Astronomy:CubeSat for Solar Particles

Short description: Nanosatellite

CubeSat for Solar Particles

The CuSP Team delivers the Cubesat to NASA's Kennedy Space Center. Shown are (left to right) Mike Epperly, Project Manager, Don George, Mission Engineer, and Chad Loeffler, Flight Software Engineer.
Names	CuSP
Mission type	Technology demonstration, reconnaissance, Space Weather
Operator	Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC)
Mission duration	81 minutes 6 seconds
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	CubeSat
Spacecraft type	6U CubeSat
Bus	SwRI Custom Design
Manufacturer	Southwest Research Institute (SwRI)
Launch mass	10.2 kg (22 lb)
Dimensions	10 cm × 20 cm × 30 cm
Power	45.46 watts
Start of mission
Launch date	16 November 2022, 06:47:44 UTC
Rocket	SLS Block 1
Launch site	KSC, LC-39B
Contractor	NASA
End of mission
Last contact	16 November 2022
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Heliocentric orbit
Flyby of Moon
Instruments
Suprathermal Ion Spectrograph (SIS) Miniaturized Electron and Proton Telescope (MERiT) Vector Helium Magnetometer (VHM)

CubeSat for Solar Particles (CuSP) was a low-cost 6U CubeSat to orbit the Sun to study the dynamic particles and magnetic fields. The principal investigator for CuSP is Mihir Desai, at the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in San Antonio, Texas . It was launched on the maiden flight of the Space Launch System (SLS), as a secondary payload of the Artemis 1 mission on 16 November 2022.

Following deployment from the Artemis launch adaptor, contact with the spacecraft showed that it successfully stabilized and deployed its solar arrays, but after the initial 57 minute 27 second radio contact, no further contact was established, however the search is still on. Blind commanding will be performed to stabilize the spacecraft should it still be functioning. No contact has been established as of September 25, 2023 and NASA will not fund further attempts at contact.

Objective

Measuring space weather that can create a wide variety of effects at Earth, from interfering with radio communications to tripping up satellite electronics to creating electric currents in power grids, is of importance. To create a network of space weather stations would require many instruments scattered throughout space millions of miles apart, but the cost of such a system is prohibitive. Though the CubeSats can only carry a few instruments, they are relatively inexpensive to launch because of their small mass and standardized design. Thus, CuSP also was intended as a test for creating a network of space science stations.

The CuSP team

CuSP Spacecraft Team:

Dr. Mihir Desai, PhD: Principal Investigator

Mike Epperly: Project Manager

Dr. Don George, PhD: Mission System Engineer

Chad Loeffler: Flight Software Engineer

Raymond Doty: Spacecraft Technician

Dr. Frederic Allegrini, PhD: SIS Instrument Lead

Dr. Neil Murphy, PhD: VHM Instrument Lead

Dr. Shrikanth Kanekal, PhD, MERiT Instrument Lead

Payload

This CubeSat carried three scientific instruments:

• The Suprathermal Ion Spectrograph (SIS), is built by the Southwest Research Institute to detect and characterize low-energy solar energetic particles.
• Miniaturized Electron and Proton Telescope (MERiT), is built by the NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and will return counts of high-energy solar energetic particles.
• Vector Helium Magnetometer (VHM), being built by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, will measure the strength and direction of magnetic fields.

Propulsion

The satellite features a cold gas thruster system for propulsion, attitude control (orientation) and orbital maneuvering.

Spacecraft bus

The spacecraft's bus consisted of:

• SwRI Spacecraft Integrator: Design, Assembly, Integration and Test
• SwRI SATYR Command and Data Handling Unit
• SwRI Flight Software
• Clyde-Space AAC Electrical Power System
  • BCR MPPT converters
  • LiPo Batteries and
  • Deployable and Fixed Solar Arrays
• VACCO MiPS Cold Gas Thruster
• Blue Canyon Technologies XACT ADCS with Integrated Thruster Control
• SwRI Spacecraft Structure Mechanical and Thermal (SMT)
• NASA JPL/SDL IRIS X-Band Deep Space Transponder
• NASA GSFC Mission Operations Center
• NASA Deep Space Network Ground Communication

Flight results - a qualified success

• After a successful launch of the SLS at 12:47 am ET, The Orion/ICPS performed a Trans-Lunar Injection and separated.
• Shortly thereafter, CuSP was deployed from its launch canister.
• Twenty-three minutes after deployment, DSN received Open Loop Receiver (OLR) telemetry from CuSP indicated it had booted up, detumbled, deployed solar arrays, and assumed a SAFE, Sun-pointing, orientation.
• It was operating perfectly until...
• OLR monitoring of the radio signal indicated that the transmitter stopped suddenly after transmitting for 1 hour and 15 minutes.
• No cause has been determined for this end of transmission.
• Multiple attempts to receive additional signals from the spacecraft failed, and no further contact has yet been made.
• The CuSP team fully investigated a sudden battery temperature increase and found it was a telemetry failure. This was verified by comparing redundant indications of several parameters. The redundant indications did not show the suspected excursion.
• The CuSP team fully investigated an anomalous high IRIS Radio temperature and found it to only be a GSE scaling problem.
• Additional contact attempts are planned during the third quarter of 2023.

Gallery

• 

  CuSP is instrumented and placed in the Thermal Vacuum Chamber.

• 

  Dr. Mihir Desai, Principal Investigator, seen with the CuSP

• 

  Dr. Don George, Mission Engineer, testing the Electrical Power System (EPS) on the CuSP.

• 

  Dr. Gumby presenting the post deployment sequence of operations of CuSP to a NASA review panel.

• 

  CuSP weighs-in at a 'wet mass' of 10.2 kg, well within the 14 kg mass limit.

• 

  The 'Purple Hands' verify that CuSP fits into its dispenser. This dispenser pushes CuSP out of the launch vehicle.

• 

  The Principal Technician for CuSP, Raymond Doty, makes final 'Pack and Ship' preparations for CuSP.

See also

The 10 CubeSats flying in the Artemis 1 mission

• Near-Earth Asteroid Scout by NASA was a solar sail spacecraft that was planned to encounter a near-Earth asteroid (mission failure)
• BioSentinel is an astrobiology mission
• LunIR by Lockheed Martin Space
• Lunar IceCube, by the Morehead State University
• CubeSat for Solar Particles (CuSP)
• Lunar Polar Hydrogen Mapper (LunaH-Map), designed by the Arizona State University
• EQUULEUS, submitted by JAXA and the University of Tokyo
• OMOTENASHI, submitted by JAXA, was a lunar lander (mission failure)
• Cislunar Explorers, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
• Earth Escape Explorer (CU-E³), University of Colorado Boulder

References

Note: This topic belongs to "Spaceflight" portal