Chemistry:Chorismic acid
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
(3R,4R)-3-[(1-carboxyvinyl)oxy]-4-hydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| C10H10O6 | |
| Molar mass | 226.184 g·mol−1 |
| Melting point | 140 °C (284 °F; 413 K) |
| Hazards | |
| GHS pictograms |  
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| GHS Signal word | Danger |
| H302, H312, H315, H319, H332, H335, H350, H361 | |
| P201, P202, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P301+312, P302+352, P304+312, P304+340, P305+351+338, P308+313, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+313, P337+313, P362, P363, P403+233, P405, P501 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
 verify (what is   ?)
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| Infobox references | |
Chorismic acid, more commonly known as its anionic form chorismate, is an important biochemical intermediate in plants and microorganisms. It is a precursor for:
- The aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine
- Indole, indole derivatives and tryptophan
- 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) used for enterobactin biosynthesis
- The plant hormone salicylic acid[1]
- Many alkaloids and other aromatic metabolites.
- The folate precursor para-aminobenzoate (pABA)
- The biosynthesis of vitamin K and folate in plants and microorganisms.
The name chorismic acid derives from a classical Greek word χωρίζω meaning "to separate",[2] because the compound plays a role as a branch-point in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis.[3]
Biosynthesis
Shikimate → shikimate-3-phosphate → 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate)
Chorismate synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the final chemical reaction:
- 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate → chorismate + phosphate.
Metabolism
Chorismate is transformed into para-aminobenzoic acid by the enzymes 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase and 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate lyase.
Chorismate lyase is an enzyme that transforms chorismate into 4-hydroxybenzoate and pyruvate. This enzyme catalyses the first step in ubiquinone biosynthesis in Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative bacteria.
See also
References
- ↑ "Isochorismate synthase is required to synthesize salicylic acid for plant defence". Nature 414 (6863): 562–5. 2001. doi:10.1038/35107108. PMID 11734859. Bibcode: 2001Natur.414..562W.
- ↑ Henry George Liddell; Robert Scott; Henry Stuart Jones; Roderick McKenzie. A Greek-English Lexicon. ISBN 0-19-864226-1.
- ↑ Gibson, F. (1999). "The elusive branch-point compound of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis". Trends in Biochemical Sciences 24 (1): 36–38. doi:10.1016/S0968-0004(98)01330-9. PMID 10087921.
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