GeForce 20 series

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Short description: Series of GPUs by Nvidia
GeForce 20 series
GeForce RTX 20 Series logo with slogan.svgRTX 2080FE.png
The Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 Founders Edition released in 2018
Release date
  • September 20, 2018; 5 years ago (September 20, 2018)
  • July 9, 2019; 5 years ago (July 9, 2019) (Super refresh)
CodenameTU10x
ArchitectureTuring
ModelsGeForce RTX series
Transistors
  • 10.8B (TU106)
  • 13.6B (TU104)
  • 18.6B (TU102)
Fabrication processTSMC 12 nm (FinFET)
Cards
Entry-level
  • GeForce RTX 2050
Mid-range
  • GeForce RTX 2060
  • GeForce RTX 2060 (12 GB)
  • GeForce RTX 2060 Super
High-end
  • GeForce RTX 2070
  • GeForce RTX 2070 Super[1]
  • GeForce RTX 2080
  • GeForce RTX 2080 Super[2]
Enthusiast
  • GeForce RTX 2080 Ti[3]
  • Nvidia Titan RTX
API support
Direct3DDirect3D 12.0 (feature level 12 2)
Shader Model 6.7
OpenCLOpenCL 3.0[4][lower-alpha 1]
OpenGLOpenGL 4.6[5]
VulkanVulkan 1.3[6]
History
PredecessorGeForce 10 series
VariantGeForce 16 series
SuccessorGeForce 30 series

The GeForce 20 series is a family of graphics processing units developed by Nvidia.[7] Serving as the successor to the GeForce 10 series,[8] the line started shipping on September 20, 2018,[9] and after several editions, on July 2, 2019, the GeForce RTX Super line of cards was announced.[10]

The 20 series marked the introduction of Nvidia's Turing microarchitecture, and the first generation of RTX cards,[11] the first in the industry to implement realtime hardware ray tracing in a consumer product.[12] In a departure from Nvidia's usual strategy, the 20 series has no entry level range, leaving it to the 16 series to cover this segment of the market.[13]

These cards are succeeded by the GeForce 30 series, powered by the Ampere microarchitecture, which first launched in 2020.[14]

History

Announcement

On August 14, 2018, Nvidia teased the announcement of the first card in the 20 series, the GeForce RTX 2080, shortly after introducing the Turing architecture at SIGGRAPH earlier that year.[11] The GeForce 20 series was finally announced at Gamescom on August 20, 2018,[7] becoming the first line of graphics cards "designed to handle real-time ray tracing" thanks to the "inclusion of dedicated tensor and RT cores."[12]

In August 2018, it was reported that Nvidia had trademarked GeForce RTX and Quadro RTX as names.[15]

Release

The line started shipping on September 20, 2018.[9] Serving as the successor to the GeForce 10 series,[8] the 20 series marked the introduction of Nvidia's Turing microarchitecture, and the first generation of RTX cards, the first in the industry to implement realtime hardware ray tracing in a consumer product.[16]

Released in late 2018, the RTX 2080 was marketed as up to 75% faster than the GTX 1080 in various games,[17] also describing the chip as "the most significant generational upgrade to its GPUs since the first CUDA cores in 2006," according to PC Gamer.[18]

After the initial release, factory overclocked versions were released in the late 2018.[19] The first was the "Ti" edition,[20] while the Founders Edition cards were overclocked by default and had a three-year warranty.[17] When the GeForce RTX 2080 Ti came out, TechRadar called it "the world’s most powerful GPU on the market."[21] The GeForce RTX 2080 Founders Edition was positively reviewed for performance by PC Gamer on September 19, 2018,[22] but was criticized for the high cost to consumers,[22][23] also noting that its ray tracing feature wasn't yet utilized by many programs or games.[22] In January 2019, Tom's Hardware also stated the GeForce RTX 2080 Ti Xtreme was "the fastest gaming graphics card available," although it criticized the loudness of the cooling solution, the size and heat output in PC cases.[24] In August 2018, the company claimed that the GeForce RTX graphics cards were the "world’s first graphics cards to feature super-fast GDDR6 memory, a new DisplayPort 1.4 output that can drive up to 8K HDR at 60Hz on future-generation monitors with just a single cable, and a USB Type-C output for next-generation Virtual Reality headsets."[25]

The image shows the radiator surface of the GeForce RTX 2080 VENTUS OC by MSI
The RTX 2080 VENTUS OC, one RTX 2080-based card by MSI

In October 2018, PC Gamer reported the supply of the 2080 Ti card was "extremely tight" after availability had already been delayed.[26] By November 2018, MSI was offering nine different RTX 2080-based graphics cards.[27] Released in December 2018, the line's Titan RTX was initially priced at $2500, significantly more than the $1300 then needed for a GeForce RTX 2080 Ti.[28]

Marketing

In January 2019, Nvidia announced that GeForce RTX graphics cards would be used in 40 new laptops from various companies.[29] Also that month, in response to negative reactions to the pricing of the GeForce RTX cards, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang stated "They were right. [We] were anxious to get RTX in the mainstream market... We just weren’t ready. Now we’re ready, and it’s called 2060," in reference to the RTX 2060.[30] In May 2019, a TechSpot review noted that the newly released Radeon VII by AMD was comparable in speeds to the GeForce RTX 2080, if slightly slower in games, with both priced similarly and framed as direct competitors.[31]

On July 2, 2019, the GeForce RTX Super line of cards was announced, which comprises higher-spec versions of the 2060, 2070 and 2080. Each of the Super models were offered for a similar price as older models but with improved specs.[10] In July 2019, NVidia stated the "SUPER" graphics cards in the GeForce RTX 20 series, to be introduced, had a 15% performance advantage over the GeForce RTX 2060.[32] PC World called the super editions a "modest" upgrade for the price, and the 2080 Super chip the "second most-powerful GPU ever released" in terms of speed.[33] In November 2019, PC Gamer wrote "even without an overclock, the 2080 Ti is the best graphics card for gaming."[34] In June 2020, PC Mag listed the Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super as one of the "best [8] graphics cards for 4k gaming in 2020." The GeForce RTX 2080 Founders Edition, Super, and Ti were also listed.[35] In June 2020, graphic cards including the RTX 2060, RTX 2060 Super, RTX 2070 and the RTX 2080 Super were announced as discounted by retailers in expectation of the GeForce RTX 3080 launch.[36] In April 2020, Nvidia announced 100 new laptops licensed to include either GeForce GTX and RTX models.[37]

Reintroduction of older cards

Due to production problems surrounding the RTX 30-series cards and a general shortage of graphics cards due to production issues caused by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which led to a global semiconductor shortage, and general demand for graphics cards increasing due to an increase in cryptocurrency mining, the RTX 2060 and its Super counterpart, alongside the GTX 1050 Ti,[38] were brought back into production in 2021.[39][40]

Furthermore, the RTX 2060 was reissued on December 7, 2021 as a variant with 12GB of VRAM.[41][42] However, availability of the card at launch was scarce.[43][44]

Architecture

RTX 2080 Founders Edition Underside and PCB

The RTX 20 series is based on the Turing microarchitecture and features real-time hardware ray tracing.[45] The cards are manufactured on an optimized 14 nm node from TSMC, named 12 nm FinFET NVIDIA (FFN).[46] New example features in Turing included mesh shaders,[47] Ray tracing (RT) cores (bounding volume hierarchy acceleration),[48] tensor (AI) cores,[12] dedicated Integer (INT) cores for concurrent execution of integer, and floating point operations.[49] In the GeForce 20 series, this real-time ray tracing is accelerated by the use of new RT cores, which are designed to process quadtrees and spherical hierarchies, and speed up collision tests with individual triangles.[citation needed]

The ray tracing performed by the RT cores can be used to produce effects such as reflections, refractions, shadows, depth of field, light scattering and caustics, replacing traditional raster techniques such as cube maps and depth maps.[citation needed] Notes: Instead of replacing rasterization entirely, however, ray tracing is offered in a hybrid model, in which the information gathered from ray tracing can be used to augment the rasterized shading for more photo-realistic results.[citation needed]

The second generation Tensor Cores (succeeding Volta's) work in cooperation with the RT cores, and their AI features are used mainly to two ends: firstly, de-noising a partially ray traced image by filling in the blanks between rays cast; also another application of the Tensor cores is DLSS (deep learning super-sampling), a new method to replace anti-aliasing, by artificially generating detail to upscale the rendered image into a higher resolution.[50] The Tensor cores apply deep learning models (for example, an image resolution enhancement model) which are constructed using supercomputers. The problem to be solved is analyzed on the supercomputer, which is taught by example what results are desired. The supercomputer then outputs a model which is then executed on the consumer's Tensor cores. These methods are delivered to consumers as part of the cards' drivers.[citation needed]

Nvidia segregates the GPU dies for Turing into A and non-A variants, which is appended or excluded on the hundreds part of the GPU code name. Non-A variants are not allowed to be factory overclocked, whilst A variants are.[51]

The GeForce 20 series was launched with GDDR6 memory chips from Micron Technology. However, due to reported faults with launch models, Nvidia switched to using GDDR6 memory chips from Samsung Electronics by November 2018.[52]

Software

Main page: Nvidia RTX

With the GeForce 20 series, Nvidia introduced the RTX development platform. RTX uses Microsoft's DXR, Nvidia's OptiX, and Vulkan for access to ray tracing.[53] The ray tracing technology used in the RTX Turing GPUs was in development at Nvidia for 10 years.[54] Nvidia's Nsight Visual Studio Edition application is used to inspect the state of the GPUs.[55]

Products

All of the cards in the series have a PCIe 3.0 x16 interface, which connects it to the CPU, manufactured using a 12 nm FinFET process from TSMC, and use GDDR6 memory (initially Micron chips upon launch, and later Samsung chips from November 2018).[52]

Desktop

  • Double-precision (FP64) performance of the Turing chips are 1/32 of single-precision (FP32) performance.
Model Launch date Launch
MSRP
(United States dollar ) 		Code
name(s)[56] 		rowspan="2" Script error: No such module "Vertical header". rowspan="2" Script error: No such module "Vertical header". Core
config[lower-alpha 2] 		SM
count[lower-alpha 3] 		L2
cache 		Clock speeds[lower-alpha 4] Fillrate[lower-alpha 5][lower-alpha 6] Memory Processing power (TFLOPS) Ray tracing performance TDP NVLink
support
Core
(MHz) 		Memory
(MT/s) 		Pixel
(GP/s) 		Texture
(GT/s) 		Size Bandwidth
(GB/s) 		Bus
width 		Half
precision
(boost) 		Single
precision
(boost) 		Double
precision
(boost) 		Rays/s
(billions) 		RTX-OPS
(trillions) 		Tensor
TFLOPS

GeForce RTX
2060[57][58] 		2019 $349 TU106-200A 10.8 445 1920
120:48:30:240 		30 3 MB 1365
(1680) 		14000 65.52 163.8 6 GB 336 192-bit 10.483
(12.902) 		5.242
(6.451) 		0.164
(0.202) 		5 37 51.6 160 W No
2020 $300 TU104-150 13.6 545
GeForce RTX
2060 (12 GB)[59] 		2021 ? TU106-300 10.8 445 2176
136:48:34:272 		34 1470
(1650) 		79.2 224.4 12 GB 12.246
(14.362) 		6.123
(7.181) 		0.191
(0.224) 		6 41 57.4 185 W
GeForce RTX
2060 Super[60][61] 		2019 $399 TU106-410 2176
136:64:34:272 		4 MB 94.05 199.9 8 GB 448 256-bit 175 W
GeForce RTX
2070[62] 		2018 $499 TU106-400 2304
144:64:36:288 		36 1410
(1620) 		90.24 203.04 12.994
(14.930) 		6.497
(7.465) 		0.203
(0.233) 		45 59.7
$599 TU106-400A
GeForce RTX
2070 Super[60][61] 		2019 $499 TU104-410 13.6 545 2560
160:64:40:320 		40 1605
(1770) 		102.72 256.8 16.435
(18.125) 		8.218
(9.062) 		0.257
(0.283) 		7 52 72.5 215 W 2-way
GeForce RTX
2080[63] 		2018 $699 TU104-400 2944
184:64:46:368 		46 1515
(1710) 		96.96 278.76 17.840
(20.137) 		8.920
(10.068) 		0.279
(0.315) 		8 60 80.5
$799 TU104-400A
GeForce RTX
2080 Super[60][61] 		2019 $699 TU104-450 3072
192:64:48:384 		48 1650
(1815) 		15500 105.6 316.8 496 20.275
(22.303) 		10.138
(11.151) 		0.317
(0.349) 		63 89.2 250 W
GeForce RTX
2080 Ti[64] 		2018 $999 TU102-300 18.6 754 4352
272:88:68:544 		68 5.5 MB 1350
(1545) 		14000 118.8 367.2 11 GB 616 352-bit 23.500
(26.896) 		11.750
(13.448) 		0.367
(0.421) 		10 78 107.6
$1199 TU102-300A
Nvidia
Titan RTX[65] 		2018 $2499 TU102-400 4608
288:96:72:576 		72 6 MB 1350
(1770) 		129.6 388.8 24 GB 672 384-bit 24.884
(32.625) 		12.442
(16.312) 		0.389
(0.510) 		11 84 130.5 280 W

Laptop

  • Only the RTX 2050 is using Ampere GA107 chip, which is manufactured using a 8N process from Samsung.
Model Launch Code
name(s) 		rowspan="2" Script error: No such module "Vertical header". rowspan="2" Script error: No such module "Vertical header". Core
config[lower-alpha 2] 		SM
count[lower-alpha 3] 		L2
cache 		Clock speeds[lower-alpha 4] Fillrate[lower-alpha 5][lower-alpha 6] Memory Processing power (TFLOPS) Ray tracing performance TDP
Core
(MHz) 		Memory
(MT/s) 		Pixel
(GP/s) 		Texture
(GT/s) 		Size Bandwidth
(GB/s) 		Bus width Half
precision
(boost) 		Single
precision
(boost) 		Double
precision
(boost) 		Rays/s
(billions) 		RTX-OPS
(trillions)

GeForce RTX
2050[66][67][68][69] 		2021 GA107
(GN20-S7) 		? ? 2048
64:32:32:256 		16 2 MB 1155
(1477) 		14000 47.26 94.53 4 GB 112.0 64-bit
(12.10)
(6.050)
(0.189) 		? ? 30–45 W
GeForce RTX
2060 Max-Q[66][67][70] 		2019 TU106
(N18E-G1) 		10.8 445 1920
120:48:30:240 		30 3 MB 975
(1175) 		11000 56.88 142.2 6 GB 264.0 192-bit
(9.101)
(4.550)
(0.142) 		65 W
GeForce RTX
2060[66][67][71] 		960
(1200) 		14000 57.60 144.0 336.0
(9.216)
(4.608)
(0.144) 		3.5 26 80–90 W
2020[72] TU106
(N18E-G1-B) 		115 W
GeForce RTX
2070 Max-Q[66][67][73] 		2019 TU106
(N18E-G2) 		2304
144:64:36:288 		36 4 MB 885
(1185) 		12000 75.84 170.6 8 GB 384.0 256-bit
(10.92)
(5.460)
(0.171) 		4 31 80 W
GeForce RTX
2070[66][67][74] 		1215
(1440) 		14000 92.16 207.4 448.0
(13.27)
(6.636)
(0.207) 		5 38 115 W
2020[72] TU106
(N18E-G1R) 		1305
(1485)
GeForce RTX
2070 Super Max-Q[66][67][75] 		2020 TU104
(N18E-G2R) 		13.6 545 2560
160:64:40:320 		40 930
(1155) 		12000 69.1 172.8 352.0
(11.06)
(5.530)
(0.173) 		4 34 80 W
GeForce RTX
2070 Super[66][67][76] 		1140
(1380) 		14000 88.3 220.8 448.0
(14.13)
(7.066)
(0.221) 		5 40 115 W
GeForce RTX
2080 Max-Q[66][67][77] 		2019 TU104
(N18E-G3) 		2944
184:64:46:368 		46 735
(1095) 		12000 70.08 201.5 384.0
(12.89)
(6.447)
(0.202) 		5 37 80 W
GeForce RTX
2080[66][67][78] 		1380
(1590) 		14000 101.8 292.6 448.0
(18.72)
(9.362)
(0.293) 		7 53 150+ W
GeForce RTX
2080 Super Max-Q[66][67][79] 		2020 TU104
(N18E-G3R) 		3072
192:64:48:384 		48 735
(1080) 		11000 69.1 207.4 352.0
(13.27)
(6.636)
(0.207) 		5 38 80 W
GeForce RTX
2080 Super[66][67][80] 		1365
(1560) 		14000 99.8 299.5 448.0
(19.17)
(9.585)
(0.300) 		7 55 150+ W
  1. ↑ In OpenCL 3.0, OpenCL 1.2 functionality has become a mandatory baseline, while all OpenCL 2.x and OpenCL 3.0 features were made optional.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Shader Processors, Texture mapping units: Render output units: Ray tracing cores: Tensor Cores (A Tensor core is a mixed-precision FPU specifically designed for matrix arithmetic.)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 The number of Streaming multi-processors on the GPU.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Core boost values (if available) are stated below the base value inside brackets.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Pixel fillrate is calculated as the number of ROPs multiplied by the base (or boost) core clock speed.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Texture fillrate is calculated as the number of TMUs multiplied by the base (or boost) core clock speed.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Introducing NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Graphics Card" (in en-us). https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2070/. 
  2. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Founders Edition Graphics Card" (in en-us). https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2080/. 
  3. ↑ "Graphics Reinvented: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti Graphics Card" (in en-us). https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2080-ti/. 
  4. ↑ "OpenCL Driver Support | NVIDIA Developer". NVIDIA. April 24, 2013. https://developer.nvidia.com/opencl. 
  5. ↑ "OpenGL Driver Support | NVIDIA Developer". NVIDIA. August 19, 2013. https://developer.nvidia.com/opengl-driver. 
  6. ↑ "Vulkan Driver Support | NVIDIA Developer". NVIDIA. February 10, 2016. https://developer.nvidia.com/vulkan-driver. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "GeForce RTX 2080 launch live blog: Nvidia's Gamescom press conference as it happens" (in en). TechRadar. https://www.techradar.com/news/nvidia-gamescom-2018-press-conference-live-blog-will-we-see-the-geforce-rtx-2080. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Samit Sarkar. "Nvidia unveils powerful new RTX 2070, RTX 2080, RTX 2080 Ti graphics cards". Polygon. https://www.polygon.com/2018/8/20/17760038/nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-2070-specs-release-date-price-turing. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Nvidia's new RTX 2080, 2080 Ti video cards shipped on Sept 20, 2018, starting at $799" (in en-us). Ars Technica. https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2018/08/nvidia-announces-new-raytracing-focused-rtx-2080-2080-ti-graphics-cards/. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lori Grunin (July 2, 2019). "Nvidia's GeForce RTX Super line boosts 2060, 2070 and 2080 for same $$". CNET. https://www.cnet.com/news/nvidia-rtx-super-line-boosts-2060-2070-and-2080-for-same/. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Chuong Nguyen (August 14, 2018). "Nvidia teases new GeForce RTX 2080 launch at Gamescom next week". Digital Trends. https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-launch-gamescom-2018/. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Brad Chacos (September 19, 2018). "Nvidia Turing GPU deep dive: What's inside the radical GeForce RTX 2080 Ti". PCWorld. https://www.pcworld.com/article/3305717/nvidia-turing-gpu-geforce-rtx-2080-ti.html. 
  13. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce GTX 16 Series Graphics Card" (in en-my). https://www.nvidia.com/en-my/geforce/graphics-cards/16-series/. 
  14. ↑ "GeForce RTX 30 Series Graphics Card Overview". https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/30-series/. 
  15. ↑ Kevin Lee (August 10, 2018). "GeForce RTX 2080 may be the name of Nvidia's next flagship graphics card". Tech Radar. https://www.techradar.com/news/geforce-rtx-2080-may-be-the-name-of-nvidias-next-flagship-graphics-card. 
  16. ↑ "NVIDIA Unveils Quadro RTX, World's First Ray-Tracing GPU" (in en-us). http://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/nvidia-unveils-quadro-rtx-worlds-first-ray-tracing-gpu. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Tom Warren and Stefan Etienne (September 19, 2018). "Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 Review: 4k Gaming is Here, At a Price". The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2018/9/19/17877968/nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-review-benchmarks-performance-features. 
  18. ↑ Jarred Walton (October 8, 2018). "Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080: benchmark, release date, and everything you need to know". PC Gamer. https://www.pcgamer.com/rtx-2080-everything-you-need-to-know/. 
  19. ↑ Gabe Carey (November 21, 2018). "PNY GeForce RTX 2080 XLR8 Gaming Overclocked Edition Review". PC Mag. https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/pny-geforce-rtx-2080-xlr8-gaming-overclocked-edition. 
  20. ↑ Brad Chacos (August 25, 2018). "Nvidia's GeForce RTX 2080 and RTX 2080 Ti are loaded with boundary-pushing graphics tech". PCWorld. https://www.pcworld.com/article/3298958/nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-2070-raytracing-specs-features-price.html. 
  21. ↑ Kevin Lee (November 15, 2019). "Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 Ti review". Tech Radar. https://www.techradar.com/reviews/nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-review. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Jarred Walton (September 19, 2018). "NVidia GEForce RTX 2080 Founders Edition Review". PC Gamer. https://www.pcgamer.com/nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-founders-edition-review. 
  23. ↑ Chris Angelini, Igor Wallossek (September 19, 2018). "Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 Founders Edition Review: Faster, More Expensive Than GeForce GTX 1080 Ti". Tom's Hardware. https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-founders-edition,5809.html. 
  24. ↑ Chris Angelini (January 1, 2019). "Aorus GeForce RTX 2080 Ti Xtreme 11G Review: In A League of its Own". Tom's Hardware. https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/gigabyte-aorus-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-xtreme-11g,5953.html. 
  25. ↑ Andrew Burnes (August 20, 2018). "GeForce RTX Founders Edition Graphics Cards: Cool and Quiet, and Factory Overclocked". Nvidia. https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/news/geforce-rtx-founders-graphics-card-breakdown/. 
  26. ↑ Paul Lilly (October 30, 2018). "Some users are complaining of GeForce RTX 2080 Ti cards dying". PC Gamer. https://www.pcgamer.com/some-users-are-complaining-of-geforce-rtx-2080-ti-cards-dying/. 
  27. ↑ Charles Jefferies (November 16, 2018). "MSI GeForce RTX 2080 Gaming X Trio Review". PC Mag. https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/msi-geforce-rtx-2080-gaming-x-trio. 
  28. ↑ Antony Leather (December 4, 2018). "Nvidia's Monster Titan RTX Has $2500 Price Tag". Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/antonyleather/2018/12/04/nvidias-monster-titan-rtx-has-2500-price-tag/#46f275a478d5. 
  29. ↑ Andrew Burnes (January 6, 2019). "GeForce RTX GPUs Come to 40+ Laptops, Global Availability January 29". NVidia. https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/news/geforce-rtx-20-series-laptops/. 
  30. ↑ Gordon Mah Ung (January 9, 2019). "Nvidia disses the Radeon VII, vowing the RTX 2080 will crush AMD's 'underwhelming' GPU". PCWorld. https://www.pcworld.com/article/3332025/nvidia-disses-the-radeon-vii-vowing-the-rtx-2080-will-crush-amds-underwhelming-gpu.html. 
  31. ↑ Steven Walton (May 22, 2019). "Radeon VII vs. GeForce RTX 2080". TechSpot. https://www.techspot.com/review/1848-radeon-vii-vs-geforce-rtx-2080/. 
  32. ↑ Andrew Burnes (July 2, 2019). "Introducing GeForce RTX SUPER Graphics Cards: Best In Class Performance, Plus Ray Tracing". GeForce Nvidia. https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/news/geforce-rtx-20-series-super-gpus/. 
  33. ↑ Brad Chacos (July 23, 2019). "Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 Super Founders Edition review: A modest upgrade to a powerful GPU". PCWorld. https://www.pcworld.com/article/3410798/nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-super-founders-edition-review.html. 
  34. ↑ Paul Lilly (November 4, 2019). "This external graphics box contains a liquid-cooled GeForce RTX 2080 Ti". PC Gamer. https://www.pcgamer.com/this-external-graphics-box-contains-a-liquid-cooled-geforce-rtx-2080-ti/. 
  35. ↑ John Burek and Chris Stobing (June 6, 2020). "The Best Graphics Cards for 4K Gaming in 2020". PC Mag. https://www.pcmag.com/picks/the-best-graphics-cards-for-4k-gaming. 
  36. ↑ Matt Hanson (June 29, 2020). "Nvidia graphics cards are getting price cuts ahead of expected RTX 3080 launch". Tech Radar. https://www.techradar.com/deals/nvidia-graphics-cards-are-getting-price-cuts-ahead-of-expected-rtx-3080-launch. 
  37. ↑ "Announcing New GeForce Laptops, Combining New Max-Q Tech with GeForce RTX SUPER GPUs, For Up To 2X More Efficiency Than Last-Gen". Nvidia. April 2, 2020. https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/news/geforce-rtx-super-laptops/. 
  38. ↑ WhyCry (January 20, 2021). "NVIDIA to reintroduce GeForce RTX 2060 and RTX 2060 SUPER to the market" (in en-US). https://videocardz.com/newz/nvidia-to-reintroduce-geforce-rtx-2060-and-rtx-2060-super-to-the-market. 
  39. ↑ Dent, Steve (February 12, 2021). "NVIDIA revives the GTX 1050 Ti in the face of GPU shortages" (in en-US). https://www.engadget.com/nvidia-revives-the-gtx-1050-ti-in-the-face-of-gpu-shortages-113533736.html. 
  40. ↑ Chacos, Brad (February 11, 2021). "Confirmed: Nvidia taps the GTX 1050 Ti to battle graphics card shortages" (in en-US). https://www.pcworld.com/article/3607190/nvidia-rtx-30-graphics-card-shortages-gaming-gpu-gtx-1050-ti-geforce-rtx-2060.html. 
  41. ↑ Klotz, Aaron (December 7, 2021). "Nvidia Partners Stealth Launch RTX 2060 12GB Cards" (in en-US). https://www.tomshardware.com/news/rtx-2060-12gb-aib-partner-cards. 
  42. ↑ btarunr (December 7, 2021). "ZOTAC Launches its GeForce RTX 2060 12GB Graphics Card" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/289688/zotac-launches-its-geforce-rtx-2060-12gb-graphics-card. 
  43. ↑ Norem, Josh (December 8, 2021). "Nvidia's Refreshed RTX 2060 12GB Already Impossible to Find" (in en-US). https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/329560-nvidias-refreshed-rtx-2060-12gb-already-impossible-to-find. 
  44. ↑ Raevenlord (December 9, 2021). "NVIDIA RTX 2060 12 GB Supply to Improve Entering 2022" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/289765/nvidia-rtx-2060-12-gb-supply-to-improve-entering-2022. 
  45. ↑ Tom Warren (August 20, 2018). "Nvidia announces RTX 2000 GPU series with '6 times more performance' and ray-tracing". The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/20/17758724/nvidia-geforce-rtx-2080-specs-pricing-release-date-features. 
  46. ↑ "NVIDIA Announces the GeForce RTX 20 Series: RTX 2080 Ti & 2080 on Sept. 20th, RTX 2070 in October". Anandtech. August 20, 2018. https://www.anandtech.com/show/13249/nvidia-announces-geforce-rtx-20-series-rtx-2080-ti-2080-2070. 
  47. ↑ Christoph Kubisch (September 17, 2018). "Introduction to Turing Mesh Shaders". https://devblogs.nvidia.com/introduction-turing-mesh-shaders/. 
  48. ↑ Nate Oh (September 14, 2018). "The NVIDIA Turing GPU Architecture Deep Dive: Prelude to GeForce RTX". AnandTech. https://www.anandtech.com/show/13282/nvidia-turing-architecture-deep-dive/5. 
  49. ↑ Ryan Smith (August 13, 2018). "NVIDIA Reveals Next-Gen Turing GPU Architecture: NVIDIA Doubles-Down on Ray Tracing, GDDR6, & More". AnandTech. https://www.anandtech.com/show/13214/nvidia-reveals-next-gen-turing-gpu-architecture. 
  50. ↑ "NVIDIA Deep Learning Super-Sampling (DLSS) Shown To Press" (in en). August 22, 2018. https://www.legitreviews.com/nvidia-deep-learning-super-sampling-dlss-shown-to-press_207461. 
  51. ↑ "NVIDIA Segregates Turing GPUs; Factory Overclocking Forbidden on the Cheaper Variant". TechPowerUP. September 17, 2018. https://www.techpowerup.com/247660/nvidia-segregates-turing-gpus-factory-overclocking-forbidden-on-the-cheaper-variant. 
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Maislinger, Florian (21 November 2018). "Faulty RTX 2080 Ti: Nvidia switches from Micron to Samsung for GDDR6 memory". PC Builder's Club. https://www.pcbuildersclub.com/en/2018/11/faulty-rtx-2080-ti-nvidia-switches-from-micron-to-samsung-for-gddr6-memory/. 
  53. ↑ Florian Maislinger (November 21, 2018). "NVIDIA RTX platform". Nvidia. https://developer.nvidia.com/rtx. 
  54. ↑ NVIDIA GeForce (August 20, 2018). "GeForce RTX - Graphics Reinvented". Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=02h_dNl-C-s. 
  55. ↑ "NVIDIA Nsight Visual Studio Edition | NVIDIA Developer". Nvidia. October 2013. https://developer.nvidia.com/nsight-visual-studio-edition. 
  56. ↑ NVIDIA no longer differentiates A and non-A GeForce RTX 2070 and 2080 dies after May 2019, with later dies for the affected models marked without 'A' suffix.Liu, Zhiye (May 4, 2019). "Nvidia to Stop Binning Turing A-Dies For GeForce RTX 2080 And RTX 2070 GPUs: Report" (in en-US). http://www.tomshardware.com/news/nvidia-binning-turing-die-geforce-rtx-2080-rtx-2070,39250.html. 
  57. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 Graphics Card" (in en-US). https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2060/. 
  58. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 TU104 Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2060-tu104.c3495. 
  59. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 12 GB Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2060-12-gb.c3836. 
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 60.2 Smith, Ryan (July 2, 2019). "The GeForce RTX 2070 Super & RTX 2060 Super Review: Smaller Numbers, Bigger Performance" (in en-US). https://www.anandtech.com/show/14586/geforce-rtx-2070-super-rtx-2060-super-review. 
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 61.2 "Your Graphics, Now With SUPER Powers" (in en-US). https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2080-super/. 
  62. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Graphics Card". https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2070/. 
  63. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Founders Edition Graphics Card" (in en-US). https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2080/. 
  64. ↑ "Graphics Reinvented: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti Graphics Card" (in en-US). https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2080-ti/. 
  65. ↑ "NVIDIA Titan RTX" (in en-US). https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/titan/titan-rtx/. 
  66. ↑ 66.00 66.01 66.02 66.03 66.04 66.05 66.06 66.07 66.08 66.09 66.10 "Compare GeForce RTX 20 Series Gaming Laptops" (in en-US). https://www.nvidia.com/en-eu/geforce/gaming-laptops/compare-20-series/. 
  67. ↑ 67.00 67.01 67.02 67.03 67.04 67.05 67.06 67.07 67.08 67.09 67.10 "GeForce Laptops: Fastest Laptops For Gamers & Creators" (in en-US). https://www.nvidia.com/en-eu/geforce/gaming-laptops/. 
  68. ↑ Smith, Ryan (December 17, 2021). "NVIDIA Announces GeForce RTX 2050, MX570, and MX550 For Laptops: 2022's Entry Level GeForce" (in en-US). https://www.anandtech.com/show/17124/nvidia-announces-geforce-rtx-2050-mx570-and-mx550-for-laptops-2022s-entry-level-geforce. 
  69. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2050 Mobile Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2050-mobile.c3859. 
  70. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 Max-Q Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2060-max-q.c3533. 
  71. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 Mobile Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2060-mobile.c3348. 
  72. ↑ 72.0 72.1 "NVIDIA quietly refreshes more GeForce RTX 20 Mobile graphics cards" (in en-US). April 9, 2020. https://videocardz.com/newz/nvidia-quietly-refreshes-more-geforce-rtx-20-mobile-graphics-cards. 
  73. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Max-Q Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2070-max-q.c3392. 
  74. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Mobile Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2070-mobile.c3349. 
  75. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 SUPER Max-Q Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2070-super-max-q.c3563. 
  76. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 SUPER Mobile Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2070-super-mobile.c3514. 
  77. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Max-Q Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2080-max-q.c3363. 
  78. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Mobile Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2080-mobile.c3312. 
  79. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 SUPER Max-Q Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2080-super-max-q.c3566. 
  80. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 SUPER Mobile Specs" (in en-US). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-rtx-2080-super-mobile.c3513. 

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