Astronomy:GRB 000131
GRB 000131 was a gamma-ray burst (GRB) that was detected on 31 January 2000 at 14:59 UTC. A gamma-ray burst is a highly luminous flash associated with an explosion in a distant galaxy and producing gamma rays, the most energetic form of electromagnetic radiation, and often followed by a longer-lived "afterglow" emitted at longer wavelengths (X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared, and radio).
Observations
GRB 000131 was detected on 31 January 2000 at 14:59 UTC by Ulysses, KONUS, NEAR Shoemaker, and BATSE. It lasted approximately 90 seconds.[1] The initial position, derived from the observations of all the aforementioned spacecraft, was estimated at a right ascension of 6h 13m 32.72s and a declination of −51° 55′ 36.77″.[2] On 4 February 2000, optical observations of the region were made by telescopes at Paranal Observatory and La Silla Observatory in Chile which revealed the burst's optical afterglow.[3]
Distance record
GRB 000131 had a redshift of approximately z = 4.5.[4] This corresponds to a distance of about 11 billion light years, making it the most distant gamma-ray burst that had ever been recorded up to that date.[5] This distance record was broken by GRB 050904, which had a redshift of z = 6.29.[6][7]
Optical emission
GRB 000131 was the first gamma-ray burst to have its optical afterglow detected by an 8-meter telescope. At the time of its discovery, GRB 000131 was the most distant burst ever detected. However, it was not the most energetic: assuming isotropic emission, the total energy output of the burst was approximately 1054 ergs, placing it in second behind GRB 990123. Furthermore, the gamma-ray data also suggested that the burst was beamed rather than isotropic, a characteristic which would further decrease the total energy output. This demonstrated the importance of the use of optical telescopes in the studies of gamma-ray bursts.[8]
References
- ↑ Hurley, Kevin. "IPN localization of GRB00013". GCN Circulars (529). http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/529.gcn3.
- ↑ Kippen, R. N. (2000). "BATSE+IPN location of GRB000131". GCN Circulars 530 (530): 1. Bibcode: 2000GCN...530....1K. http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/530.gcn3.
- ↑ Pedersen, Holger. "GRB 000131 Optical Observations". GCN Circulars (534). http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/534.gcn3.
- ↑ Andersen, Michael (2001). "Hunting Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Lyman Forest; GRB 000131 at z = 4.50". Springer-Verlag. pp. 133–135. ISBN 3-540-42771-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=5dlHEeVNZ_oC&pg=PA135.
- ↑ "Yet another record: Ulysses detects most distant gamma-ray burst". ESA Science & Technology. 19 October 2000. http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=24887.
- ↑ "Most Distant Explosion Detected, Smashes Previous Record" (Press release). NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. 12 September 2005. Retrieved 16 May 2010.
- ↑ Haislip, J. B. (9 March 2006). "A photometric redshift of z = 6.39 ± 0.12 for GRB 050904". Nature 440 (7081): 181–183. doi:10.1038/nature04552. PMID 16525465. Bibcode: 2006Natur.440..181H.
- ↑ Feroci, Marco (April 2001). "Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era: Second Workshop". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 113 (782): 508–509. doi:10.1086/319545. Bibcode: 2001PASP..113..508F.
| Preceded by GRB 971214 |
Most distant gamma-ray burst 2000 — 2005 |
Succeeded by GRB 050904 |
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