Biology:TEKTIP1

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Short description: Gene


A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example


TEKTIP1, also known as tektin-bundle interacting protein 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TEKTIP1 gene.[1][2]

Gene

Tektin bundle interacting protein 1 (TEKTIP1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TEKTIP1 mRNA.[1] The longest mRNA produced is 826 bases long.[3]

Aliases

Alias of the protein is C19orf71.[4]

Locus

The TEKTIP1 gene is located at 19p13.3.[5]

Transcriptional Regulation

Several predicted transcription factors may bind in the promoter region: TFDP1, PLAGL1, ZSCAN4, POU2F3.[6][7][8][9][10]

Chemical Interactions

Acrylamide,[11] cisplatin,[12] and silicon dioxide[13] decrease expression, while butanal (butyraldehyde), and pentanal increase expression[14] of TEKTIP1 mRNA.

Sequence orthology also suggests that valproic acid increases methylation of TEKTIP1 mRNA.[15]

Protein

The mRNA of TEKTIP1 is 654 nucleotides long.[1][4] It contains five exons.[1] The human TEKTIP1 protein is 209 amino acids long and has a predicted molecular mass of 24.5 kDa.[4] The human protein has a theoretical isoelectric point of 9.1.[16]

Isoforms

There are two splice isoforms of the protein, X1[17] and X2.[18]

X1 & X2 Isoform Orthologs
X1 X2
Tibetan macaque[19] Chimpanzee[20]
Olive baboon[21] Olive baboon[22]
Panamanian white-faced capuchin[23] Common marmoset[24]
Golden[25] and Black[26]

snub-nosed monkeys

Golden sub-nosed monkey[27]
Elk[28] Elk[29]
Red deer[30] Red deer[31]
Greater horseshoe bat[32] Bats[33][34][35]
Red fox[36] Polar bear[37]

Characteristics & structure

TEKTIP1 is highly enriched in tryptophan and tyrosine.[38] Additionally, the protein is semi-enriched in arginine and proline.[39]

Expression

TEKTIP1 is tissue specific and is found in higher levels in the kidney, testis and thymus.[5]

In fetal development, it is found in higher levels in the Adrenal glands during weeks 16-20.[5]

TEKTIP1 protein is said to be specific to the testis and is found in early spermatids during spermatogenesis.[40]

Evolution

Orthologs

Over 240 organisms have orthologs with human gene TEKTIP1.[5] The most distant organism with an orthologous sequence to human TEKTIP1 is the West African lungfish (estimated date of divergence of 408 MYA).[41][42]

Selected Orthologs for TEKTIP1
Genus and Species Common Name Taxonomic Group Median Date of Divergence (MYA) Accession # Sequence length (aa) Sequence Identity to Human Protein % Sequence Similarity to Human Protein %
Homo sapiens Human Primates/Hominidae 0 NP_001129052.1 209 100 100
Pan troglodyte Chimpanzee Primates 6.4 XP_003316050.1 209 98.1 98.6
Mus musculus Mouse Rodentia 87 NP_001014836.2 217 45.6 60.4
Bos taurus Cow Artiodactyla 94 NP_001070550 208 76.6 84.2
Panthera tigris Tiger Carnivora 94 XP_042833719.1 210 34.1 38.9
Orcinus orca Killer whale Cetacea 94 XP_012394771.2 216 63 73.1
Phascolarctos cinereus Koala Diprodontia 160 XP_020824948.1 211 52.9 67.4
Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald Eagle Accipitiformes 319 XP_010580112.1 206 41.4 52
Dromaius novaehollandiae Emu Aves 319 XP_025961204.1 190 44.8 56.7
Gallus gallus domesticus Chicken Aves 319 XP_015155269.2 188 38.2 48.4
Crocodylus porosus Saltwater Crocodile Crocodilia 319 XP_019406144.1 210 54.3 68.3
Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Testudines 319 XP_048687032.1 216 47.8 57.3
Zootoca vivipara Common lizard Squamata 319 XP_034975173.1 200 48.8 59.5
Crotalus tigris Tiger Rattlesnake Squamata 319 XP_039190693.1 199 45.8 57.5
Protobothrops mucrosquamatus Venomous Pit Viper Squamata 319 XP_015665555.1 199 45.1 56.7
Bufo bufo Common Toad Salientia 353 XP_040276375 136 24.7 34.3
Geotrypetes seraphini Gaboon Caecilian Caecilians 353 XP_033813379.1 156 36.1 45.8
Microcaecilia unicolor Tiny Caecilian Caecilians 353 XP_030074922.1 142 34.3 42.6
Protopterus annectens West African Lungfish Actinopterygii 408 XP_043910031.1 142 28.6 39

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Homo sapiens tektin bundle interacting protein 1 (TEKTIP1), mRNA" (in en-US). 2022-08-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_001135580.2. 
  2. ↑ GeneCard for C19orf71
  3. ↑ "PREDICTED: Homo sapiens tektin bundle interacting protein 1 (TEKTIP1), transcript variant X1, mRNA" (in en-US). 2022-04-05. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/XM_047437992.1. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "tektin bundle interacting protein 1 [Homo sapiens - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001129052.1. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "TEKTIP1 tektin bundle interacting protein 1 [Homo sapiens (human) - Gene - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/100128569. 
  6. ↑ "Repression of transcriptional activity of C/EBPalpha by E2F-dimerization partner complexes". Molecular and Cellular Biology 30 (9): 2293–2304. May 2010. doi:10.1128/MCB.01619-09. PMID 20176812. 
  7. ↑ "In vivo association of E2F and DP family proteins". Molecular and Cellular Biology 15 (5): 2536–2546. May 1995. doi:10.1128/MCB.15.5.2536. PMID 7739537. 
  8. ↑ "Heterodimerization of the transcription factors E2F-1 and DP-1 leads to cooperative trans-activation". Genes & Development 7 (10): 1850–1861. October 1993. doi:10.1101/gad.7.10.1850. PMID 8405995. 
  9. ↑ "Characterization of the regulatory domains of the human skn-1a/Epoc-1/Oct-11 POU transcription factor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 (37): 26399–26406. September 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.37.26399. PMID 10473598. 
  10. ↑ "ZSCAN4 is negatively regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF20". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 498 (1): 72–78. March 2018. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.155. PMID 29477841. 
  11. ↑ "Acrylamide exposure represses neuronal differentiation, induces cell apoptosis and promotes tau hyperphosphorylation in hESC-derived 3D cerebral organoids". Food and Chemical Toxicology 144: 111643. October 2020. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2020.111643. PMID 32763439. 
  12. ↑ "Activation of AIFM2 enhances apoptosis of human lung cancer cells undergoing toxicological stress". Toxicology Letters 258: 227–236. September 2016. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.002. PMID 27392435. 
  13. ↑ "High-throughput, quantitative assessment of the effects of low-dose silica nanoparticles on lung cells: grasping complex toxicity with a great depth of field". BMC Genomics 16 (1): 315. April 2015. doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1521-5. PMID 25895662. 
  14. ↑ "Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles highlights aldehyde-induced inflammatory responses in cells relevant for lung toxicity". Toxicology 334: 111–121. August 2015. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.06.007. PMID 26079696. 
  15. ↑ "Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction". Toxicology 393: 160–170. January 2018. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.11.013. PMID 29154799. 
  16. ↑ "Expasy - Compute pI/Mw tool". https://web.expasy.org/compute_pi/. 
  17. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 isoform X1 [Homo sapiens - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_047293948.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=13&RID=N2XDWSW6013. 
  18. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 isoform X2 [Homo sapiens - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_011525898.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=45&RID=N2XDWSW6013. 
  19. ↑ "tektin bundle interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [Macaca thibetana thibe - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_050626701.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=8&RID=N2XDWSW6013. 
  20. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Pan troglodytes - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_003316050.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=4&RID=N2YRA4S9016. 
  21. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Papio anubis - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_003914706.2?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=14&RID=N2XDWSW6013. 
  22. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Papio anubis - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_017807575.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=15&RID=N2YRA4S9016. 
  23. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Cebus imitator - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_017362919.2?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=24&RID=N2XV1U28013. 
  24. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Callithrix jacchu - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_008985235.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=30&RID=N2YRA4S9016. 
  25. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Rhinopithecus rox - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_010365592.2?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=17&RID=N2XDWSW6013. 
  26. ↑ "PREDICTED: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Rhinop - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_017703490.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=19&RID=N2XV1U28013. 
  27. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Rhinopithecus rox - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_030791076.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=21&RID=N2YRA4S9016. 
  28. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Cervus canadensis - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_043322099.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=49&RID=N2XV1U28013. 
  29. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Cervus canadensis - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_043322100.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=55&RID=N2YRA4S9016. 
  30. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Cervus elaphus - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_043767944.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=56&RID=N2XV1U28013. 
  31. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Cervus elaphus - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_043767945.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=60&RID=N2YRA4S9016. 
  32. ↑ "tektin bundle interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [Rhinolophus ferrumequi - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_032990618.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=79&RID=N2XV1U28013. 
  33. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Myotis myotis - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_036169354.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=74&RID=N2YRA4S9016. 
  34. ↑ "PREDICTED: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog [Myotis brandtii - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_005858867.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=81&RID=N2YRA4S9016. 
  35. ↑ "tektin bundle interacting protein 1 isoform X2 [Rhinolophus ferrumequi - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_032990619.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=96&RID=N2YRA4S9016. 
  36. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Vulpes vulpes - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_025875240.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=39&RID=N2XV1U28013. 
  37. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Ursus maritimus - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_008709469.2?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=84&RID=N2YRA4S9016. 
  38. ↑ Kelley, Lawrence. "PHYRE2 Protein Fold Recognition Server" (in en). http://www.sbg.bio.ic.ac.uk/~phyre2/html/page.cgi?id=index. 
  39. ↑ "SAPS < Sequence Statistics < EMBL-EBI". https://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/seqstats/saps/. 
  40. ↑ "C19orf71 protein expression summary - The Human Protein Atlas". https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000183397-C19orf71. 
  41. ↑ "TimeTree :: The Timescale of Life" (in en). https://timetree.org/. 
  42. ↑ "uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog [Protopterus annectens - Protein - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_043910031.1. 



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