 1952 BS1 1955 XC · 1968 QX 1973 YR2 | |
| Minor planet category | main-belt · (middle) [3] |
| Orbital characteristics [1] | |
| Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 60.34 yr (22,038 days) |
| |{{{apsis}}}|helion}} | 3.3313 AU |
| |{{{apsis}}}|helion}} | 2.0659 AU |
| 2.6986 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.2345 |
| Orbital period | 4.43 yr (1,619 days) |
| Mean anomaly | 350.70° |
| Mean motion | 0° 13m 20.28s / day |
| Inclination | 6.4348° |
| Longitude of ascending node | 328.09° |
| 66.381° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 16.721±0.088 km[4][5] 18.43 km (calculated)[3] |
| Rotation period | 18.165±0.005 h[6][lower-alpha 1] |
| Geometric albedo | 0.057 (assumed)[3] 0.062±0.007[4][5] |
| SMASS = Xc [1] · P [4] · X [3] | |
| Absolute magnitude (H) | 12.03±0.23[7] · 12.2[4] · 12.4[1][3] |
2065 Spicer, provisional designation 1959 RN, is a dark and eccentric asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers in diameter.
The asteroid was discovered on 9 September 1959, by the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn, Indiana, United States, and named after American anthropologist Edward H. Spicer.[2][8]
Orbit and classification
Spicer orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,619 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.23 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]
Physical characteristics
Spicer's spectra is that of an X-type and Xc-type in SMASS classification scheme, which indicates a transitional stage to the carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[1] It has also been characterized as a P-type asteroid by the NEOWISE mission.[4]
Photometry
In January 2005, photometric measurements of Spicer made by American astronomer Brian Warner at the Palmer Divide Observatory (716) gave a lightcurve with a well-defined rotation period of 18.165±0.005 hours and a brightness variation of 1.0±0.03 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[6][lower-alpha 1]
Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Spicer measures 16.721 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.062,[4][5] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 18.43 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.4.[3]
Naming
This minor planet was named after American anthropologist Edward H. Spicer (1906–1983), professor at the University of Arizona, and a former president of the American Anthropological Association.[2]
In 1955, Spicer's negotiations with the local district and tribal councils were instrumental for receiving permission to evaluate the location where the Kitt Peak National Observatory was later built.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 26 May 1983 (M.P.C. 7944).[9]
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lightcurve plot of 2065 Spicer from the Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2005)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2065 Spicer (1959 RN)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002065.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2065) Spicer". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2065) Spicer. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 167. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2066. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "LCDB Data for (2065) Spicer". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=2065%7CSpicer.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D. et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 25. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...90M.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J. et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 20. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...68M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Warner, Brian D. (September 2005). "Asteroid lightcurve analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory - winter 2004-2005". The Minor Planet Bulletin 32 (3): 54–58. ISSN 1052-8091. Bibcode: 2005MPBu...32...54W. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2005MPBu...32...54W. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode: 2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- ↑ "2065 Spicer (1959 RN)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2065.
- ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html.
External links
- The Palmer Divide Observatory: Tour given by Brian Warner on YouTube (time 4:03 min.)
- Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
- Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
- Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
- 2065 Spicer at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- 2065 Spicer at the JPL Small-Body Database
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