Biography:Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri

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Short description: Pakistani–Canadian Islamic scholar
Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri
محمد طاہر القادری
Shaykh-ul-Islam-Dr-Muhammad-Tahir-ul-Qadri.jpg
Personal
Born (1951-02-19) 19 February 1951 (age 73)
Jhang, Pakistan
ReligionIslam
NationalityPakistani
CitizenshipCanadian
Pakistani[1]
DenominationSunni
JurisprudenceHanafi
Political partyPakistan Awami Tehreek
Main interest(s)Tafsir, Sharia, Fiqh, Hadith, Quran, Usul al-Fiqh, Sufism, History, Aqidah
Alma materUniversity of the Punjab
TariqaQadiri
Founder ofMinhaj-ul-Quran International, Pakistan Awami Tehreek
PhilosophySufism, Anti-Terrorism, Philanthropy
Muslim leader
Period in officeOctober 1981 – Present
Websitewww.minhaj.org, www.pat.com.pk
Academic background
ThesisPunishment in Islam their Classification & Philosophy (1984)
Doctoral advisorBashir Ahmad Siddique

Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri (Urdu: محمد طاہر القادری‎‎; born 19 February 1951) is a Pakistani–Canadian Islamic scholar and former politician who founded Minhaj-ul-Quran International and Pakistan Awami Tehreek.

He was also a professor of international constitutional law at the University of the Punjab.[2] Qadri is also the founding chairman of various sub-organisations of Minhaj-ul-Quran International. He has been included in all editions for the rankings of The 500 Most Influential Muslims since its first edition in 2009.[3]


Early years

Muhammad Tahir ul Qadri was born on 19 February 1951 in the Jhang District of Pakistan.[4][5][6] He received non-religious and Islamic Education at a young age.[7] He is the student of Tahir Allauddin Al-Qadri Al-Gillani.[3] He also received a First Class degree, an MA in Islamic Studies and a PhD in Islamic Law from the University of Punjab where he worked as a lecturer and then as Professor of Law.[6]

Minhaj-ul-Quran

The organisation, Minhaj-ul-Quran International which he founded on 17 October 1980, currently has its branches in over hundred countries.[3] The organisation claims to promote religious moderation, effective and sound education, inter-faith dialogue and harmony, and a moderate interpretation of Islam supposedly employing methods of Sufism. During its March 2011 session, the United Nations Economic and Social Council granted special consultative status to Minhaj-ul-Quran International.[8]

Political career

He founded Pakistan Awami Tehreek (PAT) in May 1989. He contested elections in 1990 where he was elected as a Member of the National Assembly.[9] On 29 November 2004, Qadri announced his resignation as a Member of the National Assembly protesting the dictatorial counter terrorism policies of the then President Pervez Musharraf.[10] In 2005 he moved to Canada .[11]

Long March 2012

In December 2012, after living for seven years in Toronto, Canada, Qadri returned to Pakistan and initiated a political campaign. Qadri called for a "million-men" march in Islamabad to protest against the government's corruption.[12] He demand the creation of an independent body to conduct electoral reforms that would pave way for free and fair elections, and said that if the constitutional requirements were not fulfilled then he would reject the upcoming elections.[13] On 14 January 2013, a crowd marched down the city's main avenue. Thousands of people pledged to sit-in until their demands were met.[14] When he started the long march from Lahore about 50,000 people were with him.[15] He told the rally in front of parliament: "There is no Parliament; there is a group of looters, thieves and dacoits [bandits] ... Our lawmakers are the lawbreakers."[16] After four days of sit-in, the Government and Qadri signed an agreement called the Islamabad Long March Declaration, which promised electoral reforms and increased political transparency.[17]

Critics have charged that the protests were a ploy by the Pakistan Armed Forces to delay elections and weaken the influence of the civilian government, citing Qadri's close ties to the military, dual nationality and suspect foreign and Pakistani sources of funding.[18][19] Lawyers for the Supreme Court of Pakistan claimed that Qadri's demands are unfeasible because they conflict with the Constitution of Pakistan.[20] The Tribune reported on 17 February 2013, that Qadri seemed to have capitulated on most of his demands in the Islamabad Long March Declaration.[21]

Long March 2014

On 17 June 2014, a violent clash occurred between the Punjab Police and Pakistan Awami Tehreek activists resulting in the deaths of several protesters from police gunfire.[22][23] Tahir-ul-Qadri said the police refused to log a First Information Report.[24] The Baqir Najfi inquiry found that police actively participated in the massacre to remove barriers that were installed on orders of the High Court.[25]

Tahir-ul-Qadri's flight was due to land at Islamabad airport however the Pakistani authorities refused landing permission and the plane was diverted to Lahore airport.[26] Tahir-ul-Qadri believed he would be harmed by the Punjab government and was personally escorted by the convoy of Governor of Punjab to his residence in Model Town, Lahore.[27]

As of the end of September 2014, the Inqilab March began, with sit-in protests with allied partner Imran Khan, chairman and founder of Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI) and organiser of 2014 Azadi March, in the capital of Pakistan, Islamabad.[28]

Imran Khan and Tahir-ul-Qadri did not fully join their protest marches nor decline to support each other.[29] On 10 August 2014, Qadri formally announced that his party's political march, the Inqilab March, would proceed parallel with PTI's Azadi march. Both marches were organised to take different routes, albeit closely mirroring each other. It is apparent that the two parties have similar objectives yet different aims and strategies. The announcement of two parallel marches by parties in opposition gave rise to speculation that a coalition between PTI and PAT was possible. The chiefs of the two parties never clearly stipulated a formal coalition; but an informal agreement to support each other was achieved.[30][31]

On 21 August 2014, Qadri said that the government had not been allowing his workers to supply food items and potable water to the participants of the sit-in.[32]

The Daily Dawn of 31 August 2014 claimed that hundreds of people were injured in the federal capital as police battled throngs of protesters led by Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf and Pakistan Awami Tehreek.[33][undue weight? – discuss]

Then Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif appointed Chief of Army Staff General Raheel Sharif to act as a mediator.[34] General Raheel Sharif met with Tahir-ul-Qadri and Imran Khan to end the sit-in.[35] It was due to the intervention of General Raheel Sharif that the police report was logged. Tahir-ul-Qadri congratuled his supporters in their struggle for justice.[36]

It was reported that Tahir-ul-Qadri led the Eid prayer at Islamabad's D-Chowk. The congregation was attended by Imran Khan and other political leaders, including Raja Nasir Abbas Jafary of MWM. Animal sacrifies were also offered in the name of Allah following the Sunnah of Prophet Ibrahim and his son Prophet Ismail.[37][38][39]

Events

Anti-Terrorism Camp

In August 2010, Qadri held an anti-terrorism camp for Muslim youth at the University of Warwick with the aim of tackling extremism in the UK.[40] He organised the camp under the auspices of Minhaj-ul-Quran UK.[41]

World Economic Forum

Qadri while addressing the session 'The Reality of Terrorism' at the Annual Meeting 2011 of the World Economic Forum

In 2011, he spoke at the WEF that took place in Davos, Switzerland.[42]

Lahore Public Gathering 2014

Seven days after the Faisalabad Gathering, Qadri made a public gathering in Lahore on 19 October 2014.[43]

Lahore Clash 2014

The 2014 Lahore Clash,[44][45] more commonly known as the Model Town Tragedy (Urdu: سانحہ ماڈل ٹاؤن‎) or the Lahore massacre,[46] was a violent clash that ensued between the Punjab Police and Pakistan Awami Tehreek activists on 17 June 2014 resulting in several protesters being killed by the police gunfire. Five police officers remain under arrest.[47] The standoff lasted for almost 11 hours when the police's anti-encroachment squad launched an operation to remove the barriers from the road leading to the offices of Minhaj-ul-Quran and the residence of PAT founder Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri in Model Town, Lahore. Although, police officials were given a court order by PAT leaders, stating "due to terrorism issues, place security barriers in front of Minhaj-ul-Quran and the residence of PAT founder Qadri", but the police still attacked.[citation needed]

The incident was broadcast live on various local news channels[48] and there were conflicting accounts of how the standoff began.[49] Police claimed that they were attacked by people inside the PAT secretariat, a claim that is denied by party chief Qadri. In the live footage broadcast on television, the policemen were shown firing assault rifles and lobbing tear gas canisters at the protesting masses while the protesters threw stones at the police for defence.[49] Qadri strongly condemned the attack and called it the worst form of state terrorism. Qadri vowed to avenge the deaths of his political workers by bringing about a revolution that would hasten the end of the rule of prime minister Nawaz Sharif and his brother Shahbaz Sharif.[50][51]

The Day of Martyrs

Qadri and his party observed Youm-e-Shuhada (Day of Martyrs) at 9 August 2014 in Tehreek-e-Minhaj ul Quran secretariat in Model Town.[52] A Country-Wide clash occurred between Police and the Workers of PAT. After the gathering of People, He assured his supporters and the government that the rally on 10 August would be peaceful while requesting his followers to bring their prayer mats for recitation of the Quran.[53]

Other Events

He has been invited to deliver his lectures by several organisations.[54][55]

In July 2011, he gave a lecture on the issues of terrorism and integration at the Parliament of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia where he was invited by the member of the NSW Legislative Council, Shaoquett Moselmane MLC.[56] Qadri also made appearances on Australian media, where he discussed Islam, terrorism and possible troop withdrawals from Afghanistan. On 24 September 2011, Minhaj-ul-Quran convened the "Peace for Humanity Conference" at Wembley Arena in London where Tahir-ul-Qadri and the assembled speakers issued a declaration of peace on behalf of religious representatives of several faiths, scholars, politicians, and 12,000 participants present from various countries. This conference was endorsed by, or received supportive messages from, the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar University, Ban Ki-Moon (Secretary General of the United Nations), Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu (Secretary General of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation), David Cameron (British Prime Minister), Nick Clegg (British Deputy Prime Minister), Rowan Williams (Archbishop of Canterbury) and others. On 30 November 2011, Qadri delivered a lecture at the "Peaceful Future of Afghanistan" conference in Istanbul, Turkey which was organised by the Center for World Religions, Diplomacy and Conflict Resolution of George Mason University together with Marmara University and was attended by more than 120 Afghan leaders.

On 22 February 2012, Qadri visited Delhi for a four-week tour of India.[57][58][59] Qadri delivered a message of peace and said: "Terrorism has no place in Islam", while addressing the fatwa book launch in Delhi.[60] People gathered to listen to Qadri along with government officials in Gujarat.[59] [61] Qadri also urged the Pakistani and Indian governments to reduce their defence expenditures and instead spend money on the welfare of poor people.[62] He also visited Ajmer, where he was given a large reception, at which he gave a lecture on Sufism.[63] On 4 January 2015, he declared terrorism as biggest problem of the world.[64]

Fatwa on Terrorism

The Fatwa on Terrorism and Suicide Bombings is a 600-page (Urdu version), 512-page (English version) is an Islamic decree by Qadri which demonstrates from the Quran and Sunnah that terrorism and suicide bombings are unjust and evil, and thus un-Islamic. It was published in London as a book.[65] This fatwa is a direct refutation of the ideology of al-Qaeda and the Taliban. It is one of the most extensive Islamic anti-terrorism rulings, an "absolute" condemnation of terrorism without "any excuses or pretexts" which goes further than ever and declares that terrorism is kufr under Islamic law.[66] The launch was organised by Minhaj-ul-Quran UK. Qadri said during the launch that "Terrorism is terrorism, violence is violence and it has no place in Islamic teaching and no justification can be provided for it, or any kind of excuses or ifs or buts."

The fatwa received widespread media attention and was positively covered by the international press.[67]

According to CNN, experts see the fatwa as a significant blow to terrorist recruiting.[68] CNN's Amanpour show added the fatwa summary to its website and declared it to be fatwa for peace,[69] while the US State Department declares the fatwa to be significant step in taking Islam back from terrorists.[70]

Before it had been released, Douglas Murray described the Fatwa on Terrorism, in an article in the Evening Standard, as "potentially important", although he said "A single-fatwa will not change the level of denial and self criticism inherent in so much of modern Islam".[71]

ITV news channel questioned the credibility of the fatwa and asks if it was not by the British government because senior counter-terrorism officials from Scotland Yard and MI5 were present at the launch.[72]

The 512-page English book version of the fatwa, Fatwa on Terrorism and Suicide Bombings, (London: Minhaj-ul-Quran, 2011. ISBN:978-0-9551888-9-3) has a foreword by John Esposito and an introduction by Joel Hayward, both of whom share Qadri's scholarly assessment that, regardless of any intention, the evil of terrorism remains evil and must be exposed, opposed and condemned. It also has a certification from the Islamic Research Council of Al-Azhar, Egypt issued on 9 January 2011.

The Fatwa on Terrorism and Suicide Bombings has been officially endorsed by Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt. In January 2011, the fatwa was discussed at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.[73] In June 2011, Pope Benedict XVI received a copy of the fatwa from representatives of Minhaj Interfaith Relations. The Pope reportedly appreciated that it promoted peace, harmony and interfaith dialogue.[74]

The Fatwa on Terrorism and Suicide Bombings was reviewed positively by Kemal Argon who published a review in the Journal of Rotterdam Islamic and Social Sciences, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2011, pp. 149–160. Islamic University of Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Invitation to OIC

On 7 April 2019, Qadri addressed scholars at the OIC meeting in Riyadh and presented Minhaj-ul-Quran's Counter Terrorism Syllabus.[75]

Views

According to one newspaper pundit, the legal-theological opinion by Qadri in his fatwa on terrorism creates an impression that there is a consensus in Islam on the Khawarij.[76][77] Think Magazine (World Religions) cited Dr. Tahir ul Qadri as providing a competing vision of Islam against that of Osama Bin Laden.[78] In November 2017, Mandla Mandela (the grandson of South African revolutionary leader Nelson Mandela) visited Pakistan after his conversion to Islam in 2016. He arrived in Pakistan on Tahir ul Qadri's invitation to attend Tajdar-e-Khatam-e-Nabuwwat Conference in Pakistan.[79][80]

Works

Islamic Curriculum on Peace and Counter-Terrorism by Tahir-ul-Qadri

He has authored 1000 works[81] out of which 550 are published books, including an "eight-volume, 7,000-page Qur’anic Encyclopaedia in English covering all 6,000-plus verses of the Koran."[82] He has delivered over 6000 lectures and has been teaching subjects such as Islamic jurisprudence, theology, sufism, Islamic philosophy, law, Islamic politics, hadith, seerah, and many other traditional sciences.[81] His works include:

  • Islamic Concept of Crime[83] (1985)
  • Islamic Concept of Law[84] (1987)
  • Islam and Christianity[85] (1999)
  • Peace & Submission[86] (2011)
  • Muhammad the Merciful[87] (2014)
  • Fatwa on Suicide Bombings and Terrorism[88] (2014) translated by Shaykh Abdul Aziz Dabbagh
  • Islam on Mercy and Compassion[89] (2014)
  • Creation of Man - A Review of Qur'an and Modern Embryology[90] (2017)
  • Beseeching for Help (Istighathah)[91] published by CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform in 2017

Criticism

Tahir Qadri has received much criticism from hundreds of Islamic scholars and organisations for a number of reasons, including his belief that Jews and Christians are not disbelievers, his celebration of Christmas, his refusal to acknowledge the consensus of the companions regarding Abu Bakr and his condemnation of Muawiya Ibn Abu Sufyan with many branding him as "misguided".[92] The Former Grand mufti of India and the great grandson of the founder of the Barelvi movement, Akhtar Raza Khan Al-Azhari, issued a fatwa in 2014 that declared him to be a disbeliever[93]

The US government funded broadcaster, Radio liberty and the German public broadcaster, Deutsche Welle, have issued articles pointing out his contradictions in claiming to be in favour of democracy while also having previously called for the toppling of the Pakistani civilian government [94][95]

See also

  • Minhaj-ul-Quran International
  • The Amman Message
  • Contemporary Islamic philosophy
  • London Declaration for Global Peace and Resistance against Extremism 2011
  • Minhaj Welfare Foundation
  • Minhaj University

References

  1. ↑ "Pakistani authorities summon Qadri for violating oath". The Express Tribune. 18 January 2013. http://tribune.com.pk/story/495741/qadri-summoned-by-royal-Pakistani-monitoring-police-for-violating-oath/. 
  2. ↑ "PUNISHMENTS IN ISLAM THEIR CLASSIFICATION & PHILOSOPHY – Pakistan Research Repository". Eprints.hec.gov.pk. http://eprints.hec.gov.pk/1475/. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 The 500 Most Influential Muslims in the World (1 ed.). The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre. 2009. pp. 86, 142. ISBN 978-9957-428-37-2. https://themuslim500.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/TheMuslim500-2009-low.pdf. Retrieved 18 May 2022. 
  4. ↑ Nielsen, Jørgen S. (2012) (in en). Islam in Denmark: The Challenge of Diversity. Lexington Books. pp. 23. ISBN 9780739150924. https://books.google.com/books?id=TVohQNHA48cC&q=tahir+ul+qadri+birth+1951&pg=PA23. 
  5. ↑ "Minhaj.org". https://www.minhaj.org/english/tid/3003/Biography-of-Shaykh-ul-Islam-Dr-Muhammad-Tahir-ul-Qadri.html. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Clarke, Matthew; Halafoff, Anna (25 August 2016) (in en). Religion and Development in the Asia-Pacific: Sacred Places as Development Spaces. Taylor & Francis. pp. 50. ISBN 9781317647454. https://books.google.com/books?id=cTslDwAAQBAJ&q=tahir+ul+qadri+birth+1951&pg=PA50. 
  7. ↑ Bhattacharji, Shantanu (21 May 2013). "Who is Tahir-ul-Qadri?". Business Standard. https://www.business-standard.com/article/international/who-is-tahir-ul-qadri-113011600209_1.html. 
  8. ↑ "Report of the Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations on its 2011 regular session". http://esango.un.org/paperless/reports/report%202011reg%20sess%20(E).pdf. 
  9. ↑ "A look at Tahir-ul-Qadri's political career". Dunya News. 14 September 2019. https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/509407-look-Tahir-ul-Qadri-political-struggle. 
  10. ↑ Qadri sends 41-page resignation to speaker
  11. ↑ Tahir ul-Qadri: A political 'enigma' aljazeera.com
  12. ↑ "Pakistani city prepares for cleric's march". 3 News NZ. 14 January 2013. http://www.3news.co.nz/Pakistani-city-prepares-for-clerics-march/tabid/417/articleID/283032/Default.aspx. 
  13. ↑ Tanveer, Rana (2012-12-23). "'Save the state, not politics': Qadri returns, in style". The Express Tribune. https://tribune.com.pk/story/483635/save-the-state-not-politics-qadri-returns-in-style. 
  14. ↑ "Long march: Walking in the name of 'revolution'". 15 January 2013. http://tribune.com.pk/story/494129/long-march-walking-in-the-name-of-revolution/. 
  15. ↑ "Pakistanis protest 'corrupt' government". 3 News NZ. 15 January 2013. http://www.3news.co.nz/Pakistanis-protest-corrupt-government/tabid/417/articleID/283057/Default.aspx. 
  16. ↑ Declan Walsh (15 January 2013). "Internal Forces Besiege Pakistan Ahead of Voting". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/16/world/asia/pakistan-high-court-orders-arrest-of-prime-minister.html. 
  17. ↑ Anita Joshua (17 January 2013). "Qadri's picketing ends with 'Long March Declaration'". The Hindu. http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/qadris-picketing-ends-with-long-march-declaration/article4316278.ece. 
  18. ↑ Arab News, "Pak crisis deepends: PM arrest ordered as rally shakes capital," front page, Vol. XXXVIII, #45. Wednesday, 16 January 2013
  19. ↑ Rodriguez, Alex (14 January 2013). "Pakistan 'Long March' protest draws tens of thousands to capital". Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-pakistan-march-20130115,0,688817.story. 
  20. ↑ "'Long march' show not in millions, but not a flop". The News International. 8 January 2013. http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-6-154598-Long-march-show-not-in-millions-but-not-a-flop. 
  21. ↑ Abdul Manan (17 February 2013). "Two steps back: Qadri capitulates on earlier demands". Express Tribune. http://tribune.com.pk/story/508510/two-steps-back-qadri-capitulates-on-earlier-demands/. 
  22. ↑ "Pakistan: Eight die as Lahore police clash with Qadri supporters". BBC News. 17 June 2014. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-27885827. 
  23. ↑ "7 Killed as Pakistan Police Clash With Preacher's Followers". The New York Times. 18 June 2014. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/18/world/asia/pakistan-police-clash-with-qadri-followers.html. 
  24. ↑ Sheikh, Idrees (5 December 2017). "Punjab govt makes Model Town report public after court's orders". Dawn News. https://www.dawn.com/news/1374691. 
  25. ↑ Haider, Arsalan (6 December 2017). "Model Town inquiry report implicates Shehbaz and Rana Sanaullah". Daily Times. https://dailytimes.com.pk/153587/model-town-inquiry-report-implicates-shehbaz-rana-sanaullah/. 
  26. ↑ "Dr. Tahirul Qadri reaches Lahore airport". Dunya News. 23 June 2014. https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/226398-Dr-Tahirul-Qadri-reaches-Lahore-airport. 
  27. ↑ Ghumman, Khawar (22 August 2014). "Parliament watch: Sharif's new secret weapon?". Dawn News. https://www.dawn.com/news/1126954. 
  28. ↑ "'Revolution March' to Begin on August 14: Tahirul Qadri" , The News International, 10 August 2014.
  29. ↑ "Inqilab, Azadi march will go together on Aug 14: Qadri". dunyanews.tv. 14 February 2008. http://dunyanews.tv/index.php/en/Pakistan/232051-Inqilab-Azadi-march-will-go-together-on-Aug-14-Q. 
  30. ↑ "I meant people should kill me, Imran Khan if retracted from mission: Qadri". dunyanews.tv. 14 February 2008. http://dunyanews.tv/index.php/en/Pakistan/232131-I-meant-people-should-kill-me-Imran-Khan-if-retra. 
  31. ↑ Amjad Mahmood (11 August 2014). "Qadri to march side by side with Imran". http://www.dawn.com/news/1124603/qadri-to-march-side-by-side-with-imran. 
  32. ↑ "The News International: Latest News Breaking, Pakistan News". http://www.thenews.com.pk/article-157467-Qadri-accuses-govt-of-halting-food,-water-supplies-to-dharna. 
  33. ↑ "Battleground Islamabad: Imran vows to advance as clashes continue". 30 August 2014. http://www.dawn.com/news/1128786/qadri-directs-marchers-to-move-towards-pm-house-peacefully. 
  34. ↑ "COAS Raheel Sharif made 'mediator' to end political crisis". Dawn News. 28 August 2014. https://www.dawn.com/news/1128362. 
  35. ↑ Abbasi, Ansar. "What happened between Nawaz & two top generals in 2014?". The News. https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/730727-what-happened-between-nawaz-two-top-generals-in-2014. 
  36. ↑ Sheikh, Idrees (5 December 2017). "Punjab govt makes Model Town report public after court's orders". Dawn News. https://www.dawn.com/news/1374691. 
  37. ↑ "Tahir Blasts Tahir". The Nation's Staff reporter. 9 October 2014. http://nation.com.pk/lahore/09-Oct-2014/tahir-blasts-tahir. 
  38. ↑ "Khan, Qadri offer Eid prayer at D-Chowk". Samaa.tv. 6 October 2014. http://www.samaa.tv/pakistan/06-Oct-2014/khan-qadri-offer-eid-prayer-at-d-chowk. 
  39. ↑ "retrieved: 12 October 2014". http://www.brecorder.com/general-news/172/1230892/. 
  40. ↑ Casciani, Dominic (8 August 2010). "Muslim summer camp preaches 'anti-terror' message". Bbc.co.uk. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-10905070. 
  41. ↑ Casciani, Dominic (7 August 2010). "Muslim group Minhaj ul-Quran runs 'anti-terrorism' camp". Bbc.co.uk. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-10900478. 
  42. ↑ "Islam is a religion of peace as exemplified by its founder, Islamic scholar says". The Salt Lake Tribube. 2012-06-18. https://archive.sltrib.com/article.php?id=54318701&itype=CMSID. 
  43. ↑ "Dunya News Videos". 14 February 2008. http://video.dunyanews.tv/index.php/en/mustwatch/8930/I-will-not-take-money-of-Shuhda’s-(martyred)-blood-at-any-cost:Tahir-ul-Qadri-#.VVRcj_BQl9M. 
  44. ↑ Tanveer, Rana (20 June 2014). "Lahore clashes: Will accept only JIT with ISI, IB, MI reps, says Qadri". The Express Tribune. http://tribune.com.pk/story/724623/qadris-son-calls-punjab-cm-killer-for-lahore-incident/. 
  45. ↑ "Pakistan: Eight die as Seikh amir saleem and others clash with Qadri supporters". BBC News. 17 June 2014. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-27885827. 
  46. ↑ Tanveer, Rana; Manan, Abdul (21 June 2014). "The axe falls: Heads finally roll over Model Town tragedy". The Express Tribune. http://tribune.com.pk/story/724894/the-axe-falls-heads-finally-roll-over-model-town-tragedy/. 
  47. ↑ Gillani, Waqar (17 June 2014). "7 Killed as Pakistan Police Clash With Preacher's Followers". New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/18/world/asia/pakistan-police-clash-with-qadri-followers.html?_r=0. 
  48. ↑ "PPP, MQM resolutions condemn Lahore killings". The News International. 20 June 2014. http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-4-257018-PPP-MQM-resolutions-condemn-Lahore-kil. 
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 Nauman, Qasim (17 June 2014). "Pakistan Police Clash With Supporters of Canada-Based Cleric". Wall Street Journal. https://online.wsj.com/articles/pakistan-police-clash-with-supporters-of-canada-based-cleric-1403012699. 
  50. ↑ "State Terrorism will not be tolerated: Qadri". The News International. 17 June 2014. http://www.thenews.com.pk/article-151048-State-terrorism-will-not-be-tolerated:-Qadri. 
  51. ↑ "Qadri vows to take revenge by revolution". The Nation. 23 June 2014. http://www.nation.com.pk/national/23-Jun-2014/qadri-vows-to-take-revenge-by-revolution. 
  52. ↑ "PAT set to observe Youm-e-Shuhada today". 14 February 2008. http://dunyanews.tv/index.php/en/Pakistan/231970-PAT-set-to-observe-YoumeShuhada-today. 
  53. ↑ "Youme Shuhada, Pakistan Today". 5 August 2014. http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2014/08/05/national/qadri-accuses-punjab-govt-of-sabotaging-aug-10-youm-e-shuhada-event/. 
  54. ↑ "Associated Press of Pakistan ( Pakistan's Premier NEWS Agency ) – Muslims urged to stand up against terrorism". App.com.pk. http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=120050&Itemid=2. 
  55. ↑ "Tahir-ul-Qadri's Struggle Against Radicalism in Islam". Usip.org. 10 November 2010. http://www.usip.org/events/shaykh-dr-muhammad-tahri-ul-qadri-s-struggle-against-radicalism-in-islam. 
  56. ↑ "Full Day Hansard Transcript (Legislative Council, 5 August 2011, Corrected Copy)". Parliament.nsw.gov.au. http://parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/hanstrans.nsf/V3ByKey/LC20110805?Open&refNavID=HA8_1. 
  57. ↑ "Coming: Pak Islamic scholar who pulls no punches against terror". http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/coming-pak-islamic-scholar-who-pulls-no-punches-against-terror/914697/. 
  58. ↑ "Qadri given honour in India". Nation.com.pk. http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/lahore/28-Feb-2012/qadri-given-honour-in-india. 
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 "Pakistani scholar thanks Modi for security". The Times of India. 26 February 2012. http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-26/vadodara/31100857_1_gujarat-godhra-riots-communal-riots. 
  60. ↑ "Terrorism has no place in Islam: Sufi scholar". Indianexpress.com. 23 February 2012. http://www.indianexpress.com/news/terrorism-has-no-place-in-islam-sufi-scholar/915599/. 
  61. ↑ Pak scholar debunks Islamic stereotypes
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  63. ↑ "Pak scholar to speak on Sufism in dargah". The Times of India. 13 March 2012. http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-13/jaipur/31159293_1_pak-scholar-sufism-dargah. 
  64. ↑ Samaa TV (4 January 2015). "Tahirul Qadri terms terrorism as biggest problem". Samaa TV. http://www.samaa.tv/pakistan/04-Jan-2015/tahirul-qadri-terms-terrorism-as-biggest-problem. 
  65. ↑ "Influential Pakistani cleric based in GTA". https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/influential-pakistani-cleric-based-in-gta-1.866827. 
  66. ↑ "Sheikh issues fatwa against all terrorists". The Independent. 3 March 2010. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/sheikh-issues-fatwa-against-all-terrorists-1915000.html. 
  67. ↑ "Tahir ul-Qadri and the difficulty of reporting on fatwas". Reuters. http://blogs.reuters.com/faithworld/2010/03/02/tahir-ul-qadri-and-the-difficulty-of-reporting-on-fatwas/. 
  68. ↑ "Some experts see fatwa as significant blow to terrorist recruiting". http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/asiapcf/03/03/terror.fatwa.analysis/index.html. 
  69. ↑ "Fatwa for Peace". http://amanpour.blogs.cnn.com/2010/03/11/fatwa-for-peace/. 
  70. ↑ "Muslim leader's edict decries terrorism – Washington Times". The Washington Times. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/mar/03/muslim-leaders-edict-decries-terrorism/. 
  71. ↑ "Is this a triumph for the Islamic peacemakers?". The Evening Standard. http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23810140-is-this-a-triumph-for-the-islamic-peacemakers.do. 
  72. ↑ "Fatwa condemns terror". http://www.itv.com/news/fatwa-condemns-terror52128/. 
  73. ↑ "The Reality of Terrorism". The Reality of Terrorism – World Economic Forum. http://www.weforum.org/sessions/summary/reality-terrorism. 
  74. ↑ Minhaj man meets Pope[yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  75. ↑ The News https://www.thenews.com.pk/amp/454414-qadri-to-address-oic-moot-in-riyadh - Qadri invited to Riadh for attending OIC Conference
  76. ↑ "a-closer-look-at-tahirul-qadris-thesis". 2 January 2013. http://tribune.com.pk/story/488064/a-closer-look-at-tahirul-qadris-thesis/. 
  77. ↑ "Tahir-ul-Qadri's Vision for a Democratic Pakistan, CNN News". 20 August 2014. http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/19/opinion/pakistan-democracy-qadri/. 
  78. ↑ Robson, Roy R (2011). "Conclusion". THINK World Religions. https://www.pearson.com/us/higher-education/product/Robson-THINK-World-Religions/9780205773626.html?tab=contents. 
  79. ↑ "Happy to be here, says Nelson Mandela's grandson after arriving in Lahore". Geo News. 30 November 2017. https://www.geo.tv/latest/170049-nelson-mandelas-grandson-arrives-in-lahore. 
  80. ↑ "Grandson of Nelson Mandela arrives in Pakistan on Dr Tahir ul Qadri invitation". Times of Islamabad. 30 November 2017. https://timesofislamabad.com/tag/Mandla%20Mandela. 
  81. ↑ 81.0 81.1 "Sheikh Dr. Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri's Struggle Against Radicalism in Islam". https://www.usip.org/events/sheikh-dr-muhammad-tahir-ul-qadris-struggle-against-radicalism-islam. 
  82. ↑ Bryan Appleyard, "The Koran is a work of peace, not violence", The Times. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
  83. ↑ Tahir-Ul-Qadri, Dr Muhammad (1985). Islamic concept of Crime. Minhaj-ul-Quran Publications. ISBN 978-96-93-20534-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=s2fUv165WFkC&q=tahir+ul+qadri. 
  84. ↑ Islamic concept of Law. Lahore: Minhaj ul Quran Publications. 1987. ISBN 969-32-05-25-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=WQpCcaLfxQ0C&q=tahir+ul+qadri. Retrieved 2 August 2022. 
  85. ↑ Islam and Christianity. Minhaj ul Quran International. 1999. ISBN 978-9693203851. https://books.google.com/books?id=fQxBPQAACAAJ&q=tahir+ul+qadri. Retrieved 2 August 2022. 
  86. ↑ t̤Āhirulqādrī, Muḥammad (2011). Peace & Submission - Islamic Teachings Series. https://books.google.com/books?id=Dp4avgAACAAJ&q=tahir+ul+qadri. Retrieved 2 August 2022. 
  87. ↑ Tahir-Ul-Qadri, Muhammad (2014). Muhammad the Merciful. Minhaj-ul-Quran Publications. ISBN 9781908229182. https://books.google.com/books?id=lz8ZnwEACAAJ&q=tahir+ul+qadri. 
  88. ↑ Fatwa on suicide bombings and terrorism 》 Table of contents, summary & bibliography. London: Minhaj ul Quran International (UK). 2010. ISBN 978-09-55-18884-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=TkzJu8eTfb0C&q=tahir+ul+qadri. Retrieved 2 August 2022. 
  89. ↑ t̤Āhirulqādrī, Muḥammad (2014). Islam on Mercy and Compassion. Minhaj-ul-Quran Publications. ISBN 9781908229175. https://books.google.com/books?id=S7HcngEACAAJ&q=tahir+ul+qadri. 
  90. ↑ Tahir-Ul-Qadri, Muhammad (2021). Creation of Man: A Review of Quran and Modern Embryology. Minhaj-ul-Quran Publications. ISBN 9789693203929. https://books.google.com/books?id=lBzPeDwxRmgC&q=tahir+ul+qadri. 
  91. ↑ Beseeching for Help (Istighathah). CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. 27 May 2017. ISBN 9781546931775. https://books.google.com/books?id=Td16tAEACAAJ&q=tahir+ul+qadri. Retrieved 2 August 2022. 
  92. ↑ "Scholars in the UK, India and Pakistan condemn Dr. Tahir-ul-Qadri as "misguided"". 5 July 2019. https://5pillarsuk.com/2019/07/05/scholars-in-the-uk-india-and-pakistan-condemn-dr-tahir-ul-qadri-as-misguided/. 
  93. ↑ "English - Taajush Shari'ah Unmasking the Minhaji Apostasy" (in en-gb). https://www.thesunniway.com/ebooks/english/file/130-taajush-shari-ah-unmasking-the-minhaji-apostasy. 
  94. ↑ "A man of contradictions – DW – 08/12/2014" (in en). https://www.dw.com/en/pakistani-cleric-tahir-ul-qadri-a-man-of-immense-contradictions/a-17848131. 
  95. ↑ "Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri: A Complex Man Full Of Contradictions" (in en). Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 2013-01-17. https://www.rferl.org/a/qadri-pakistan-politics/24840142.html. 

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