Astronomy:3199 Nefertiti

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3199 Nefertiti
Discovery [1]
Discovered byC. Shoemaker
E. Shoemaker
Discovery sitePalomar Obs.
Discovery date13 September 1982
Designations
(3199) Nefertiti
Pronunciation/nɛfərˈtiːti/ nef-ər-TEE-tee
Named afterNefertiti (Egyptian queen)[2]
1982 RA
Minor planet categoryAmor · NEO [1][3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc34.71 yr (12,678 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2.0219 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}1.1272 AU
1.5745 AU
Eccentricity0.2841
Orbital period1.98 yr (722 days)
Mean anomaly221.90°
Mean motion0° 29m 56.04s / day
Inclination32.962°
Longitude of ascending node340.01°
53.411°
Earth MOID0.2157 AU · 84 LD
Physical characteristics
Dimensions2.18 km (derived)[4]
2.2 km (Gehrels)[1]
Rotation period2.82 h[5]
3.01 h[6]
3.020167 h[7]
3.021 h[8]
3.021±0.002 h[9]
Geometric albedo0.326 (derived)[4]
0.42 (Gehrels)[1]
B–V = 0.895[1]
U–B = 0.418[1]
S (Tholen), [1] · Sq (SMASS) [1] · K [10] · Q [11] · S [12][4]
Absolute magnitude (H)14.00[12] · 14.84[1] · 15.02[5] · 15.12±0.50[11] · 15.13[8] · 15.14[4][6]


3199 Nefertiti (/nɛfərˈtiːti/ nef-ər-TEE-tee), provisional designation 1982 RA, is a rare-type asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Amor group of asteroids, approximately 2.2 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 13 September 1982, by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at Palomar Observatory, California, United States.[3]

Orbit and classification

Nefertiti orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.1–2.0 AU once every 1 years and 12 months (722 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.28 and an inclination of 33° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

It has an Earth minimum orbital intersection distance of 0.2157 AU (32,300,000 km), or 84 lunar distances. As no precoveries were taken, and no prior identifications were made, the body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Palomar in 1982.[3]

Physical characteristics

Spectral type

In the Tholen and SMASS taxonomy, Nefertiti is a stony S-type and transitional Sq-type, respectively. In addition, its spectral type is also that of a bright and rare K and Q type, according to Spitzer and PanSTARRS.[10][11] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.326 and a diameter of 2.18 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 15.14.[4]

Rotation period

Several rotational lightcurves of Nefertiti have been obtained from photometric observations. In descending order of quality, rotation periods were derived by Czech astronomer Petr Pravec in the 1990s (3.021 hours; Δ0.30 mag; {{{1}}}),[8] at the Italian Padova and Catania observatories in February 2003 (3.021 hours; Δ0.19 mag; {{{1}}}),[9] by Polish astronomer Wiesław Z. Wiśniewski in the 1980s (2.82 hours; Δ0.12 mag; {{{1}}}),[5] by Finnish physicist Mikko Kaasalainen (3.020167 hours; Δmag n.a.; {{{1}}}),[7] and by Harris at JPL/Caltech in the 1980s (3.01 hours; Δ0.1 mag; {{{1}}}).[6]

Naming

This minor planet was named for the ancient Egyptian queen Nefertiti (ca. 1370–1330 BC), mother-in-law of pharaoh Tutankhamun and Chief King's Wife of Akhenaten of the 18th dynasty. Nefertiti and her "heretic" husband are believed to be responsible for a religious revolution, creating a new monotheistic religion, in which they only worshiped the sun disc god Aten.[2] Another minor planet, 1068 Nofretete is also named for her, using a different spelling. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 27 December 1985 (M.P.C. 10311).[13]

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 3199 Nefertiti (1982 RA)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2003199. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(3199) Nefertiti". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (3199) Nefertiti. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 265. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_3200. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "3199 Nefertiti (1982 RA)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=3199. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "LCDB Data for (3199) Nefertiti". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=3199%7CNefertiti. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Wisniewski, W. Z. (June 1987). "Photometry of six radar target asteroids". Icarus 70 (3): 566–572. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90096-0. ISSN 0019-1035. Bibcode: 1987Icar...70..566W. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1987Icar...70..566W. Retrieved 9 January 2017. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Harris, A. W.; Young, J. W. (June 1985). "Photometric Results for Earth Approaching Asteroids.". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 17: 726. Bibcode: 1985BAAS...17R.726H. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1985BAAS...17R.726H. Retrieved 9 January 2017. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Kaasalainen, Mikko; Pravec, Petr; Krugly, Yurij N.; Sarounová, Lenka; Torppa, Johanna; Virtanen, Jenni et al. (January 2004). "Photometry and models of eight near-Earth asteroids". Icarus 167 (1): 178–196. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.09.012. Bibcode: 2004Icar..167..178K. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2004Icar..167..178K. Retrieved 9 January 2017. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounová, L.; Mottola, S.; Erickson, A.; Hahn, G. et al. (December 1997). "The Near-Earth Objects Follow-Up Program". Icarus 130 (2): 275–286. doi:10.1006/icar.1997.5816. Bibcode: 1997Icar..130..275P. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1997Icar..130..275P. Retrieved 9 January 2017. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Gandolfi, D.; Cigna, M.; Fulvio, D.; Blanco, C. (January 2009). "CCD and photon-counting photometric observations of asteroids carried out at Padova and Catania observatories". Planetary and Space Science 57 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2008.09.014. Bibcode: 2009P&SS...57....1G. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2009P&SS...57....1G. Retrieved 9 January 2017. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Thomas, Cristina A.; Emery, Joshua P.; Trilling, David E.; Delbó, Marco; Hora, Joseph L.; Mueller, Michael (January 2014). "Physical characterization of Warm Spitzer-observed near-Earth objects". Icarus 228: 217–246. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2013.10.004. Bibcode: 2014Icar..228..217T. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014Icar..228..217T. Retrieved 9 January 2017. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode: 2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 9 January 2017. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Carry, B.; Solano, E.; Eggl, S.; DeMeo, F. E. (April 2016). "Spectral properties of near-Earth and Mars-crossing asteroids using Sloan photometry". Icarus 268: 340–354. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.12.047. Bibcode: 2016Icar..268..340C. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2016Icar..268..340C. Retrieved 9 January 2017. 
  13. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html. 

External links



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