Astronomy:8405 Asbolus

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8405 Asbolus
Discovery[1]
Discovered bySpacewatch
Discovery siteKitt Peak Obs.
Discovery date5 April 1995
Designations
(8405) Asbolus
Pronunciation/ˈæzbələs/
Named afterΆσβολος Asbolos
(Greek mythology)[2]
1995 GO
Minor planet categorydistant [3] · centaur [1][4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 1
Observation arc16.60 yr (6,063 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}29.118 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}6.8145 AU
17.966 AU
Eccentricity0.6207
Orbital period76.15 yr (27,815 days)
Mean anomaly71.410°
Mean motion0° 0m 46.44s / day
Inclination17.638°
Longitude of ascending node6.1324°
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}
  • 2078-Dec-17[5]
  • 2002-Jul-28 (previous)
290.06°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter66±8 km[1]
76 km[6]
77.5±7.5 km[7]
80.83 km (derived)[4]
84±8 km[8]
85±9 km[9]
Rotation period4.4682±0.0003 h[10]
8 h[11]
8.870 h[12]
8.932±0.002 h[13]
8.9351 h[14]
Geometric albedo0.04[14]
0.05[8]
0.056±0.019[9]
0.057 (assumed)[4]
0.095±0.015[7]
0.12±0.03[15]
0.13±0.03[1]
BR [4][16]
Absolute magnitude (H)8.74[14] · 9.1[1] · 9.11±0.02[17] · 9.13±0.25[9] · 9.18[18] · 9.19[4][19] · 9.257±0.120 (R)[20] · 9.26[10]


8405 Asbolus /ˈæzbələs/ is a centaur orbiting in the outer Solar System between the orbits of Jupiter and Neptune. It was discovered on 5 April 1995, by James Scotti and Robert Jedicke of Spacewatch (credited) at Kitt Peak Observatory in Arizona, United States. It is named after Asbolus, a centaur in Greek mythology and measures approximately 80 kilometers in diameter.[3]

Orbit and classification

Orbital perturbation: changes in Asbolus' semi-major axis during the next 5500 years. After the encounter with Jupiter in 2700 years, the orbit becomes unpredictable.[21]

Centaurs have short dynamical lifetimes due to perturbations by the giant planets. Asbolus is estimated to have an orbital half-life of about 860 kiloannum.[22] Asbolus is currently classified as a SN centaur since Saturn is considered to control the perihelion and Neptune controls the aphelion.[22]

It currently has a perihelion of 6.8 AU,[1] so is also influenced by Jupiter. Centaurs with a perihelion less than 6.6 AU are very strongly influenced by Jupiter and for classification purposes are considered to have a perihelion under the control of Jupiter.[22] In about ten thousand years, clones of the orbit of Asbolus suggest that its perihelion classification may come under the control of Jupiter.[23]

Predicting the overall orbit and position of Asbolus beyond a few thousand years is difficult because of errors in the known trajectory, error amplification by perturbations due to all of the gas giants, and the possibility of perturbation as a result of cometary outgassing and fragmentation. Compared to centaur 7066 Nessus, the orbit of Asbolus is currently much more chaotic.

Naming

This minor planet was named from Greek mythology after Asbolus (Greek for "sooty", "the black one"), a centaur capable to read omens in the flight of birds. He provoked a bloodbath in which the centaurs Chiron and Pholus met their deaths at Heracles' hands. The minor planets 2060 Chiron, 5145 Pholus and 5143 Heracles are named after these mythological figures.[2] The official naming citation was published on 28 September 1999 (M.P.C. 36128).[24]

Physical characteristics

No resolved images of it have ever been made, but in 1998 spectral analysis of its composition by the Hubble Space Telescope revealed a fresh impact crater on its surface, less than 10 million years old.[25] Centaurs are dark in colour, because their icy surfaces have darkened after long exposure to solar radiation and the solar wind. However, fresh craters excavate more reflective ice from below the surface, and that is what Hubble has detected on Asbolus.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 8405 Asbolus (1995 GO)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2008405. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(8405) Asbolus". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 648. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_7001. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "8405 Asbolus (1995 GO)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=8405. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "LCDB Data for (8405) Asbolus". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=8405%7CAsbolus. 
  5. ↑ "Horizons Batch for 8405 Asbolus (1995 GO) on 2078-Dec-17". JPL Horizons. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%278405%27&START_TIME=%272078-Dec-14%27&STOP_TIME=%272078-Dec-20%27&STEP_SIZE=%273%20hours%27&QUANTITIES=%2719%27. Retrieved 2022-06-25.  (JPL#47 Soln.date: 2021-Apr-12)
  6. ↑ Robert Johnston (5 September 2016). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/tnoslist.html. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Stansberry, J. A.; Cruikshank, D. P.; Grundy, W. G.; Margot, J. L.; Emery, J. P.; Fernandez, Y. R. et al. (August 2005). "Albedos, Diameters (and a Density) of Kuiper Belt and Centaur Objects". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 37: 737. Bibcode: 2005DPS....37.5205S. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2005DPS....37.5205S. Retrieved 22 September 2016. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 John Stansberry; Will Grundy; Mike Brown; Dale Cruikshank; John Spencer; David Trilling; Jean-Luc Margot (2007). "Physical Properties of Kuiper Belt and Centaur Objects: Constraints from Spitzer Space Telescope". arXiv:astro-ph/0702538.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Duffard, R.; Pinilla-Alonso, N.; Santos-Sanz, P.; Vilenius, E.; Ortiz, J. L.; Mueller, T. et al. (April 2014). ""TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region. XI. A Herschel-PACS view of 16 Centaurs". Astronomy and Astrophysics 564: 17. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322377. Bibcode: 2014A&A...564A..92D. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014A&A...564A..92D. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Galád, A. (May 2010). "Accuracy of calibrated data from the SDSS moving object catalog, absolute magnitudes, and probable lightcurves for several asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics 514: 10. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014029. Bibcode: 2010A&A...514A..55G. 
  11. ↑ Romanishin, W.; Tegler, S. C.; Levine, J.; Butler, N. (May 1997). "BVR Photometry of Centaur Objects 1995 GO, 1993 HA2, and 5145 Pholus". Astronomical Journal 113: 1893–1898. doi:10.1086/118402. Bibcode: 1997AJ....113.1893R. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1997AJ....113.1893R. Retrieved 22 September 2016. 
  12. ↑ Brown, Warren R.; Luu, Jane X. (March 1997). "CCD Photometry of the Centaur 1995 GO". Icarus 126 (1): 218–224. doi:10.1006/icar.1996.5643. Bibcode: 1997Icar..126..218B. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1997Icar..126..218B. Retrieved 22 September 2016. 
  13. ↑ Brucker, Melissa; Romanishin, W. J.; Tegler, S. C.; Consolmagno, G. J.; J., S.; Grundy, W. M. (September 2008). "Rotational Properties of Centaurs (32532) Thereus and (8405) Asbolus". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 40: 483. Bibcode: 2008DPS....40.4709B. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2008DPS....40.4709B. Retrieved 22 September 2016. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Davies, John K.; McBride, Neil; Ellison, Sara L.; Green, Simon F.; Ballantyne, David R. (August 1998). "Visible and Infrared Photometry of Six Centaurs". Icarus 134 (2): 213–227. doi:10.1006/icar.1998.5931. Bibcode: 1998Icar..134..213D. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1998Icar..134..213D. Retrieved 22 September 2016. 
  15. ↑ Fernández, Yanga R.; Jewitt, David C.; Sheppard, Scott S. (February 2002). "Thermal Properties of Centaurs Asbolus and Chiron". The Astronomical Journal 123 (2): 1050–1055. doi:10.1086/338436. Bibcode: 2002AJ....123.1050F. 
  16. ↑ Belskaya, Irina N.; Barucci, Maria A.; Fulchignoni, Marcello; Dovgopol, Anatolij N. (April 2015). "Updated taxonomy of trans-neptunian objects and centaurs: Influence of albedo". Icarus 250: 482–491. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.12.004. Bibcode: 2015Icar..250..482B. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..250..482B. Retrieved 22 September 2016. 
  17. ↑ Rabinowitz, David L.; Schaefer, Bradley E.; Tourtellotte, Suzanne W. (January 2007). "The Diverse Solar Phase Curves of Distant Icy Bodies. I. Photometric Observations of 18 Trans-Neptunian Objects, 7 Centaurs, and Nereid". The Astronomical Journal 133 (1): 26–43. doi:10.1086/508931. Bibcode: 2007AJ....133...26R. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2007AJ....133...26R. Retrieved 22 September 2016. 
  18. ↑ Romanishin, W.; Tegler, S. C. (December 2005). "Accurate absolute magnitudes for Kuiper belt objects and Centaurs". Icarus 179 (2): 523–526. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2005.06.016. Bibcode: 2005Icar..179..523R. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2005Icar..179..523R. Retrieved 22 September 2016. 
  19. ↑ Romanishin, W.; Tegler, S. C. (March 1999). "Rotation rates of Kuiper-belt objects from their light curves". Nature 398 (6723): 129–132.(NatureHomepage). doi:10.1038/18168. Bibcode: 1999Natur.398..129R. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1999Natur.398..129R. 
  20. ↑ Peixinho, N.; Delsanti, A.; Guilbert-Lepoutre, A.; Gafeira, R.; Lacerda, P. (October 2012). "The bimodal colors of Centaurs and small Kuiper belt objects". Astronomy and Astrophysics 546: 12. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219057. Bibcode: 2012A&A...546A..86P. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012A&A...546A..86P. Retrieved 22 September 2016. 
  21. ↑ "Three clones of Centaur 8405 Asbolus making passes within 450Gm". http://home.surewest.net/kheider/astro/AsbolusClones.txt. 
    "The SOLEX page". http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Horner, J.; Evans, N.W.; Bailey, M. E. (November 2004). "Simulations of the Population of Centaurs I: The Bulk Statistics". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 354 (3): 798–810. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08240.x. Bibcode: 2004MNRAS.354..798H. 
  23. ↑ "The perihelion (q) of twenty-two clones of Centaur Asbolus". Johnston's Archive. http://home.surewest.net/kheider/astro/Asbolus13kd.gif. 
    "The SOLEX page". http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/. 
  24. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html. 
  25. ↑ "Centaur's Bright Surface Spot Could be Crater of Fresh Ice". Hubblesite (STScI-2000-31). 14 September 2000. http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2000/31/text/. 

External links



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