Chemistry:Dornase alfa
 | This article needs more medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. (February 2022) |  |
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| Trade names | Pulmozyme |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a694002 |
| License data | |
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| Routes of administration | Inhalation |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | |
| DrugBank | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C1321H1999N339O396S9 |
| Molar mass | 29254.04 g·mol−1 |
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Dornase alfa, sold under the brand name Pulmozyme, is used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis.[3] It is a recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I (rhDNase), an enzyme which selectively cleaves DNA.[3] Dornase alfa hydrolyzes the DNA present in sputum/mucus and reduces viscosity in the lungs, promoting improved clearance of secretions.[3] It is produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells.[3]
Medical uses
Dornase alfa is indicated for the management of people with cystic fibrosis to improve pulmonary function.[3]
A 2021 Cochrane systematic review found that dornase alfa probably improves lung function (FEV1) compared with placebo/no dornase alfa at multiple time points (including one and six months), while evidence for quality-of-life outcomes was limited. Rash and voice change were reported more frequently than with control, and serious adverse effects were not reported in the included trials.[4]
Society and culture
Legal status
Dornase alfa is an orphan drug.[5]
Research
Dornase alfa has been shown to improve lung function in non-cystic fibrosis pre-term infants atelectasis.[6][7]
Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
Dornase alfa is a recombinant human DNase I that selectively cleaves DNA, by hydrolyzing extracellular DNA in sputum/mucus it reduces mucus viscosity and improves clearance of secretions.[8][4]
Production
The FDA label states that dornase alfa is produced by genetically engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells containing DNA encoding the native human DNase I protein.[8]
See also
- Cystic fibrosis
- Mucolytic
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Australian Product Information: Pulmozyme (dornase alfa)". Roche Products Pty Limited. https://www.guildlink.com.au/gc/ws/ro/pi.cfm?product=roppulmo10514.
- ↑ "Pulmozyme Product information". 25 April 2012. https://health-products.canada.ca/dpd-bdpp/info.do?lang=en&code=15483.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "Pulmozyme- dornase alfa solution". 21 October 2020. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d8c78a7e-ff99-48f3-8952-643ec2ea0f86.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Dornase alfa for cystic fibrosis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2021 (3). March 2021. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001127.pub5. PMID 33735508.
- ↑ "Dornase-alfa and orphan drugs". Lancet 346 (8975): 633. September 1995. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(95)91460-9. PMID 7651014.
- ↑ "Efficacy and safety of nebulized recombinant human DNase as rescue treatment for persistent atelectasis in newborns: case-series". Croatian Medical Journal 48 (2): 234–239. April 2007. PMID 17436388.
- ↑ "DNase and atelectasis in non-cystic fibrosis pediatric patients". Critical Care 9 (4): R351–R356. August 2005. doi:10.1186/cc3544. PMID 16137347.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Pulmozyme (dornase alfa) inhalation solution: US Prescribing Information (FDA label, revised February 2024) (Report). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2024/103532s5194lbl.pdf. Retrieved 2025-12-24.
de:Desoxyribonuklease#Verwendung als Arzneistoff
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