Biology:Gene density

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Short description: Ratio of number of genes per number of base pairs

In genetics, the gene density of an organism's genome is the ratio of the number of genes per number of base pairs, usually written in terms of a million base pairs, or megabase (Mb). The human genome has a gene density of 11-15 genes/Mb, while the genome of the C. elegans roundworm is estimated to have 200.[1]

Seemingly simple organisms, such as bacteria and amoebas, have a much higher gene density than humans. Bacterial DNA has a gene density on the order of 500-1000 genes/Mb. This is due several factors, including that the fact that bacterial DNA has no introns. There are also fewer codons in bacterial genes.[2]

Species

protozoa

species number of genes base pairs in genome (Mb) gene density
Babesia microti 3,685[3] 6.4[4] 575.8
Besnoitia besnoiti 8,546[5] 58.8[6] 145.3
Cryptosporidium parvum 3,887[7] 9.1[8] 427.1
Giardia intestinalis 5,388[9] 11.5[10] 468.5
Leishmania donovani 8,123[11] 32.4[12] 250.7
Plasmodium falciparum 5,683[13] 23.5[14] 241.8
Phytophthora infestans 19,344[15] 203.2[16] 95.2
Tetrahymena thermophila 26,996[17] 130.4[18] 207
Theileria parva 4,141[19] 8.3[20] 498.9
Toxoplasma gondii 8,925[21] 64.5[22] 138.4
Trypanosoma cruzi 25,183[23] 32.5[24] 774.9

fungi

species number of genes base pairs in genome (Mb) gene density
Agaricus bisporus 11,459[25] 30.7[26] 373.3
Aspergillus nidulans 9,586[27] 30.6[28] 313.3
Aspergillus niger 10,828[29] 35.6[30] 304.2
Candida albicans 6,263[31] 14.7[32] 426.1
Cryptococcus neoformans 7,004[33] 18.6[34] 376.5
Debaryomyces hansenii 6,495[35] 12.1[36] 536.8
Encephalitozoon cuniculi 2,029[37] 2.3[38] 882.2
Eremothecium gossypii 5,356[39] 9.1[40] 588.6
Fusarium oxysporum 21,354[41] 52.4[42] 407.5
Kluyveromyces lactis 5,335[43] 10.6[44] 503.3
Lasiodiplodia theobromae 13,054[45] 43.6[46] 299.4
Neurospora crassa 10,590[47] 41.3[48] 256.4
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 6,445[49] 11.9[50] 541.6
Saccharomyces paradoxus 5,840[51] 12[52] 486.6
Schizosaccharomyces pombe 6,974[53] 12.8[54] 544.8
Talaromyces marneffei 10,138[55] 28.3[56] 358.2
Tremella mesenterica 8,292[57] 27.9[58] 297.2
Trichoderma harzianum 14,294[59] 40.7[60] 351.2
Trichophyton rubrum 8,804[61] 23.1[62] 381.1
Ustilago maydis 6,909[63] 19.9[64] 347.2
Wallemia ichthyophaga 5,000[65] 9.5[66] 526.3
Yarrowia lipolytica 7,144[67] 20.3[68] 351.9

plants

species common name number of genes base pairs in genome (Mb) gene density
Ananas comosus pineapple 25,758 382[69] 67.4
Arabidopsis thaliana thale cress 38,311[70] 119[71] 321.9
Asparagus officinalis asparagus 32,237[72] 1,187[73] 27.2
Brassica rapa field mustard 51,592[74] 333[75] 154.9
Cannabis sativa cannabis 31,170[76] 876[77] 35.6
Cajanus cajan pigeon pea 33,495[78] 593[79] 56.5
Capsicum annuum pepper 41,729[80] 2,909[81] 14.3
Coffea arabica coffee 56,902[82] 1,094[83] 52
Glycine max soybean 59,905[84] 995.7[85] 60.2
Juglans regia English walnut 37,996[86] 634.7[87] 59.9
Nicotiana tabacum tobacco 74,273[88] 3,734.2[89] 19.9
Olea europaea olive 47,911[90] 1,316.7[91] 36.4
Oryza sativa rice 35,223[92] 385[93] 91.5
Panicum hallii grass 31,528[94] 511.6[95] 61.6
Physcomitrium patens spreading earthmoss 23,747[96] 472[97] 50.3
Prunus dulcis almond 26,936[98] 236.9[99] 113.7
Prunus persica peach 26,412[100] 214.2[101] 123.3
Punica granatum pomegrante 29,281[102] 308.4[103] 94.9
Rosa chinensis rose 40,349[104] 513.9[105] 78.5
Solanum lycopersicum tomato 31,263[106] 813[107] 38.5
Solanum tuberosum potato 33,606[108] 760[109] 44.2
Theobroma cacao cocoa 24,957[110] 335[111] 74.5
Zea mays corn 49,796[112] 2,197[113] 22.7

invertebrate

invertebrate species
species common name number of genes base pairs in genome (Mb) gene density
Aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito 19,623[114] 1,274[115] 15.4
Anopheles gambiae African malaria mosquito 13,247[116] 250[117] 53
Apis mellifera honey bee 12,374[118] 226[119] 54.8
Caenorhabditis elegans C. elegans 47,632[120] 102[121] 467
Daphnia magna water flea 21,549[122] 126[123] 171
Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly 17,868[124] 137[125] 130.4
Hydra vulgaris hydra 22,980[126] 1,055[127] 21.8
Limulus polyphemus horseshoe crab 27,318[128] 1,828[129] 14.9
Octopus sinensis octopus 29,784[130] 2,719[131] 11
Pediculus humanus human louse 10,993[132] 110[133] 99.9
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus purple sea urchin 33,504[134] 921[135] 36.4

vertebrate non-mammals

species common name number of genes base pairs in genome (Mb) gene density
Alligator mississippiensis American alligator 25,279[136] 2,161[137] 11.7
Anolis carolinensis anole lizard 22,293[138] 1,799[139] 12.4
Astyanax mexicanus Mexican tetra 31,695[140] 1,263[141] 25.1
Columba livia pigeon 26,679[142] 1,063[143] 25.1
Danio rerio zebrafish 47,350[144] 1,408[145] 33.6
Gallus gallus chicken 24,402[146] 1,043[147] 23.4
Nothobranchius furzeri turquoise killifish 25,387[148] 1,052[149] 24.1
Oryzias latipes Japanese rice fish 26,846[150] 746[151] 36
Petromyzon marinus sea lamprey 22,167[152] 987[153] 22.5
Taeniopygia guttata zebra finch 21,543[154] 1,069[155] 20.2
Takifugu rubripes Japanese puffer 27,413[156] 384[157] 71.8
Xenopus tropicalis tropical clawed frog 28,863[158] 1,468[159] 19.7
Xenopus laevis African clawed frog 37,283[160] 2,718[161] 13.7

vertebrate mammals

species common name number of genes base pairs in genome (Mb) gene density
Acinonyx jubatus cheetah 34,482[162] 2,378[163] 14.5
Ailuropoda melanoleuca giant panda 32,950[164] 2,371[165] 13.9
Aotus nancymaae night monkey 31,331[166] 2,861[167] 11
Artibeus jamaicensis Jamaican fruit-eating bat 31,480[168] 2,316[169] 13.6
Arvicanthis niloticus African grass rat 31,912[170] 2,496[171] 12.8
Balaenoptera acutorostrata minke whale 26,805[172] 2,431[173] 11
Balaenoptera musculus blue whale 27,194[174] 2,105[175] 12.9
Bison bison American bison 27,488[176] 2,828[177] 9.7
Bos mutus wild yak 26,159[178] 2,703[179] 9.7
Bos taurus cattle 35,061[180] 2,715[181] 12.9
Canis lupus familiaris dog 36,717[182] 2,370[183] 15.5
Chinchilla lanigera long-tailed chinchilla 30,378[184] 2,390[185] 12.7
Felis catus cat 35,521[186] 2,521[187] 14
Gorilla gorilla gorilla 35,419[188] 3,063[189] 11.6
Homo sapiens human 44,507[190] 2,861[191] 15.5
Macaca mulatta Rhesus monkey 40,164[192] 2,970[193] 13.5
Mus musculus house mouse 42,823[194] 2,689[195] 15.9
Pan troglodytes chimpanzee 40,769[196] 3,050[197] 13.4
Rattus norvegicus brown rat 38,371[198] 2,743[199] 14
Sus scrofa pig 30,345[200] 2,459[201] 12.3

Gene count is calculated by the number of gene flags in the latest version of a given species gtf annotation file. Bear in mind that well studied organisms will probably have higher gene counts because these species have better annotation, therefore these numbers are estimates for comparison.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Science Reference: Gene". Science Daily. https://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/g/gene.htm. Retrieved 2013-10-15. 
  2. ↑ Sands, Jeff. "Genomes of Bacteria". Lehigh University. http://www.lehigh.edu/~jas0/G16.html. Retrieved 2013-10-15. 
  3. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/protozoa/Babesia_microti/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000691945.2_ASM69194v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/protozoa/Babesia_microti/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000691945.2_ASM69194v2/. 
  4. ↑ "Babesia microti (ID 11700) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Babesia_microti+%5Borgn%5D. 
  5. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/protozoa/Besnoitia_besnoiti/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002563875.1_Bbes1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/protozoa/Besnoitia_besnoiti/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002563875.1_Bbes1.0/. 
  6. ↑ "Besnoitia besnoiti (ID 62526) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Besnoitia_besnoiti%5Borgn%5D. 
  7. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/protozoa/Cryptosporidium_parvum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000165345.1_ASM16534v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/protozoa/Cryptosporidium_parvum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000165345.1_ASM16534v1/. 
  8. ↑ "Cryptosporidium parvum (ID 29) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Cryptosporidium_parvum+%5Borgn%5D. 
  9. ↑ "Giardia intestinalis (ID 26) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Giardia_intestinalis%5Borgn%5D. 
  10. ↑ "Giardia intestinalis (ID 26) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Giardia_intestinalis+%5Borgn%5D. 
  11. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/protozoa/Leishmania_donovani/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000227135.1_ASM22713v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/protozoa/Leishmania_donovani/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000227135.1_ASM22713v2/. 
  12. ↑ "Leishmania donovani (ID 3516) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Leishmania_donovani+%5Borgn%5D. 
  13. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/protozoa/Plasmodium_falciparum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002765.5_GCA_000002765". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/protozoa/Plasmodium_falciparum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002765.5_GCA_000002765/. 
  14. ↑ "Plasmodium falciparum (ID 33) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Plasmodium_falciparum+%5Borgn%5D. 
  15. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/protozoa/Phytophthora_infestans/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000142945.1_ASM14294v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/protozoa/Phytophthora_infestans/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000142945.1_ASM14294v1/. 
  16. ↑ "Phytophthora infestans (ID 293) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Phytophthora_infestans%5Borgn%5D. 
  17. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/protozoa/Tetrahymena_thermophila/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000189635.1_JCVI-TTA1-2.2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/protozoa/Tetrahymena_thermophila/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000189635.1_JCVI-TTA1-2.2/. 
  18. ↑ "Tetrahymena thermophila (ID 222) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Tetrahymena_thermophila+%5Borgn%5D. 
  19. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/protozoa/Theileria_parva/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000165365.1_ASM16536v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/protozoa/Theileria_parva/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000165365.1_ASM16536v1/. 
  20. ↑ "Theileria parva (ID 38) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Theileria_parva%5Borgn%5D. 
  21. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/protozoa/Toxoplasma_gondii/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000006565.2_TGA4". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/protozoa/Toxoplasma_gondii/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000006565.2_TGA4/. 
  22. ↑ "Toxoplasma gondii (ID 30) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Toxoplasma_gondii%5Borgn%5D. 
  23. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/protozoa/Trypanosoma_cruzi/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000209065.1_ASM20906v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/protozoa/Trypanosoma_cruzi/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000209065.1_ASM20906v1/. 
  24. ↑ "Trypanosoma cruzi (ID 25) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Trypanosoma_cruzi+%5Borgn%5D. 
  25. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Agaricus_bisporus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000300555.1_Agabi_varbur_1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Agaricus_bisporus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000300555.1_Agabi_varbur_1/. 
  26. ↑ "Agaricus bisporus (ID 858) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Agaricus+bisporus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  27. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Aspergillus_nidulans/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000149205.2_ASM14920v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Aspergillus_nidulans/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000149205.2_ASM14920v2/. 
  28. ↑ "Aspergillus nidulans (ID 17) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Aspergillus+nidulans+%5Borgn%5D. 
  29. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Aspergillus_niger/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002855.3_ASM285v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Aspergillus_niger/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002855.3_ASM285v2/. 
  30. ↑ "Aspergillus niger (ID 429) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Aspergillus_niger+%5Borgn%5D. 
  31. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Candida_albicans/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000182965.3_ASM18296v3". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Candida_albicans/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000182965.3_ASM18296v3/. 
  32. ↑ "Candida albicans (ID 21) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Candida+albicans+%5Borgn%5D. 
  33. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Cryptococcus_neoformans/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000091045.1_ASM9104v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Cryptococcus_neoformans/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000091045.1_ASM9104v1/. 
  34. ↑ "Cryptococcus neoformans (ID 61) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Cryptococcus_neoformans%5Borgn%5D. 
  35. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Debaryomyces_hansenii/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000006445.2_ASM644v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Debaryomyces_hansenii/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000006445.2_ASM644v2/. 
  36. ↑ "Debaryomyces hansenii (ID 195) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Debaryomyces_hansenii%5Borgn%5D. 
  37. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Encephalitozoon_cuniculi/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000091225.1_ASM9122v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Encephalitozoon_cuniculi/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000091225.1_ASM9122v1/. 
  38. ↑ "Encephalitozoon cuniculi (ID 39) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Encephalitozoon_cuniculi%5Borgn%5D. 
  39. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Eremothecium_gossypii/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000091025.4_ASM9102v4". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Eremothecium_gossypii/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000091025.4_ASM9102v4/. 
  40. ↑ "Eremothecium gossypii (ID 74) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Eremothecium+gossypii+%5Borgn%5D. 
  41. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Fusarium_oxysporum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000149955.1_ASM14995v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Fusarium_oxysporum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000149955.1_ASM14995v2/. 
  42. ↑ "Fusarium oxysporum (ID 707) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=fusarium+oxysporum%5Borgn%5D. 
  43. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Kluyveromyces_lactis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002515.2_ASM251v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Kluyveromyces_lactis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002515.2_ASM251v1/. 
  44. ↑ "Kluyveromyces lactis (ID 193) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=kluyveromyces+lactis%5Borgn%5D. 
  45. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Lasiodiplodia_theobromae/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_012971845.1_ASM1297184v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Lasiodiplodia_theobromae/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_012971845.1_ASM1297184v1/. 
  46. ↑ "Lasiodiplodia theobromae (ID 54334) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Lasiodiplodia_theobromae+%5Borgn%5D. 
  47. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Neurospora_crassa/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000182925.2_NC12". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Neurospora_crassa/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000182925.2_NC12/. 
  48. ↑ "Neurospora crassa (ID 19) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Neurospora_crassa++%5Borgn%5D. 
  49. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Saccharomyces_cerevisiae/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000146045.2_R64". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Saccharomyces_cerevisiae/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000146045.2_R64/. 
  50. ↑ "Error encountered - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Saccharomyces_cerevisiae%5Borgn%5D. 
  51. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Saccharomyces_paradoxus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002079055.1_ASM207905v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Saccharomyces_paradoxus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002079055.1_ASM207905v1/. 
  52. ↑ "Saccharomyces paradoxus (ID 66) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Saccharomyces_paradoxus%5Borgn%5D. 
  53. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Schizosaccharomyces_pombe/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002945.1_ASM294v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Schizosaccharomyces_pombe/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002945.1_ASM294v2/. 
  54. ↑ "Schizosaccharomyces pombe (ID 14) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Schizosaccharomyces_pombe%5Borgn%5D. 
  55. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Talaromyces_marneffei/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001985.1_JCVI-PMFA1-2.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Talaromyces_marneffei/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001985.1_JCVI-PMFA1-2.0/. 
  56. ↑ "Talaromyces marneffei (ID 728) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=talaromyces+marneffei%5Borgn%5D. 
  57. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Tremella_mesenterica/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000271645.1_Treme1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Tremella_mesenterica/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000271645.1_Treme1/. 
  58. ↑ "Tremella mesenterica (ID 11041) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Tremella_mesenterica%5Borgn%5D. 
  59. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Trichoderma_harzianum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003025095.1_Triha_v1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Trichoderma_harzianum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003025095.1_Triha_v1.0/. 
  60. ↑ "Trichoderma harzianum (ID 2441) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=trichoderma+harzianum%5Borgn%5D. 
  61. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Trichophyton_rubrum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000151425.1_ASM15142v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Trichophyton_rubrum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000151425.1_ASM15142v1/. 
  62. ↑ "Trichophyton rubrum (ID 799) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Trichophyton_rubrum%5Borgn%5D. 
  63. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Ustilago_maydis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000328475.2_Umaydis521_2.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Ustilago_maydis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000328475.2_Umaydis521_2.0/. 
  64. ↑ "Ustilago maydis (ID 70) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Ustilago+maydis+%5Borgn%5D. 
  65. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Wallemia_ichthyophaga/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000400465.1_Wallemia_ichthyophaga_version_1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Wallemia_ichthyophaga/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000400465.1_Wallemia_ichthyophaga_version_1.0/. 
  66. ↑ "Wallemia ichthyophaga (ID 17303) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Wallemia_ichthyophaga%5Borgn%5D. 
  67. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/fungi/Yarrowia_lipolytica/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002525.2_ASM252v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/fungi/Yarrowia_lipolytica/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002525.2_ASM252v1/. 
  68. ↑ "Yarrowia lipolytica (ID 194) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Yarrowia_lipolytica+%5Borgn%5D. 
  69. ↑ "Ananas comosus (ID 13945) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Ananas_comosus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  70. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Arabidopsis_thaliana/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001735.4_TAIR10.1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Arabidopsis_thaliana/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001735.4_TAIR10.1/. 
  71. ↑ "Arabidopsis thaliana (ID 4) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Arabidopsis_thaliana+%5Borgn%5D. 
  72. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Asparagus_officinalis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_001876935.1_Aspof.V1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Asparagus_officinalis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_001876935.1_Aspof.V1/. 
  73. ↑ "Asparagus officinalis (ID 10978) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Asparagus_officinalis%5Borgn%5D. 
  74. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Brassica_rapa/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000309985.2_CAAS_Brap_v3.01". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Brassica_rapa/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000309985.2_CAAS_Brap_v3.01/. 
  75. ↑ "Brassica rapa (ID 229) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=brassica+rapa+%5Borgn%5D. 
  76. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Cannabis_sativa/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_900626175.2_cs10". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Cannabis_sativa/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_900626175.2_cs10/. 
  77. ↑ "Cannabis sativa (ID 11681) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Cannabis_sativa%5Borgn%5D. 
  78. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Cajanus_cajan/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000340665.1_C.cajan_V1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Cajanus_cajan/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000340665.1_C.cajan_V1.0/. 
  79. ↑ "Cajanus cajan (ID 2878) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Cajanus_cajan+%5Borgn%5D. 
  80. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Capsicum_annuum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000710875.1_Pepper_Zunla_1_Ref_v1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Capsicum_annuum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000710875.1_Pepper_Zunla_1_Ref_v1.0/. 
  81. ↑ "Capsicum annuum (ID 10896) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Capsicum_annuum+%5Borgn%5D. 
  82. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Coffea_arabica/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003713225.1_Cara_1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Coffea_arabica/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003713225.1_Cara_1.0/. 
  83. ↑ "Coffea arabica (ID 77) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/77?genome_assembly_id=418079. 
  84. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Glycine_max/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000004515.5_Glycine_max_v2.1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Glycine_max/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000004515.5_Glycine_max_v2.1/. 
  85. ↑ "Glycine max (ID 5) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Glycine_max%5Borgn%5D. 
  86. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Juglans_regia/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_001411555.2_Walnut_2.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Juglans_regia/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_001411555.2_Walnut_2.0/. 
  87. ↑ "Juglans regia (ID 17683) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Juglans_regia%5Borgn%5D. 
  88. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Nicotiana_tabacum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000715135.1_Ntab-TN90". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Nicotiana_tabacum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000715135.1_Ntab-TN90/. 
  89. ↑ "Nicotiana tabacum (ID 425) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Nicotiana_tabacum%5Borgn%5D. 
  90. ↑ "Olea europaea (ID 10724) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Olea_europaea%5Borgn%5D. 
  91. ↑ "Olea europaea (ID 10724) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Olea_europaea%5Borgn%5D. 
  92. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Oryza_sativa/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_001433935.1_IRGSP-1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Oryza_sativa/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_001433935.1_IRGSP-1.0/. 
  93. ↑ "Oryza sativa (ID 10) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Oryza+sativa%5Borgn%5D. 
  94. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Panicum_hallii/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002211085.1_PHallii_v3.1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Panicum_hallii/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002211085.1_PHallii_v3.1/. 
  95. ↑ "Panicum hallii (ID 12791) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Panicum_hallii%5Borgn%5D. 
  96. ↑ "Physcomitrium patens (ID 383) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Physcomitrium_patens. 
  97. ↑ "Physcomitrium patens (ID 383) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Physcomitrium_patens. 
  98. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Prunus_dulcis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_902201215.1_ALMONDv2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Prunus_dulcis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_902201215.1_ALMONDv2/. 
  99. ↑ "Prunus dulcis (ID 10947) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Prunus_dulcis+%5Borgn%5D. 
  100. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Prunus_persica/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000346465.2_Prunus_persica_NCBIv2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Prunus_persica/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000346465.2_Prunus_persica_NCBIv2/. 
  101. ↑ "Prunus persica (ID 388) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Prunus+persica%5Borgn%5D. 
  102. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Punica_granatum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_007655135.1_ASM765513v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Punica_granatum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_007655135.1_ASM765513v2/. 
  103. ↑ "Punica granatum (ID 13946) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Punica_granatum%5Borgn%5D. 
  104. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Rosa_chinensis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002994745.1_RchiOBHm-V2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Rosa_chinensis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002994745.1_RchiOBHm-V2/. 
  105. ↑ "Rosa chinensis (ID 11715) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Rosa_chinensis%5Borgn%5D. 
  106. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Solanum_lycopersicum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000188115.4_SL3.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Solanum_lycopersicum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000188115.4_SL3.0/. 
  107. ↑ "Solanum lycopersicum (ID 7) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Solanum_lycopersicum%5Borgn%5D. 
  108. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Solanum_tuberosum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000226075.1_SolTub_3.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Solanum_tuberosum/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000226075.1_SolTub_3.0/. 
  109. ↑ "Solanum tuberosum (ID 400) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Solanum_tuberosum%5Borgn%5D. 
  110. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Theobroma_cacao/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000208745.1_Criollo_cocoa_genome_V2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Theobroma_cacao/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000208745.1_Criollo_cocoa_genome_V2/. 
  111. ↑ "Theobroma cacao (ID 572) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Theobroma_cacao%5Borgn%5D. 
  112. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/plant/Zea_mays/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_902167145.1_Zm-B73-REFERENCE-NAM-5.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/plant/Zea_mays/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_902167145.1_Zm-B73-REFERENCE-NAM-5.0/. 
  113. ↑ "Zea mays (ID 12) - Genome - NCBI" (in en). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Zea_mays%5Borgn%5D. 
  114. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Aedes_aegypti/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002204515.2_AaegL5.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Aedes_aegypti/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002204515.2_AaegL5.0/. 
  115. ↑ "Aedes aegypti (ID 44) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Aedes_aegypti%5Borgn%5D. 
  116. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Anopheles_gambiae/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000005575.2_AgamP3". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Anopheles_gambiae/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000005575.2_AgamP3/. 
  117. ↑ "Anopheles gambiae (ID 46) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Anopheles_gambiae%5Borgn%5D. 
  118. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Apis_mellifera/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003254395.2_Amel_HAv3.1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Apis_mellifera/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003254395.2_Amel_HAv3.1/. 
  119. ↑ "Apis mellifera (ID 48) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Apis_mellifera%5Borgn%5D. 
  120. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Caenorhabditis_elegans/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002985.6_WBcel235". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Caenorhabditis_elegans/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002985.6_WBcel235/. 
  121. ↑ "Caenorhabditis elegans (ID 41) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Caenorhabditis_elegans+%5Borgn%5D. 
  122. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Daphnia_magna/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003990815.1_ASM399081v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Daphnia_magna/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003990815.1_ASM399081v1/. 
  123. ↑ "Daphnia magna (ID 10953) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Daphnia_magna++%5Borgn%5D. 
  124. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Drosophila_melanogaster/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001215.4_Release_6_plus_ISO1_MT". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Drosophila_melanogaster/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001215.4_Release_6_plus_ISO1_MT/. 
  125. ↑ "Drosophila melanogaster (ID 47) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Drosophila_melanogaster+%5Borgn%5D. 
  126. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Hydra_vulgaris/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000004095.1_Hydra_RP_1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Hydra_vulgaris/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000004095.1_Hydra_RP_1.0/. 
  127. ↑ "Hydra vulgaris (ID 12836) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Hydra_vulgaris+%5Borgn%5D. 
  128. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Limulus_polyphemus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000517525.1_Limulus_polyphemus-2.1.2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Limulus_polyphemus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000517525.1_Limulus_polyphemus-2.1.2/. 
  129. ↑ "Limulus polyphemus (ID 787) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Limulus_polyphemus%5Borgn%5D. 
  130. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Octopus_sinensis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_006345805.1_ASM634580v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Octopus_sinensis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_006345805.1_ASM634580v1/. 
  131. ↑ "Octopus sinensis (ID 84214) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Octopus_sinensis++%5Borgn%5D. 
  132. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Pediculus_humanus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000006295.1_JCVI_LOUSE_1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Pediculus_humanus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000006295.1_JCVI_LOUSE_1.0/. 
  133. ↑ "Pediculus humanus (ID 522) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Pediculus_humanus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  134. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Strongylocentrotus_purpuratus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002235.5_Spur_5.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/invertebrate/Strongylocentrotus_purpuratus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002235.5_Spur_5.0/. 
  135. ↑ "Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (ID 86) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Strongylocentrotus_purpuratus%5Borgn%5D. 
  136. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Alligator_mississippiensis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000281125.3_ASM28112v4". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Alligator_mississippiensis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000281125.3_ASM28112v4/. 
  137. ↑ "Alligator mississippiensis (ID 13409) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Alligator_mississippiensis+%5Borgn%5D. 
  138. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Anolis_carolinensis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000090745.1_AnoCar2.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Anolis_carolinensis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000090745.1_AnoCar2.0/. 
  139. ↑ "Anolis carolinensis (ID 708) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Anolis+carolinensis+%5Borgn%5D. 
  140. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Astyanax_mexicanus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000372685.2_Astyanax_mexicanus-2.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Astyanax_mexicanus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000372685.2_Astyanax_mexicanus-2.0/. 
  141. ↑ "Astyanax mexicanus (ID 13073) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Astyanax_mexicanus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  142. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Columba_livia/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000337935.1_Cliv_1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Columba_livia/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000337935.1_Cliv_1.0/. 
  143. ↑ "Columba livia (ID 10719) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Columba_livia+%5Borgn%5D. 
  144. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Danio_rerio/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002035.6_GRCz11". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Danio_rerio/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002035.6_GRCz11/. 
  145. ↑ "Danio rerio (ID 50) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Danio_rerio+%5Borgn%5D. 
  146. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Gallus_gallus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002315.6_GRCg6a". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Gallus_gallus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002315.6_GRCg6a/. 
  147. ↑ "Gallus gallus (ID 111) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Gallus_gallus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  148. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Nothobranchius_furzeri/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_001465895.1_Nfu_20140520". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Nothobranchius_furzeri/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_001465895.1_Nfu_20140520/. 
  149. ↑ "Nothobranchius furzeri (ID 2642) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Nothobranchius_furzeri+%5Borgn%5D. 
  150. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Oryzias_latipes/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002234675.1_ASM223467v1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Oryzias_latipes/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002234675.1_ASM223467v1/. 
  151. ↑ "Oryzias latipes (ID 542) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Oryzias_latipes+%5Borgn%5D. 
  152. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Petromyzon_marinus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_010993605.1_kPetMar1.pri". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Petromyzon_marinus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_010993605.1_kPetMar1.pri/. 
  153. ↑ "Petromyzon marinus (ID 287) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Petromyzon_marinus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  154. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Taeniopygia_guttata/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_008822105.2_bTaeGut2.pat.W.v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Taeniopygia_guttata/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_008822105.2_bTaeGut2.pat.W.v2/. 
  155. ↑ "Taeniopygia guttata (ID 367) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Taeniopygia_guttata+%5Borgn%5D. 
  156. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Takifugu_rubripes/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_901000725.2_fTakRub1.2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Takifugu_rubripes/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_901000725.2_fTakRub1.2/. 
  157. ↑ "Takifugu rubripes (ID 63) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Takifugu_rubripes+%5Borgn%5D. 
  158. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Xenopus_tropicalis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000004195.4_UCB_Xtro_10.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Xenopus_tropicalis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000004195.4_UCB_Xtro_10.0/. 
  159. ↑ "Xenopus tropicalis (ID 80) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Xenopus_tropicalis+%5Borgn%5D. 
  160. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Xenopus_laevis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_001663975.1_Xenopus_laevis_v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_other/Xenopus_laevis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_001663975.1_Xenopus_laevis_v2/. 
  161. ↑ "Xenopus laevis (ID 81) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Xenopus_laevis+%5Borgn%5D. 
  162. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Acinonyx_jubatus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003709585.1_Aci_jub_2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Acinonyx_jubatus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003709585.1_Aci_jub_2/. 
  163. ↑ "Acinonyx jubatus (ID 14623) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Acinonyx+jubatus%5Borgn%5D. 
  164. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Ailuropoda_melanoleuca/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002007445.1_ASM200744v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Ailuropoda_melanoleuca/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002007445.1_ASM200744v2/. 
  165. ↑ "Ailuropoda melanoleuca (ID 2702) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Ailuropoda+melanoleuca+%5Borgn%5D. 
  166. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Aotus_nancymaae/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000952055.2_Anan_2.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Aotus_nancymaae/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000952055.2_Anan_2.0/. 
  167. ↑ "Aotus nancymaae (ID 14430) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Aotus_nancymaae%5Borgn%5D. 
  168. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Artibeus_jamaicensis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_014825515.1_WHU_Ajam_v2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Artibeus_jamaicensis/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_014825515.1_WHU_Ajam_v2/. 
  169. ↑ "Artibeus jamaicensis (ID 12026) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Artibeus_jamaicensis+%5Borgn%5D. 
  170. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Arvicanthis_niloticus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_011762505.1_mArvNil1.pat.X". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Arvicanthis_niloticus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_011762505.1_mArvNil1.pat.X/. 
  171. ↑ "Arvicanthis niloticus (ID 88356) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Arvicanthis_niloticus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  172. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Balaenoptera_acutorostrata/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000493695.1_BalAcu1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Balaenoptera_acutorostrata/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000493695.1_BalAcu1.0/. 
  173. ↑ "Balaenoptera acutorostrata (ID 10769) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Balaenoptera_acutorostrata%5Borgn%5D. 
  174. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Balaenoptera_musculus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_009873245.2_mBalMus1.pri.v3". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Balaenoptera_musculus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_009873245.2_mBalMus1.pri.v3/. 
  175. ↑ "Balaenoptera musculus (ID 7017) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Balaenoptera_musculus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  176. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Bison_bison/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000754665.1_Bison_UMD1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Bison_bison/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000754665.1_Bison_UMD1.0/. 
  177. ↑ "Bison bison (ID 8907) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Bison_bison%5Borgn%5D. 
  178. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Bos_mutus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000298355.1_BosGru_v2.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Bos_mutus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000298355.1_BosGru_v2.0/. 
  179. ↑ "Bos mutus (ID 23015) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Bos_mutus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  180. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Bos_taurus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002263795.1_ARS-UCD1.2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Bos_taurus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002263795.1_ARS-UCD1.2/. 
  181. ↑ "Bos taurus (ID 82) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Bos_taurus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  182. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Canis_lupus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002285.3_CanFam3.1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Canis_lupus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000002285.3_CanFam3.1/. 
  183. ↑ "Canis lupus familiaris (ID 85) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/85. 
  184. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Chinchilla_lanigera/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000276665.1_ChiLan1.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Chinchilla_lanigera/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000276665.1_ChiLan1.0/. 
  185. ↑ "Chinchilla lanigera (ID 10466) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Chinchilla_lanigera+%5Borgn%5D. 
  186. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Felis_catus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000181335.3_Felis_catus_9.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Felis_catus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000181335.3_Felis_catus_9.0/. 
  187. ↑ "Felis catus (ID 78) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Felis_catus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  188. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Gorilla_gorilla/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_008122165.1_Kamilah_GGO_v0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Gorilla_gorilla/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_008122165.1_Kamilah_GGO_v0/. 
  189. ↑ "Gorilla gorilla (ID 2156) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Gorilla_gorilla+%5Borgn%5D. 
  190. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Homo_sapiens/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001405.39_GRCh38.p13". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Homo_sapiens/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001405.39_GRCh38.p13/. 
  191. ↑ "Homo sapiens (ID 51) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=homo+sapiens%5Borgn%5D. 
  192. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Macaca_mulatta/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003339765.1_Mmul_10". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Macaca_mulatta/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_003339765.1_Mmul_10/. 
  193. ↑ "Macaca mulatta (ID 215) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Macaca_mulatta+%5Borgn%5D. 
  194. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Mus_musculus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001635.27_GRCm39". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Mus_musculus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001635.27_GRCm39/. 
  195. ↑ "Mus musculus (ID 52) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Mus_musculus+%5Borgn%5D. 
  196. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Pan_troglodytes/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002880755.1_Clint_PTRv2". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Pan_troglodytes/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_002880755.1_Clint_PTRv2/. 
  197. ↑ "Pan troglodytes (ID 202) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Pan_troglodytes%5Borgn%5D. 
  198. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Rattus_norvegicus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001895.5_Rnor_6.0". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Rattus_norvegicus/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000001895.5_Rnor_6.0/. 
  199. ↑ "Rattus norvegicus (ID 73) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Rattus_norvegicus. 
  200. ↑ "Index of /genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Sus_scrofa/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000003025.6_Sscrofa11.1". https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/refseq/vertebrate_mammalian/Sus_scrofa/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_000003025.6_Sscrofa11.1/. 
  201. ↑ "Sus scrofa (ID 84) - Genome - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/?term=Sus_scrofa+%5Borgn%5D. 



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