Engineering:GeForce FX series

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Short description: Series of GPUs by Nvidia
GeForce FX series
GeForce FX logo
Release dateJanuary 27, 2003; 21 years ago (January 27, 2003)
CodenameNV30, NV31, NV34, NV35, NV36, NV38
ArchitectureRankine (microarchitecture)
ModelsGeForce FX series
  • GeForce FX-VE series
  • GeForce FX-LE series
  • GeForce FX-ZT series
  • GeForce FX-XT series
  • GeForce FX-Ultra series
  • GeForce PCX series
Cards
Entry-levelFX 5100
FX 5200
FX 5200 LE
FX 5300
FX 5500
Mid-rangeFX 5600
FX 5700
PCX 5750
High-endFX 5800
FX 5900
PCX 5950
Enthusiast5800 Ultra, 5900 Ultra, 5950 Ultra
API support
Direct3DDirect3D 9.0a
Shader Model 2.0a
OpenGLOpenGL 2.1
History
PredecessorGeForce 4 series
SuccessorGeForce 6 series

The GeForce FX or "GeForce 5" series (codenamed NV30) is a line of graphics processing units from the manufacturer Nvidia.

Overview

Nvidia's GeForce FX series is the fifth generation of the GeForce line. With GeForce 3, the company introduced programmable shader functionality into their 3D architecture, in line with the release of Microsoft's DirectX 8.0. The GeForce 4 Ti was an enhancement of the GeForce 3 technology. With real-time 3D graphics technology continually advancing, the release of DirectX 9.0 brought further refinement of programmable pipeline technology with the arrival of Shader Model 2.0. The GeForce FX series is Nvidia's first generation Direct3D 9-compliant hardware.

The series was manufactured on TSMC's 130 nm fabrication process.[1] It is compliant with Shader Model 2.0/2.0A, allowing more flexibility in complex shader/fragment programs and much higher arithmetic precision. It supports a number of new memory technologies, including DDR2, GDDR2 and GDDR3 and saw Nvidia's first implementation of a memory data bus wider than 128 bits.[2] The anisotropic filtering implementation has potentially higher quality than previous Nvidia designs.[1] Anti-aliasing methods have been enhanced and additional modes are available compared to GeForce 4.[1] Memory bandwidth and fill-rate optimization mechanisms have been improved.[1] Some members of the series offer double fill-rate in z-buffer/stencil-only passes.[2]

The series also brought improvements to the company's video processing hardware, in the form of the Video Processing Engine (VPE), which was first deployed in the GeForce 4 MX.[3] The primary addition, compared to previous Nvidia GPUs, was per-pixel video-deinterlacing.[3]

The initial version of the GeForce FX (the 5800) was one of the first cards to come equipped with a large dual-slot cooler. Called "Flow FX", the cooler was very large in comparison to ATI's small, single-slot cooler on the 9700 series.[4] It was jokingly referred to as the "Dustbuster", due to a high level of fan noise.[5]

The advertising campaign for the GeForce FX featured the Dawn, which was the work of several veterans from the computer animation Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within.[6] Nvidia touted it as "The Dawn of Cinematic Computing".[7]

Nvidia debuted a new campaign to motivate developers to optimize their titles for Nvidia hardware at the Game Developers Conference (GDC) in 2002. In exchange for prominently displaying the Nvidia logo on the outside of the game packaging, the company offered free access to a state-of-the-art test lab in Eastern Europe, that tested against 500 different PC configurations for compatibility. Developers also had extensive access to Nvidia engineers, who helped produce code optimized for the company's products.[8]

Hardware based on the NV30 project didn't launch until near the end of 2002, several months after ATI had released their competing DirectX 9 architecture.[9]

Overall performance

GeForce FX 5200

GeForce FX is an architecture designed with DirectX 7, 8 and 9 software in mind. Its performance for DirectX 7 and 8 was not even close to ATI's competing products with the mainstream versions of the chips, and somewhat faster in the case of the 5900 and 5950 models, but it is much less competitive across the entire range for software that primarily uses DirectX 9 features.[10]

Its weak performance in processing Shader Model 2 programs is caused by several factors. The NV3x design has less overall parallelism and calculation throughput than its competitors.[11] It is more difficult, compared to GeForce 6 and ATI Radeon R300 series, to achieve high efficiency with the architecture due to architectural weaknesses and a resulting heavy reliance on optimized pixel shader code. While the architecture was compliant overall with the DirectX 9 specification, it was optimized for performance with 16-bit shader code, which is less than the 24-bit minimum that the standard requires. When 32-bit shader code is used, the architecture's performance is severely hampered.[11] Proper instruction ordering and instruction composition of shader code is critical for making the most of the available computational resources.[11]

Hardware refreshes and diversification

Personal Cinema FX 5700
Personal Cinema FX 5900 Ultra
GeForce FX 5950 Ultra

Nvidia's initial release, the GeForce FX 5800, was intended as a high-end part. At the time, there were no GeForce FX products for the other segments of the market. The GeForce 4 MX continued in its role as the budget video card and the older GeForce 4 Ti cards filled in the mid-range.

In April 2003, the company introduced the GeForce FX 5600 and the GeForce FX 5200 to address the other market segments. Each had an "Ultra" variant and a slower, budget-oriented variant and all used conventional single-slot cooling solutions. The 5600 Ultra had respectable performance overall but it was slower than the Radeon 9600 Pro and sometimes slower than the GeForce 4 Ti series.[12] The FX 5200 did not perform as well as the DirectX 7.0 generation GeForce 4 MX440 or Radeon 9000 Pro in some benchmarks.[13]

In May 2003, Nvidia launched the GeForce FX 5900 Ultra, a new high-end product to replace the low-volume and disappointing FX 5800. Based upon a revised GPU called NV35, which fixed some of the DirectX 9 shortcomings of the discontinued NV30, this product was more competitive with the Radeon 9700 and 9800.[14] In addition to redesigning parts of the GPU, the company moved to a 256-bit memory data bus, allowing for significantly higher memory bandwidth than the 5800 even when utilizing more common DDR SDRAM instead of DDR2.[14] The 5900 Ultra performed somewhat better than the Radeon 9800 Pro in games not heavily using shader model 2, and had a quieter cooling system than the 5800.[14]

In October 2003, Nvidia released the GeForce FX 5700 and GeForce FX 5950. The 5700 was a mid-range card using the NV36 GPU with technology from NV35 while the 5950 was a high-end card again using the NV35 GPU but with additional clock speed. The 5950 also featured a redesigned version of the 5800's FlowFX cooler, this time using a larger, slower fan and running much quieter as a result. The 5700 provided strong competition for the Radeon 9600 XT in games limited to light use of shader model 2.[15] The 5950 was competitive with the Radeon 9800 XT, again as long as pixel shaders were lightly used.[16]

In December 2003, the company launched the GeForce FX 5900XT, a graphics card intended for the mid-range segment. It was similar to the 5900 Ultra, but clocked slower and used slower memory. It more thoroughly competed with Radeon 9600 XT, but was still behind in a few shader-intense scenarios.[17]

The GeForce FX line moved to PCI Express in early 2004 with a number of models, including the PCX 5300, PCX 5750, PCX 5900, and PCX 5950. These cards were largely the same as their AGP predecessors with similar model numbers. To operate on the PCIe bus, an AGP-to-PCIe "HSI bridge" chip on the video card converted the PCIe signals into AGP signals for the GPU.[18]

Also in 2004, the GeForce FX 5200 / 5300 series that utilized the NV34 GPU received a new member with the FX 5500.[19]

Discontinued support

NVIDIA has ceased driver support for GeForce FX series.

  • Windows 9x & Windows Me: 81.98 released on December 21, 2005; Download;
Product Support List Windows 95/98/Me – 81.98.
  • Windows 2000, 32-bit Windows XP & Media Center Edition: 175.19 released on June 23, 2008; Download. (Products supported list also on this page)
Note that the 175.19 driver is known to break Windows Remote Desktop (RDP).[20] The last version before the problem is 174.74. It was apparently fixed in 177.83, although this version is not available for the GeForce 5 graphic cards.[21] Also worth of note is that 163.75 is the last known good driver, that correctly handles the adjustment of the video overlay color properties for the GeForce FX Series. Subsequent WHQL drivers do not handle the whole range of possible video overlay adjustments (169.21) or have no effect on those (175.xx).
  • Windows XP (32-bit): 175.40 released on August 1, 2008; Download.
  • Windows Vista: 96.85 released on October 17, 2006; Download;
Product Support List Windows Vista – 96.85.
  • Windows Vista: 97.34 released on November 21, 2006; Download.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Lal Shimpi, Anand (November 18, 2002). "Nvidia Introduces GeForce FX (NV30)". Anandtech. http://www.anandtech.com/show/1034. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Barkovoi, Aleksei; Vorobiev, Andrey (2003). "Nvidia GeForce FX 5900 Ultra 256MB Video Card Review". X-bit labs. http://ixbtlabs.com/articles2/gffx/5900u.html. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Video Processing Engine". NVIDIA. http://www.nvidia.com/object/feature_vpe.html. 
  4. ↑ Wasson, Scott (April 7, 2003). "NVIDIA's GeForce FX 5800 Ultra GPU". Tech Report. http://techreport.com/articles.x/4966. 
  5. ↑ From Voodoo to GeForce: The Awesome History of 3D Graphics
  6. ↑ "Dawn Demo". NVIDIA. http://www.nzone.com/object/nzone_dawndemo_home.html. 
  7. ↑ "Cinematic Computing For Every User". NVIDIA. http://www.nor-tech.com/solutions/dox/PO_GFFX_5600_5200.pdf. 
  8. ↑ Ferret, Wily (May 4, 2007). "Post-Nvidia man writes in". The Inquirer. http://www.theinquirer.net/default.aspx?article=39402. 
  9. ↑ Lal Shimpi, Anand (January 27, 2003). "Nvidia GeForce FX 5800 Ultra: It's Here, but is it Good?". Anandtech. http://www.anandtech.com/show/1062. 
  10. ↑ Cross, Jason. Benchmarking Half-Life 2: ATI vs. NVIDIA, ExtremeTech, November 29, 2004.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Demirug. CineFX (NV30) Inside, 3DCenter, August 31, 2003.
  12. ↑ Gasior, Geoff (May 6, 2003). "Nvidia's GeForce FX 5600 GPU". Tech Report. http://techreport.com/articles.x/5103/1. 
  13. ↑ Gasior, Geoff (April 29, 2003). "Nvidia's GeForce FX 5200 GPU". Tech Report. http://techreport.com/articles.x/5065/1. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Bell, Brandon (June 20, 2003). "eVGA e-GeForce FX 5900 Ultra Review". FiringSquad. http://www.firingsquad.com/hardware/evga_e-geforce_fx_5900_ultra_review/default.asp. 
  15. ↑ Gasior, Geoff (October 23, 2003). "Nvidia's GeForce FX 5700 Ultra GPU". Tech Report. http://techreport.com/articles.x/5799/1. 
  16. ↑ Hagedoorn, Hilbert (October 23, 2003). "GeForce FX 5700 Ultra & 5950 Ultra Review". Guru3D. http://www.guru3d.com/article/content/88/. 
  17. ↑ Gasior, Geoff (December 15, 2003). "NVIDIA's GeForce FX 5900 XT GPU". Tech Report. http://techreport.com/articles.x/5990/1. 
  18. ↑ Timofeeva, Anna (April 8, 2004). "Gigabyte GeForce PCX 5900 Video Card Review". Digital-Daily. http://www.digital-daily.com/video/gigabyte-pcx5900/. 
  19. ↑ Hagedoorn, Hilbert (March 9, 2004). "PoV GeForce FX 5500 Review". Digital-Daily. http://www.guru3d.com/article/pov-geforce-fx-5500-review/. 
  20. ↑ User forum complaints about v175.19 driver breaking RDP
  21. ↑ AnandTech forum post regarding RDP issue

External links




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