Biology:FMO2
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Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FMO2 gene.[1][2][3]
The flavin-containing monooxygenases are NADPH-dependent enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of many drugs and xenobiotics. In most mammals, there is a flavin-containing monooxygenase that catalyzes the N-oxidation of some primary alkylamines through an N-hydroxylamine intermediate. However, in humans, this enzyme is truncated and is probably rapidly degraded. The protein encoded by this gene represents the truncated form and apparently has no catalytic activity. A functional allele found in African Americans has been reported, but no sequence evidence has been deposited to support the finding. This gene is found in a cluster with the FMO1, FMO3, and FMO4 genes on chromosome 1.[3]
References
- ↑ "Cloning, primary sequence and chromosomal localization of human FMO2, a new member of the flavin-containing mono-oxygenase family". Biochem J. 287 ( Pt 1): 261–7. Nov 1992. doi:10.1042/bj2870261. PMID 1417778.
- ↑ "The flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 gene (FMO2) of humans, but not of other primates, encodes a truncated, nonfunctional protein". J Biol Chem 273 (46): 30599–607. Dec 1998. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.46.30599. PMID 9804831.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: FMO2 flavin containing monooxygenase 2 (non-functional)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2327.
Further reading
- "The mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenases: molecular characterization and regulation of expression.". Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 125 (1): 1–6. 1994. doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1042. PMID 8128486.
- "Molecular cloning of the flavin-containing monooxygenase (form II) cDNA from adult human liver.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (5): 1685–9. 1992. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.5.1685. PMID 1542660. Bibcode: 1992PNAS...89.1685L.
- "The molecular biology of the flavin-containing monooxygenases of man.". Chem. Biol. Interact. 96 (1): 17–32. 1995. doi:10.1016/0009-2797(94)03580-2. PMID 7720101.
- "A nomenclature for the mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family based on amino acid sequence identities.". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 308 (1): 254–7. 1994. doi:10.1006/abbi.1994.1035. PMID 8311461.
- "Localization of human flavin-containing monooxygenase genes FMO2 and FMO5 to chromosome 1q.". Genomics 34 (3): 426–9. 1996. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0308. PMID 8786146.
- "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery.". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. 1997. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
- "Ethnic differences in human flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 (FMO2) polymorphisms: detection of expressed protein in African-Americans.". Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 168 (3): 216–24. 2000. doi:10.1006/taap.2000.9050. PMID 11042094.
- "Identification of active flavin-containing monooxygenase isoform 2 in human lung and characterization of expressed protein.". Drug Metab. Dispos. 30 (1): 34–41. 2002. doi:10.1124/dmd.30.1.34. PMID 11744609.
- "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.
- "Identification of novel variants of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family in African Americans.". Drug Metab. Dispos. 31 (2): 187–93. 2003. doi:10.1124/dmd.31.2.187. PMID 12527699.
- "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. 2004. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
- "Haplotype and functional analysis of four flavin-containing monooxygenase isoform 2 (FMO2) polymorphisms in Hispanics.". Pharmacogenet. Genomics 15 (4): 245–56. 2005. doi:10.1097/01213011-200504000-00008. PMID 15864117.
- "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.". Nature 441 (7091): 315–21. 2006. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414. Bibcode: 2006Natur.441..315G.
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