Biology:List of endangered flora of Connecticut

Short description: None

Flora of Connecticut that are considered endangered species.

Key

• E - Endangered
• T - Threatened
• SC - Special Concern
• SCE - Special Concern, believed extirpated

Adoxaceae (Moschatel family)

• Viburnum nudum (Possum haw, SCE)
• Viburnum prunifolium (Smooth black-haw, T)

Alismataceae (Water-plaintain family)

• Echinodorus tenellus (Bur-head, E) a.k.a. Helanthium tenellum
• Sagittaria cuneata (Northern arrowhead, E)
• Sagittaria subulata (Awl-leaved arrowhead, SC)
• Sagittaria teres (Quill-leaved arrowhead, E)

Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family)

• Amaranthus pumilus (Sea-beach amaranth, SCE, federally threatened)
• Atriplex glabriuscula (Bracted orache, SC)
• Chenopodium rubrum (Red goosefoot, SCE) a.k.a. Oxybasis rubra

Anacardiaceae (Cashew or sumac family)

• Rhus aromatica (Fragrant sumac, SCE, Native populations only)

Apiaceae a.k.a. Umbelliferae (Celery, carrot or parsley family)

• Angelica lucida (Sea-coast angelica, E)
• Angelica venenosa (Hairy angelica, SCE)
• Ligusticum scoticum (Scotch lovage, E)
• Lilaeopsis chinensis (Lilaeopsis, SC)
• Taenidia integerrima (Yellow pimpernel, E)
• Zizia aptera (Golden Alexanders, E)

Apocynaceae (Dogbane family)

• Asclepias purpurascens (Purple milkweed, SC)
• Asclepias variegata (White milkweed, SCE)
• Asclepias viridiflora (Green milkweed) (E)

Araceae (Arum or aroid family)

• Orontium aquaticum (Golden club, SC)

Araliaceae (Aralia or ivy family)

• Hydrocotyle umbellata (Water pennywort, E)
• Hydrocotyle verticillata (Whorled pennywort, E)
• Panax quinquefolius (American ginseng, SC)

Aristolochiaceae (Birthwort family)

• Endodeca serpentaria (Virginia snakeroot, SC a.k.a. Aristolochia serpentaria)

Aquifoliaceae (Holly family)

• Ilex glabra (Inkberry, T, native populations only)

Asparagaceae

• Maianthemum trifolium (Three-leaved false Solomon's-seal, T)

Aspleniaceae

• Asplenium montanum (Mountain spleenwort, SC)
• Asplenium ruta-muraria (Wallrue spleenwort, T)
• Diplazium pycnocarpon (Narrow-leaved glade fern, E)

Asteraceae (Aster, daisy, composite, or sunflower family)

• Ageratina aromatica (Small white snakeroot, E)
• Antennaria howellii ssp. petaloidea (Field pussytoes, SCE)
• Bidens beckii (Beck's water-marigold, SC)
• Bidens eatonii (Eaton's beggarticks, E)
• Cirsium horridulum (Yellow thistle, E)
• Doellingeria infirma (Appalachian white-aster, SCE)
• Eupatorium album (White thoroughwort, E)
• Eurybia radula (Rough aster, E)
• Eurybia spectabilis (Showy aster, T)
• Gamochaeta purpurea (Purple cudweed, SCE)
• Krigia biflora (Two-flowered cynthia, T)
• Liatris novae-angliae (New England blazing-star, SC)
• Oclemena nemoralis (Bog aster, E)
• Oligoneuron album (Prairie goldenrod, a.k.a. Solidago ptarmicoides, E)
• Oligoneuron rigidum (Stiff goldenrod, a.k.a. Solidago rigida, E)
• Packera anonyma (Small's ragwort, E)
• Packera paupercula (Balsam groundsel, E)
• Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Sweet coltsfoot, T)
• Pityopsis falcata (Sickle-leaved golden aster, E)
• Polymnia canadensis (Small-flowered leafcup, E)
• Senecio suaveolens (Sweet-scented Indian-plantain, E)
• Solidago aestivalis (Early wrinkle-leaved goldenrod, SCE, also called rugosa)
• Solidago latissimifolia (Elliott's goldenrod, SCE)
• Symphyotrichum prenanthoides (Crooked-stem aster, SCE)

Betulaceae (Birch family)

• Betula pumila (Swamp birch, T)

Boraginaceae (Borage or forget-me-not family)

• Cynoglossum virginianum (Wild comfrey, SC)
• Hydrophyllum virginianum (Virginia waterleaf, SC)
• Onosmodium virginianum (Gravel-weed E, a.k.a. Lithospermum virginianum)

Brassicaceae (Mustards, crucifers, or cabbage family)

• Cardamine douglassii (Purple cress, SC)
• Draba reptans (Whitlow-grass, SC)

Cactaceae (Cactus family)

• Opuntia humifusa (Eastern prickly pear, SC)

Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle family)

• Linnaea borealis ssp. americana (Twinflower, E)
• Triosteum angustifolium (Narrow-leaved horse gentian, E)
• Valerianella radiata (Beaked corn-salad, SCE)

Caryophyllaceae (Pink or carnation family)

• Honckenya peploides (Seabeach sandwort, SC)
• Minuartia glabra (Mountain sandwort, E)
• Moehringia macrophylla (Large-leaved sandwort, E)
• Paronychia fastigiata (Hairy forked chickweed, SCE)
• Silene stellata (Starry campion, T)
• Spergularia canadensis (Canada sand-spurry, T)
• Stellaria borealis (Northern stitchwort, SC)

Celastraceae (Staff vine or bittersweet family)

• Celastrus scandens (American bittersweet, SC)

Cistaceae (Rock rose or Rock-rose family)

• Crocanthemum dumosum (Bushy frostweed, SCE a.k.a. Helianthemum dumosum)
• Crocanthemum propinquum (Low frostweed, SC a.k.a. Helianthemum propinquum)
• Hudsonia ericoides (Golden heather, E)
• Hudsonia tomentosa (Woolly beach-heather, T)
• Lechea racemulosa (Illinois pinweed, SCE)

Cleomaceae

• Polanisia dodecandra (Clammy-weed, SCE)

Colchicaceae

• Uvularia grandiflora (Large-flowered bellwort, E)

Convolvulaceae (Bindweed or morning glory family)

• Calystegia silvatica (Short-stalked false bindweed, SCE)
• Calystegia spithamaea (Low bindweed, SCE)
• Cuscuta coryli (Hazel dodder, SCE)

Crassulaceae (Stonecrop or orpine family)

• Crassula aquatica (Pygmyweed, E)

Cupressaceae (Cypress family)

• Thuja occidentalis (Northern white cedar, native populations only, T)

Cyperaceae (Sedge family)

• Bolboschoenus maritimus ssp. paludosus (Bayonet Grass, SC)
• Bolboschoenus novae-angliae (Salt marsh bulrush, SC)
• Carex aestivalis (Summer sedge, SC)
• Carex alata (Broadwing sedge, E)
• Carex alopecoidea (Foxtail sedge T)
• Carex aquatilis ssp. altior (Water sedge, SC)
• Carex backii (Back's sedge, E)
• Carex barrattii (Barratt's sedge, E)
• Carex bushii (Bush's sedge, SC)
• Carex buxbaumii (Brown bog sedge, E)
• Carex castanea (Chestnut-colored sedge, E)
• Carex collinsii (Collins' sedge, SCE)
• Carex crawei (Crawe's sedge, T)
• Carex crawfordii (Crawford sedge, SCE)
• Carex cumulata (Clustered Sedge, T)
• Carex davisii (Davis' sedge, T)
• Carex foenea (Bronze sedge, SC a.k.a. Carex siccata)
• Carex formosa (Handsome sedge, T)
• Carex hitchcockiana (Hitchcock's sedge, SC)
• Carex limosa (Mud sedge, T)
• Carex magellanica (Boreal bog sedge, E)
• Carex molesta (Troublesome sedge, SC)
• Carex nigromarginata (Black-edge sedge, SCE)
• Carex novae-angliae (New England sedge, SC)
• Carex oligocarpa (Eastern few-fruit sedge, SC)
• Carex oligosperma (Few-seeded sedge, SCE)
• Carex pauciflora (Few-flowered sedge, SCE)
• Carex polymorpha (Variable sedge, E)
• Carex prairea (Prairie sedge, SC)
• Carex pseudocyperus (Cyperus-like sedge, E)
• Carex reznicekii (Reznicek's sedge, E)
• Carex schweinitzii (Schweinitz's sedge, E)
• Carex siccata (Bronze sedge, SC)
• Carex sterilis (Dioecious sedge, SC)
• Carex trichocarpa (Hairy-fruited sedge, SC)
• Carex tuckermanii (Tuckerman's sedge, SC)
• Carex typhina (Cattail sedge, SC)
• Carex viridula (Little green sedge, E)
• Carex willdenowii (Willdenow's sedge, E)
• Eleocharis equisetoides (Horsetail spikesedge, E)
• Eleocharis microcarpa var. filiculmis (Small-fruited spikesedge, SCE)
• Eleocharis quadrangulata var. crassior (Square-stemmed spikesedge, E)
• Eriophorum vaginatum var. spissum (Hare's tail, T)
• Lipocarpha micrantha (Dwarf bulrush, T)
• Rhynchospora capillacea (Needle beaksedge, E)
• Rhynchospora macrostachya (Tall beaksedge, T)
• Rhynchospora scirpoides (Long-beaked beaksedge, E)
• Schoenoplectus acutus (Hard-stemmed bullrush, T)
• Schoenoplectus torreyi (Torrey bulrush, T)
• Scirpus georgianus (Georgia bulrush, SCE)
• Scirpus longii (Long's bulrush, SCE)
• Scleria pauciflora var. caroliniana (Few-flowered nutrush, E)
• Scleria reticularis (Reticulated nutrush, E)
• Scleria triglomerata (Whip nutrush, E)
• Scleria verticillata (Low nutrush, SCE)
• Trichophorum alpinum (Alpine bulrush, SCE)

Droseraceae (Sundew family)

• Drosera filiformis (Thread-leaf sundew, SCE)

Dryopteridaceae (Wood fern family)

• Dryopteris campyloptera (Mountain wood-fern, E)
• Dryopteris goldieana (Goldie's fern, SC)

Equisetaceae (Horsetail family)

• Equisetum palustre (Marsh horsetail, SCE)
• Equisetum pratense (Meadow horsetail, E)
• Equisetum scirpoides (Dwarf scouring rush, E)

Ericaceae (Heath or heather family)

• Andromeda polifolia var. glaucophylla (Bog rosemary, T)
• Gaultheria hispidula (Creeping snowberry, SC)
• Gaylussacia bigeloviana (Dwarf huckleberry, T)
• Lyonia mariana (Stagger-bush, SCE)
• Moneses uniflora (One-flower wintergreen, E)
• Orthilia secunda (One-sided pyrola, SCE)
• Rhododendron groenlandicum (Labrador tea, T)
• Vaccinium myrtilloides (Velvetleaf blueberry, E,)
• Vaccinium vitis-idaea ssp. minus (Mountain cranberry, SCE)

Eriocaulaceae (Pipewort family)

• Eriocaulon parkeri (Parker's pipewort, E)

Euphorbiaceae (Spurge family)

• Acalypha virginica (Virginia copperleaf, SC)
• Crotonopsis elliptica (Elliptical rushfoil, SCE)

Fabaceae (Legume, pea, or bean family)

• Desmodium cuspidatum (Large-bracted tick-trefoil, E)
• Desmodium glabellum (Dillenius’ tick-trefoil, SC)
• Desmodium sessilifolium (Sessile-leaf tick-trefoil, SCE)
• Lespedeza repens (Creeping bush-clover, SC)
• Phaseolus polystachios var. polystachios (Wild kidney bean, SCE)
• Senna hebecarpa (Wild senna, T)

Fagaceae

• Quercus macrocarpa (Bur Oak, SC)

Gentianaceae

• Gentianella quinquefolia (Stiff gentian, E)
• Sabatia dodecandra (Large marsh pink, SCE)
• Sabatia stellaris (Marsh pink, E)

Geraniaceae

• Geranium bicknellii (Bicknell's northern crane's-bill, SCE)

Grossulariaceae

• Ribes glandulosum (Skunk currant, SC)
• Ribes lacustre (Swamp black current, SCE)
• Ribes rotundifolium (Wild current, SC)
• Ribes triste (Swamp red currant, E)

Haemodoraceae (Bloodwort family)

• Lachnanthes caroliniana (Carolina redroot native populations only, E)

Haloragaceae (Water-milfoil family)

• Myriophyllum alterniflorum (Slender water-milfoil, E)
• Myriophyllum pinnatum (Cutleaf water-milfoil, E)
• Myriophyllum sibiricum (Northern water-milfoil, T)

Hymenophyllaceae (Filmy ferns and bristle ferns)

• Trichomanes intricatum (Appalachian gametophyte, SC)

Hypericaceae

• Hypericum adpressum (Creeping St. John's-wort, SCE)
• Hypericum ascyron (Great St. John's-wort, SC)

Juncaceae (Rush family)

• Juncus debilis (Weak rush, SCE)

Lamiaceae (Mint or deadnettle family)

• Agastache nepetoides (Yellow giant hyssop, E)
• Agastache scrophulariifolia (Purple giant hyssop, E)
• Blephilia ciliata (Downy wood-mint, SCE)
• Blephilia hirsuta (Hairy wood-mint, SCE)
• Lycopus amplectens (Clasping-leaved water-horehound, SC)
• Pycnanthemum torreyi (Torrey mountain-mint, E)
• Stachys hispida (Hispid hedge-nettle, T)
• Stachys hyssopifolia (Hyssop-leaf hedge-nettle, E)
• Scutellaria integrifolia (Hyssop skullcap, E)
• Scutellaria parvula var. missouriensis (Small skullcap, E)
• Trichostema brachiatum (False pennyroyal, E)

Lentibulariaceae (Bladderwort family)

• Utricularia resupinata (Resupinate bladderwort, E)

Liliaceae (Lily family)

• Streptopus amplexifolius (White mandarin, T)

Limnanthaceae

• Floerkea proserpinacoides (False mermaid-weed, E)

Linaceae

• Linum intercursum (Sandplain flax, SCE)
• Linum sulcatum (Yellow flax, E)

Lycopodiaceae

• Huperzia appressa (Fir clubmoss, SCE)
• Lycopodiella alopecuroides (Foxtail clubmoss, E)

Lygodiaceae

• Lygodium palmatum (Climbing fern, SCE)

Lythraceae

• Cuphea viscosissima (Blue waxweed, SCE)
• Lythrum alatum (Winged loosestrife, E)
• Rotala ramosior (Toothcup, T)

Melanthiaceae

• Chamaelirium luteum (Devil's bit, E)
• Veratrum latifolium (Hybrid bunchflower, SCE)

Nymphaeaceae (Water-lily family)

• Nuphar advena (Large yellow pond lily, SCE)
• Nuphar microphylla (Small yellow pond lily, SCE)

Onagraceae (Primrose or willowherb family)

• Ludwigia polycarpa (Many-fruited false-loosestrife, SCE)
• Ludwigia sphaerocarpa (Globe-fruited false-loosestrife, E)
• Oenothera fruticosa (Sundrops, SCE)

Orchidaceae (Orchid family)

• Aplectrum hyemale (Puttyroot, SCE)
• Arethusa bulbosa (Dragon's-mouth, SCE)
• Coeloglossum viride (Long-bracted green orchid, E)
• Corallorhiza trifida (Early coral root, SC)
• Cypripedium arietinum (Ram's-head lady's-slipper, SCE)
• Cypripedium parviflorum (Yellow lady's-slipper, SC)
• Cypripedium reginae (Showy lady's-slipper, SC)
• Goodyera repens var. ophioides (Dwarf rattlesnake plantain, SCE)
• Isotria medeoloides (Small whorled pogonia, E, federally threatened)
• Liparis liliifolia (Lily-leaved twayblade, E)
• Malaxis bayardii (Bayard's white adder's mouth, SCE)
• Malaxis brachypoda (White adder's-mouth, E)
• Malaxis unifolia (Green adder's-mouth, E)
• Platanthera blephariglottis (White-fringed orchid, E)
• Platanthera ciliaris (Yellow-fringed orchid, E)
• Platanthera dilatata (Tall white bog orchid, SCE)
• Platanthera flava var. herbiola (Pale green orchid, SC)
• Platanthera hookeri (Hooker's orchid, SCE)
• Platanthera orbiculata (Large round-leaved orchid, SCE)
• Triphora trianthophora (Nodding pogonia, E)
• Spiranthes tuberosa var. grayi (Little ladies’-tresses, SC)

Ophioglossaceae (Adder's-tongue family)

• Botrychium simplex (Little grape fern, SCE)
• Ophioglossum pusillum (Northern adder's-tongue, E)
• Ophioglossum vulgatum (Southern adder's-tongue, E)

Orobanchaceae (Broomrape family)

• Agalinis acuta (Sandplain agalinis, E, Federally Endangered)
• Castilleja coccinea (Indian paintbrush, E)
• Pedicularis lanceolata (Swamp lousewort, T)
• Schwalbea americana (Chaffseed, SCE, federally endangered)

Oxalidaceae (Wood sorrel family)

• Oxalis violacea (Violet wood-sorrel, SC)

Papaveraceae (Poppy family)

• Corydalis flavula (Yellow corydalis, T)
• Dicentra canadensis (Squirrel corn, SC)

Plantaginaceae (Plantain family)

• Plantago virginica (Hoary plantain, SC)

Pinaceae (Pine family)

• Abies balsamea (Balsam fir, E, native populations only)
• Pinus resinosa (Red pine, E, native populations only)

Poaceae (Grasses family)

• Alopecurus aequalis (Short-awned meadow-foxtail, T)
• Aristida longespica var. geniculata (Needlegrass, SC)
• Aristida purpurascens (Arrowfeather, E)
• Aristida tuberculosa (Beach needle grass, E)
• Bouteloua curtipendula (Sideoats grama-grass, E)
• Calamagrostis stricta ssp. inexpansa (Bend reedgrass, T)
• Coleataenia longifolia ssp. elongata (SCE)
• Deschampsia cespitosa (Tufted hairgrass, SC)
• Dichanthelium ovale ssp. pseudopubescens (Stiff-leaved rosette-panicgrass, SCE)
• Dichanthelium scabriusculum (Tall swamp rosette-panicgrass, E)
• Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon var. isophyllum (Round-fruited rosette panicgrass, SCE)
• Dichanthelium xanthophysum (Pale-leaved rosette-panicgrass, SCE)
• Leptochloa fusca ssp. fascicularis (Saltpond grass, E)
• Milium effusum (Tall millet-grass, E)
• Muhlenbergia capillaris (Long-awn hairgrass, E)
• Panicum amarum var. amarum (Bitter panicgrass, T)
• Panicum verrucosum (Warty panicgrass, SCE)
• Paspalum laeve (Field paspalum, T)
• Paspalum setaceum var. psammophilum (Thin paspalum, SCE)
• Piptatherum pungens (Slender mountain ricegrass, E)
• Phragmites americanus (American reed, SC)
• Puccinellia pumila (Goose grass, SCE)
• Schizachne purpurascens (Purple oat, SC)
• Sporobolus clandestinus (Rough dropseed, E)
• Sporobolus cryptandrus (Sand dropseed, T)
• Sporobolus heterolepis (Northern dropseed, E)
• Sporobolus neglectus (Small dropseed, E)
• Trisetum spicatum (Narrow false oats, E)

Polygalaceae (Milkwort family)

• Polygala ambigua (Alternate milkwort, SC)
• Polygala cruciata (Field milkwort, E)
• Polygala nuttallii (Nuttall's milkwort, T)
• Polygala senega (Seneca snakeroot, E)

Polygonaceae (Knotweed, smartweed, or buckwheat family)

• Polygonum glaucum (Seabeach knotweed, SC)
• Rumex persicarioides (Sea-side dock, SCE)

Pontederiaceae

• Heteranthera reniformis (Kidneyleaf mud-plantain, SCE)

Potamogetonaceae (Pondweed family)

• Potamogeton confervoides (Tuckerman's pondweed, E)
• Potamogeton friesii (Fries' pondweed, E)
• Potamogeton gemmiparus (Capillary pondweed, T)
• Potamogeton hillii (Hill's pondweed, E)
• Potamogeton ogdenii (Ogden's pondweed, E)
• Potamogeton strictifolius (Straight-leaved pondweed, E)
• Potamogeton vaseyi (Vasey's pondweed, T)

Primulaceae (Primrose family)

• Hottonia inflata (Featherfoil, SC)

Pteridaceae

• Cheilanthes lanosa (Hairy lip-fern, E)
• Cryptogramma stelleri (Slender cliff-brake, E)
• Pellaea glabella (Smooth cliff-brake, E)

Ranunculaceae (Buttercup or crowfoot family)

• Anemone acutiloba (Sharp-lobed hepatica, SC)
• Anemone canadensis (Canada anemone, T)
• Hydrastis canadensis (Goldenseal, E)
• Ranunculus ambigens (Water-plantain spearwort, E)
• Ranunculus cymbalaria (Seaside crowfoot, E)
• Ranunculus flammula var. reptans (Creeping spearwort, SCE)
• Ranunculus pensylvanicus (Bristly buttercup, SC)
• Trollius laxus (Spreading globe flower, T)

Rosaceae (Rose family)

• Drymocallis arguta (Tall cinquefoil, SC)
• Prunus alleghaniensis (Alleghany plum, SCE)
• Prunus maritima var. gravesii (Graves beach plum, SCE)
• Rosa nitida (Shining rose, SCE)
• Rubus cuneifolius (Sand blackberry, SC)
• Rubus dalibarda (Dew-drop, E, Now called Dalibarda repens)
• Sibbaldiopsis tridentata (Three-toothed cinquefoil, T)
• Waldsteinia fragarioides (Barren strawberry, E)

Rubiaceae, (Coffee, madder, or bedstraw family)

• Galium labradoricum (Bog bedstraw, E)
• Houstonia longifolia (Longleaf bluet, T)

Salicaceae (Willow family)

• Populus heterophylla (Swamp cottonwood, T)
• Salix exigua (Sandbar willow, E)
• Salix pedicellaris (Bog willow, E)
• Salix petiolaris (Slender willow, SC)

Santalaceae (Sandalwood family)

• Arceuthobium pusillum (Dwarf mistletoe, E)

Saururaceae (Lizard tail family)

• Saururus cernuus (Lizard's Tail, E)

Saxifragaceae

• Mitella nuda (Naked miterwort, SC)

Scheuchzeriaceae

• Scheuchzeria palustris ssp. Americana (Pod grass, E)

Scrophulariaceae (Figwort family)

• Limosella australis (Mudwort, SC)

Smilacaceae (Greenbrier family)

• Smilax hispida (Bristly greenbriar, SCE)

Typhaceae

• Sparganium fluctuans (Floating bur-reed, E)
• Sparganium natans (Small bur-reed, E)

Verbenaceae (Verbena or vervain family)

• Verbena simplex (Narrow-leaved vervain, SC)

Violaceae (Violet family)

• Hybanthus concolor (Green violet, SCE)
• Viola adunca (Hook-spurred violet, E)
• Viola brittoniana (Coast violet, E)
• Viola canadensis (Canada violet, SC)
• Viola hirsutula (Southern wood violet, SCE)
• Viola nephrophylla (Northern bog violet, SC)
• Viola renifolia (Kidney-leaf white violet, E)
• Viola selkirkii (Great-spurred violet, SC)

Xyridaceae

• Xyris montana (Northern yellow-eyed grass, T)
• Xyris smalliana (Small's yellow-eyed, E)

References

"Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015". State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 1 February 2018. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)